Village church Groß Poserin

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Village church Groß Poserin (2015)

The field stone church Groß Poserin was built between the 13th and 14th centuries. Groß Poserin is located nine kilometers southeast of Goldberg and, together with Neu Poserin, belongs to the Goldberg-Mildenitz district in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania .

history

On August 3, 1235, Bishop Brunward von Schwerin confirmed to the Kuppentin Church, among the eleven villages belonging to the parish, that both young and old Poserin belonged. That was the first written mention of these two places. The Kuppentine parish received a not inconsiderable hoof ownership in duo Posirina , Poserin. The two places appeared in 1285 as Magnum Puserin and Parvum Puserin , today Big and Small Poserin. One can assume that there was a Slavic place here, as the name is clearly of Slavic origin. From 1407 Groß Poserin belonged to the von Hahn family , who had their main estate and knight seat in Damerow between the Poseriner See and the Damerower See . The parish village of Groß Poserin was the center of the surrounding parish villages, through which important post and trade routes ran.

The churches in Poserin and Plauerhagen were only mentioned as daughter churches of Kuppentin in the visitation protocols of 1534 and 1564 . Puseryn is Filia of the Koppendyn Church. From 1582 Groß Poserin had its own parish seat and no longer belonged to Kuppentin. In 1613, Duke Johann (Hans) Albrecht II from Mecklenburg [-Güstrow] gave the church patronage to Groß Poserin and Karow to Matthias von Linstow , who owned Damerow, Grog and Klein Poserin and Hahnenhorst. The von Linstow families remained in Damwerow and Poserin until Reiner von Linstow's death in 1708. His grave slab is in the church of Great Poserin. In 1721 there was a trial between the Poserin pastor Johann Peter Rümker and the chamberlain Hinrich Hartwig von Linstow, because von Linstow wanted to prevent the burial of a corpse from Sandhof in the cemetery at Groß Poserin. In response to a petition from Pastor Rümker on March 5, 1736 to Kammerjunker von Linstow to repair the dilapidated rectory, he got the answer: He would like to shut down the Kirchhoff first, so that the pigs do not dig the dead out of the earth, then He would do it for him part of doing. On January 7, 1738, Pastor Jonas Christoph Rümker wanted to ban the ringing of the bells for two hours a day for Anna Elisabeth, born von Kerkingen on December 31, 1737, because the Linstow chamberlain had not yet paid the pulse .

In the following years there were various changes in church patronage. After Levin Philipp von Holstein , Ernst Sigismund and Hans Reimar von Walsleben came to Leistenow and Buschmühlen . He and his wife have been immortalized on the weather vane of the church tower. In 1743 Matthias Melchor von Behr was patron of the church on Nustrow . His widow is on the bell inscriptions of the Poserin church. Von Behrs stayed until 1788. Until 1791, Chamber Councilor Otto von Hahn, who was raised to the nobility in 1788, was the owner and patron of the church. Afterwards, the imperial count Georg von Münster , who came from Westphalia, bought the goods on Schade and Meinhövel. From 1798 the war council and Comital envoy Baron Franz von Reden and his brother-in-law Chamberlain Baron Ernst Friedrich Christian von Lenthe from Hanover were in Groß Poserin. Both had the Karow manor built as their headquarters around 1800 .

Building history

Little is known about the building history of the field stone church, because Groß Poserin was part of the Kuppentiner parish. The stone church is said to have been consecrated on June 24, 1453. It has been changed many times, so that some of its originality has been lost. The tower in front in the west was not built until the nave was built, as can be seen from the masonry connection between the two components. From around 1750 until the late 19th century, there was evidence of brisk construction activity. The church must have survived the Thirty Years' War unscathed, as confirmed by the dendrological examinations of the rafters of the nave roof in 1592.

In 1818 repairs were carried out on the tower and the church clock. Further repairs followed in 1846 on the damaged roof and the buttresses by the Goldberg master mason Johannes Fründt. In a storm in 1914, the nave was so badly damaged that the service had to take place in the schoolhouse. A large plane tree had fallen on the north side of the church and had broken through the roof structure . The altar and the pulpit were badly damaged and the crucifix was smashed. The repairs were delayed by the First World War . The east gable was rebuilt.

