Dietrich Allers

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August Eduard Ernst Dietrich Allers (* 17th May 1910 in Kiel ; † 22. March 1975 in Munich ) was a German lawyer , who to the Nazi era as manager of the central office T4 conducting the organization to carry out the Nazi euthanasia murders ( Action T4 ) was involved. From 1944 he was in command of the special division Einsatz R in Trieste .

Life

Early years

Dietrich Allers was the son of the public prosecutor August Allers, who died shortly after the outbreak of the First World War in 1914. He attended elementary school in Berlin-Charlottenburg and middle school in Pritzwalk . He then switched to the Joachimsthalsche Gymnasium in Templin and completed his school career there in 1929 with the Abitur . He then completed a law degree at the universities of Jena and Berlin . He passed the first state examination in law in September 1933 and the second state examination in March 1937.

Politically, Allers was close to folk and nationalist groups early on ; at first he belonged to the Jungsturm and the Jungstahlhelm . Eventually he became a member of the DNVP . During his studies in 1929 he became a member of the Teutonia Jena fraternity . Allers joined the SA on February 16, 1932 and the NSDAP on March 1, 1932 ( membership number 951.942).

After taking his law exam, Allers worked briefly at the Berlin-Neukölln District Court . In June 1937 he was accepted into the Prussian civil service and took up his first post with the police chief in Stettin . As early as March 1938 he was appointed a civil servant for life. From June 1938 he was employed by the government in Liegnitz .

Second World War

After the beginning of the Second World War he was drawn to military service and took part in the French campaign , among other things . At the end of 1940, at the instigation of Werner Blankenburg, he was postponed from military service as indispensable.

Allers was introduced by Blankenburg to Viktor Brack , who recruited him as an administrative lawyer for the management of the central office T4 and explained beforehand about the "Gnadentodaktion" and the resulting confidentiality obligation. Allers knew about a planned euthanasia law; He was therefore also aware that the killings in the context of Action T4 were carried out without a legal basis.

In January 1941 Allers became managing director of the "euthanasia" center T4 of the Führer’s office . In this position he succeeded Gerhard Bohne , who had already left the T4 central office at the end of June 1940. His area of ​​responsibility included the organization of administrative processes and the coordination between the various departments in the course of the "euthanasia" murders. In this context, Allers exchanged correspondence with authorities, prison directors and payers about “transfers” as well as transport and maintenance costs. He paid particular attention to the cover-up of this murder campaign to optimize secrecy. Allers visited Nazi killing centers several times. After the "Aktion T4" stopped, Allers was responsible for looking after the T4 staff, who have now been assigned to " Aktion Reinhardt ". According to his own statements - and in the meantime also proven by photos - he stayed several times in the extermination camps of Aktion Reinhardt.

Because of his "extraordinary probation" in this post, he was promoted to the Upper Government Council in February 1942. Allers rose to SA-Sturmbannführer in 1944 .

In July 1944 at the latest, Allers became the commander of the " Einsatz R " (for Reinhard) in Trieste , after his predecessor in this function, Christian Wirth , had been shot by Italian partisans . This special department, attached to the office of the Higher SS and Police Leader Odilo Globocniks in the Adriatic Coastal Operation Zone , consisted of three units that were deployed to fight “Jews” and partisans. Most of the members of these units were recruited from the camp teams of the "Aktion Reinhardt" extermination camps. In this function he was also responsible for the Risiera di San Sabba concentration camp , from which Jews were deported to Auschwitz .

post war period

After the end of the war, Allers came to Austria disguised as an engineer for the Todt Organization . Allers was arrested by the British military after a denunciation in August 1945 and was in the Neuengamme internment camp until February 1947 . He then worked as a lumberjack, driver and eventually even as an operator . In April 1948 he was arrested again by the US Army , handed over to German justice and, although his involvement in the T4 campaign was known, released from custody in September 1949. He was already denazified in October 1949 .

Allers was a candidate for the Socialist Reich Party for the election of the Lower Saxony state parliament in 1951 . After the party was banned, he was in-house counsel at Deutsche Werft and from 1958 also headed the social department there. According to his own statements, he had been a board member of the Northwest Iron and Steel Trade Association since 1954. Allers also worked as a lawyer. Kurt Bolender , who lived incognito under various pseudonyms and who headed the death camp in the Sobibor extermination camp , was represented by Allers.

Allers, who had a son from his first marriage in July 1938, remarried in 1958.

Processes

In August 1962, Allers was in Hamburg for a short time in custody from which he was released in May 1963rd These proceedings were "temporarily suspended" in 1966. After that, he could no longer take up his post as in-house counsel.

The trial against the four leading functionaries of the Nazi euthanasia program Dietrich Allers, Reinhold Vorberg , Gustav Kaufmann and Gerhard Bohne began on April 25, 1967 before the jury court at the Frankfurt am Main regional court . The subject of the so-called Second Frankfurt Euthanasia Trial was the mass murder of the institute. In the trial, which lasted almost 20 months, almost 200 witnesses gave testimony in 179 days, evidence was viewed and experts heard. Bohne and Kaufmann left the proceedings because they were unable to stand trial. The District Court of Frankfurt / Main sentenced Dietrich Allers for his involvement in the T4 campaign on December 20, 1968, for aiding and abetting murder in at least 34,549 cases, to eight years in prison and Vorberg for aiding and abetting murder in 70,273 cases, to ten years in prison. Both Allers and Vorberg were deprived of their civil rights for five years. This judgment was upheld by the Federal Court of Justice on October 11, 1972 . However, Allers and Vorberg did not have to go to custody, as their pre-trial detention and other periods of imprisonment were already credited and the sentences were therefore considered to have been served.

The Italian and German judicial authorities also investigated the Risiera di San Sabba / Trieste crime complex. The proceedings against Allers, which began in Italy in the early 1970s and have been linked to the proceedings against Josef Oberhauser since 1973 , were discontinued when Allers died in 1975.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Ernst Klee: What they did - What they became. Doctors, lawyers and others involved in the murder of the sick or Jews , Frankfurt am Main 2004, p. 287
  2. ↑ a b c d e Dietrich Allers. Managing director of the "T4" central office at http://www.gedenkort-t4.eu/
  3. ^ Judgment of the Regional Court Frankfurt / M. dated December 20, 1968 ( Memento of the original dated July 3, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www1.jur.uva.nl
  4. ↑ Martin Cüppers et al .: Photos from Sobibor - The Niemann Collection on Holocaust and National Socialism . Metropol-Verlag, Berlin 2020, ISBN 978-3-86331506-1 , p. 282.
  5. ↑ Ernst Klee: What they did - What they became. Doctors, lawyers and others involved in the murder of the sick or Jews , Frankfurt am Main 2004, p. 56
  6. ↑ a b Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Third Reich , Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 12
  7. ↑ Ernst Klee: What they did - What they became. Doctors, lawyers and others involved in the murder of the sick or Jews , Frankfurt am Main 2004, p. 57f
  8. ↑ Ernst Klee: What they did - What they became. Doctors, lawyers and others involved in the murder of the sick or Jews , Frankfurt am Main 2004, p. 58f
  9. ↑ Ernst Klee: What they did - What they became. Doctors, lawyers and others involved in the murder of the sick or Jews , Frankfurt am Main 2004, p. 64
  10. ↑ Ernst Klee: What they did - What they became. Doctors, lawyers and others involved in the murder of the sick or Jews , Frankfurt am Main 2004, p. 70
  11. ↑ Peter Brokmeier: The preliminary stage of the final solution. On the Frankfurt euthanasia trial 1967/68 , in: trade union monthly books , issue 21 (1970), p. 29
  12. ↑ Peter Brokmeier: The preliminary stage of the final solution. On the Frankfurt euthanasia trial 1967/68 , in: trade union monthly magazines , issue 21 (1970), p. 28
  13. ^ Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Third Reich , Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 12, 645
  14. ↑ Peter Brokmeier: The preliminary stage of the final solution. On the Frankfurt euthanasia trial 1967/68 , in: trade union monthly books , issue 21 (1970), p. 30
  15. ↑ Ernst Klee: What they did - What they became. Doctors, lawyers and others involved in the murder of the sick or Jews , Frankfurt am Main 2004, p. 75
  16. ↑ Risiera di San Sabba ( Memento of July 11, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
personal data
SURNAME Allers, Dietrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Allers, August Eduard Ernst Dietrich (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lawyer involved in the “euthanasia” program
DATE OF BIRTH May 17, 1910
PLACE OF BIRTH Kiel
DATE OF DEATH March 22, 1975
Place of death Munich