After 1930, when the village of Neu Poserin was resettled, church patronage went to the Berlin resettlement society. When the brick floor collapsed in the area of ​​the damaged crypt in 1936, the site manager of the Reichsumsiedlungsgesellschaft weakened the structural damage as "rabbit holes". The last major renovation work took place in 1938.

In 1958 the pillars were renewed. Bricks from the rectory barn and old tombstones were used as building materials. In 1959, as in the Woosten village church , the neo-Gothic interior from 1876 with the pulpit altar was removed from Poserin. A large, simple oak cross was placed on the east wall behind the altar block. With the painting of the entire interior of the church, the renovation was completed in December 1960.

Before the fall of the Wall , the church was no longer usable for decades; inadequate repairs meant that the church had to be closed for good in 1980. The status report reads: “The windows are boarded up, the southern buttress is hanging loose, the north wall bulges, the tower rips vertically, the lantern rots, the interior is dead and empty, the church sinks into the ground and the cemetery is desolate. “In 1996 the first emergency safety measures began and by 2005 the church was completely renovated. Funding was mainly provided by the Marlies Kressner Foundation. The re-inauguration took place on July 6, 2003.

Exterior

Groß Poserin village church, south side

The church is a single-aisled rectangular building and stands on a field stone foundation. The north, east and south sides of the nave were partly made of hewn field stones one meter thick. All openings such as window and portal reveals as well as all corner areas of the building are made of bricks. The east gable is made of timber frame and lined with bricks. The gable roof, which is hipped on the east side, was covered with plain tile roofing . The half- arched window on the east gable that was once walled up was decorated with stained glass motifs in 2005. The three two-lane neo-Gothic lancet windows with diamond lead glazing on the south and north walls of the nave are ingredients from 1755. The door to the former sacristy on the south side is walled up. The three buttresses attached to the north and south walls as well as to the northeast corner of the building during the constant repairs in the 19th century could be removed after the securing work was completed.

Tower and hood

The drawn-in west tower with its 1.50 meter thick walls and the saddle roof has an eight-sided, bell-shaped, curly spire , also known as the Welsche dome . The tower was attached to the nave and the superstructure consists of the roof structure and the bell cage, the tower top and the gable. On the west side there is a retracted entrance portal with pointed and round arches and in the upper bricked gable triangle three narrow bricked up window niches have been added for decoration. Pastor Balthasar Alheit drew attention to the poor condition as early as 1667: "The church of the great Poserin ... is very dilapidated ... the bell tower is in the last legs ...". The repairs did not have to be carried out until around 1700, because the built-in pine rafters and oak stands of the tower top date from 1699. The tower hood was covered with 3000 roof spons, also known as wooden shingles. Today, the tower roof is covered with a simple plain tile and the spire is covered with wooden shingles.

The then church patron Rittmeister von Walsleben had the ball, the cross and the weather vane attached with the initials HRVW Hans Reimar von Walsleben and MEVW Margarethe Elisabeth von Walsleben and the year 1755 in 1755 . The onion-shaped tower dome was renewed in 1755.

The church clock, bought in 1772 through the means of the lady captain von Behr, was located in the rectangular recess on the west side of the tower, which can still be seen today. In 1818 the watchmaker Voss cleaned the watch and made a new dial. The clock was still there until the end of the 19th century, as evidenced by the church accounts from 1884. The sexton was also rewarded annually for winding the clock and maintaining it.

Interior

inner space

The small field stone hall is now vaulted by a wooden barrel. The wooden structure of the nave consists of two chronologically and structurally independent components, the roof and the vault structure. The roof was built in 1593 as a simple rafter roof with a triple collar beam layer. By installing a wooden barrel vault according to French construction , the originally flat-roofed nave was to be given a special spatial effect.

The wooden barrel construction

The wooden barrel construction of the church therefore deserves special attention. The semicircular wooden barrel extends over the entire nave and, as a plank truss construction, has a pitch of 3.50 meters. The execution of the barrel construction is very close to the construction developed by the French architect Philibert Delorme in the 16th century. Delorme describes the construction of such wooden vaults as a "new invention to build well and inexpensively". Roof structures with arches are carried out without large wooden cross-sections with small wooden nailed planks instead of heavy beams. In the geographical area around Groß Poserin there is no comparable Delorma bin. A real ton in a height as in Great Poserin has the north of Neubrandenburg standing Troll Hagen village church . It also seems interesting that the original roof structure from the late 16th century was put back up in its construction, although it had been removed for the installation of the barrel. The felling date of the wood used, dated 1757, and the changed joinery symbols in their counting sequence allow this conclusion. In addition, the wooden barrel seems to have been carried out by foreign craftsmen, while the restoration of the roof was carried out by local carpenters.

The choir gallery on the tower side was narrower because before 1876 there were galleries on both long sides. With the renovation in 1876, some things were changed in the church and some things have disappeared. The wooden barrel has now been painted blue, the previous paintings on the vaulted ceiling have disappeared. The interior neo-Gothic furnishings with the chairs were also new.

The crypt that collapsed in the south-eastern area in the nave was walled up in 1936. As in Woosten, the interior was redesigned in 1960 by the Rostock restorer Lothar Mannewitz . The neo-Gothic pulpit altar had been removed and replaced with a bricked altar block and a large, simple oak cross now hangs on the east wall.

With the last renovation work in 2002, the entire interior was plastered, a new stone floor was laid and all painting work was carried out. Remnants of the old paintwork were found on the barrel vault.

Grave slab

The grave slab for Reimar von Linstow with the inscription facing east, which has been in front of the altar since 1708, was erected on the north wall in 2000. The following inscription can be read under the coats of arms of Reimar Linstow and Margetha Elisbeth von Holstein:

“THIS LEICHENSTEIN HAS THE WELLBORN MR, MR. REMAR LINSTOWEN. HEIRRN AVF DAMERAV, CARAV VND HORST LIKE AVCH PATROEN OF THESE POSERINIAN VND CARAVIAN CHURCHES AS THE LAST OF THIS LINE, BECAUSE HE HAS THE 3rd MARTZII OF HIS AGE IN ANNO 1708 IN THE AGE OF 70; AFTER HE BORED AVF THE HAVE DAMERAV IN ANNO 1638, SLEEPED IN THE LORD, SLEEPING THE HERTZ-BELOVED HUSBAND, THE DESERT FRAV WITTWE FRAV MARGARETHA ELISABET VON BVCHEN VON HAVE TORNOW. VNTER JESVS UMBRELLA I AM FOR THE STREAM OF ALL ENEMIES FREV "

Crypt

In the southeastern area of ​​the nave there is a crypt from the 18th century. It is the burial place of the church patron. The rectangular room is made of field stones and spanned by a barrel vault made of brick. The coffins were lifted down through a ventilation shaft. When the crypt was opened in 1936, coffin handles in the shape of a lion's head were found as coffin fittings as well as the coats of arms of the von Behr and von Walsleben families.

organ

There was no organ in the church, but after 1920 there was a harmonium. In 1865 the parish in Poserin was to receive an organ as a gift. The father of the late landowner Friedrich von Bassewitz von Klein-Wangelin wanted to donate an organ to the church in 1865. In return, the parish should undertake to maintain the graves of his family members in the local churchyard. But the organ (I / AP / 5) built by the Schwerin organ builder Friese in 1867 came to Schwerin Cathedral after a dispute between the parish and the donor . Just a year later, Friese installed the organ in the village church of Elmenhorst near Klütz .

During the First World War , the wife of the magistrate and landowner Dr. Peter Kleefeld in Neu Poserin intends to donate an organ to the church when her husband and brother return from the war. It never came to that.

Bells

The church once had three bells. The smaller bell still in the tower was cast in 1719 by Michael Begun from Sternberg . The inscription is adorned with angel masks and tendril ornaments on both sides. It is:

“I CALL TO THE WORSHIP, COMPLAINT YOUR CORPSE, AND IF YOU WISH THAT I DON'T GIVE SIGNS OF UNLUCKY, THE WECHTER VOICE SOFTEN THE HARD HEART. JOH. PETRE RÜMKER P. POSERIN. CARAV. "

On the other side of the field:

“AT THE TIME OF WOLLGEB. FREUL. MARG. V. HOLSTEN PATRONESS DK I AM CASTED BY M. BEGUN. 1719. "

Margaretha Elisabeth Ulrica von Holstein was only 25 at the time and was the patroness of the Poserin Church and married to the District Administrator Ernst Siegmund von Walsleben.

The larger bell had the inscription:

“SOLI DEO GLORIA. GOTTLIEB OELGARDT VON BEHR GEB. V. WALSLEBEN. PATRONESS. JONAS CHRISTOPH RÜMKER PASTOR POSERIN. & CAROV. ME FUDITJOH. VALENT. SCHULTZ ROSTOCHI ANNO 1773 "

The contract was concluded with the Güstrow bell founder JP Lövenberg, but the bell was cast by the Rostock bell founder Johann Valentin Schultz. It was melted down in June 1918 for war purposes in the First World War .

Pastors

Names and years indicate the verifiable mention as pastor.

  • 1534 0000Johann Steinhäuser (Steinhuser) (as a rental priest from Kuppentin)
  • 1541 0000Henrik Brosius
  • 1562 0000Joachim Evers
  • 1563–1604 Antonius Woltke
  • 1604–1629 Balthasar Nobility (Alheit)
  • 1630–1638 Markus Gerkens
  • 1638–1667 Samuel Nobility (suspended for adultery and indecent conduct)
  • 1667–1678 Nicolaus Gladow
  • 1679–1687 Joachim Schultze
  • 1688–1716 Jonas Rümker
  • 1717–1736 Johann Peter Rümker
  • 1736–1783 Jonas Christoph Rümker
  • 1785-1822 Uhlig
  • 1915 0000Behm
  • 1923 0000 Timm
  • 1954–1965 Schmidt
  • 1968–1997 Egon Wulf
  • 1998 Christian Banek

graveyard

In the middle of the 19th century the cemetery at the church was overcrowded and an extension of the old churchyard was not possible due to the nature of the ground for use for the stated purpose . In the minutes of the parish building conference of October 11, 1858, it is noted: The local churchyard is so overcrowded with corpses that it is necessary to consider expanding it, possibly even building a new churchyard. The landowner Rosenow agreed to provide compensation for a square area of ​​287 Hufen arable land just 500 meters north of the church. The upper church council informed the parish on June 20, 1860: "... the new churchyard apparently is big enough to allow it to be divided into fields for the individual villages without any disadvantage". In the middle of the new cemetery an octagonal central building was erected as a chapel and morgue, the bricks came from the brickworks of the parish of Karow. After the main path was planted with linden trees, the churchyard was taken into use in 1861.

Parish

The villages of Groß Poserin, Neu Damerow, Neu Poserin, Klein Wangelin, Kressin, Sandhof and Wooster Teerofen belonged to the former parish of Groß Poserin. Since 2002 the parish of Groß Poserin has belonged to the Woosten parish and to the Parchim provost in the Mecklenburg parish of the northern church .

literature

  • Friedrich Schlie : The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. IV. Volume: The district court districts of Schwaan, Bützow, Sternberg, Güstrow, Krakow, Goldberg, Parchim, Lübz and Plau. Schwerin 1901, pp. 392-395. (Reprint: 1993, ISBN 3-910179-08-8 ) archive.org
  • Claus Asam, Thomas Fleischer, Sandra Göbel: The village church of Groß Poserin, Parchim district (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania) building history, renovation reports, usage concept. (Final thesis in the postgraduate study of monument preservation at the Otto Friedrich University in Bamberg and the University of Applied Sciences Coburg), Bamberg 1998.
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Munich, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-422-03081-6 , p. 208.
  • ZEBI e. V., START e. V .: Village and town churches in the Parchim parish. Bremen, Rostock 2001, ISBN 3-86108-753-7 , p. 214.
  • Fred Beckendorff, Reinhard Schaugstat: The village, town and monastery churches in the nature park and its surroundings. (= From culture and science. Issue 3). Ed .; Nossentiner / Schwinzer Heide nature park. Karow 2003, pp. 30-31.
  • Thomas Reilinger: The farmer and forest workers' villages in the nature park and its surroundings. (= From culture and science. Issue 7). Edited by the Nossentiner / Schwinzer Heide Nature Park. Karow 2012, ISBN 978-3-941971-07-3 , pp. 76-77.

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Printed sources

Unprinted sources

  • State Main Archive Schwerin (LHAS)
    • LHAS 5.12-3 / 1 Mecklenburg-Schwerin Ministry of the Interior. No. 6801/2 rural community Groß Poserin.
    • LHAS 5.12-4 / 3 Ministry of Agriculture, Domains and Forests, Dept. Settlement Office. No. 1430 Knightly estate, Groß Poserin.
    • LHAS 5.12-7 / 1 Mecklenburg-Schwerin Ministry for Education, Art, Spiritual Medical Affairs. No. 7441 Operation of spiritual uplifts in Groß Poserin 1899–1920, No. 7736 Employment income of the parish in Groß Poserin.
  • State Church Archives Schwerin (LKAS)
    • LKAS, OKR Schwerin, church records Groß Poserin 1660–1830.
    • LKAS, OKR Schwerin, Specialia, Dept. 2 Groß Poserin 1854–1937, No. 01–47 a. a. Preacher, sexton, organist, parish charter, elevations, service income, land, parish garden, building matters.
    • LKAS, OKR Schwerin, Mecklenburg-Schwerinsches, Mecklenburg Ministry of Finance, Dept. Building Construction, Patronage Building Files, ecclesiastical buildings in Groß Poserin 1915–1936.
  • Archives of the State Superintendent of Parchim
    • File inventory Groß Poserin (without signature)
  • Parish archive Woosten
    • Files I 1 to I 4, buildings 1700–1870.
    • File I 5, news of the repairs to the church tower at Poserin that were carried out in 1817–1819.
    • File I 6, Parish Building Conferences 1846–1908.
    • File I 10, minutes of the parish building conferences beginning in 1915.

Web links

Commons : Dorfkirche Groß Poserin  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ There are different opinions about age. According to Schlie (1901) p. 392 from the 13th century , according to Dehio (2000) p. 208 essentially the 14th century and according to Schöfbeck (2003) from the second half of the 15th century
  2. ↑ MUB I. (1863) No. 436.
  3. ↑ Thomas Reilinger: Great Poserin. In: The farmers and forest workers' villages in the nature park and its surroundings. 2012, pp. 76-77.
  4. ^ Woosten parish archive, file of July 11, 1721.
  5. ^ Woosten parish archives, letter dated January 7, 1738.
  6. ^ German Archaeological Institute Berlin: Expert opinion, large Poserin, church. September 29, 1998.
  7. ↑ a b OKR Schwerin, patronage building files, ecclesiastical buildings III. to poserin.
  8. ↑ Reinhard Schaugstat: Great Poserin. 2003, p. 31.
  9. ↑ Claus Asam, Thomas Fleischer, Sandra Göbel: The village church to large poserin. Dendrochronology, 1998, p. 35.
  10. ^ Woosten parish archive, file I 6.
  11. ↑ Claus Asam, Thomas Fleischer, Sandra Göbel: The village church to large poserin. Wooden structure of the ship. 1998, p. 59.
  12. ↑ Claus Asam, Thomas Fleischer, Sandra Göbel: The village church to large poserin. The wooden barrel construction. 1998, pp. 18-21.
  13. ↑ Claus Asam, Thomas Fleischer, Sandra Göbel: The Abbundzeichenensystem. 1998, pp. 36-37.
  14. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The Kirchdorf Gross Poserin. 1901, p. 394.
  15. ↑ Woosten parish archives, file I 6. Michael Begun acknowledged receipt of his wages on October 11, 1719.
  16. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The Kirchdorf Gross Poserin. 1901, pp. 394-395.
  17. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The Kirchdorf Gross Poserin. 1901, pp. 393-394.
  18. ↑ Gustav Willgeroth : The Mecklenburg-Schwerin Parishes since the Thirty Years' War. Wismar 1925.
  19. ^ Woosten parish archive, inventory list from April 25, 1638.
  20. ^ Woosten parish archive, file I 7.

Coordinates: 53 ° 32 '54.1 "  N , 12 ° 10' 53.4"  E