Three Anne Hohne

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Drei Annen Hohne is a village in the Harz Mountains . It belongs to Wernigerode in the Harz district of Saxony-Anhalt .

During the construction of the Harzquerbahn and Brockenbahn , a stop was set up for the Hohne forester's lodge and the Graflich-Stolbergische Chaussee- and later Gasthaus Drei Annen , which was initially called Signalfichte . After the spruce at the intersection of Hagenstrasse and Chaussee Elbingerode – Ilsenburg fell victim to the bad weather, the station was given the name Drei-Annen-Hohne , which in the first years of the 20th century also applied to the small settlement of the same name at the train station passed to today's hotel “Kräuterhof”.

View of the Harz narrow-gauge railway station in Drei Annen Hohne

Geographical location

Drei Annen Hohne is located directly outside the Harz National Park in the Harz Nature Park . It is located about eight kilometers south-southwest of the core city of Wernigerode on state road  100 to Schierke . The district road  1354 leads east to Elbingerode (Harz) . At Drei Annen Hohne station , the Brocken- from the Harzquerbahn branches off (altitude 550 m).

District Drei Annen

Three annen

The name Drei Annen was first mentioned in 1770 when the mountain manager J. H. Schmidt from Schierke asked for a mining permit for an area near the present Drei Annen restaurant to mine copper and silver.

Count Christian Friedrich zu Stolberg-Wernigerode , whose mother was Anna, took over two Kuxes for himself on December 10, 1770 and another Kux for his daughter Anna, who was born in that year. A Kux was also acquired for his niece Anna.

Mining had to be abandoned as early as 1781. In 1785 a new attempt was made elsewhere with the “Tief [n] Drei Annen-Stollen”. But this too remained unsuccessful until 1793/94. Not far from the restaurant, the name Stollental still refers to these companies. After the failed mining attempts, they switched to catering.

After the construction of the Hagenstrasse between Wernigerode and Schierke (1869–1872), the place of the inn offered the opportunity to build a new house there in 1871 in order to collect the “highway money” now due. This new street was named Hagenstrasse after the Wernigerode chief forester von Hagen on his 50th anniversary in service on February 24, 1870. The Harzquerbahn has been running directly southeast of the house since 1898 . The stop, today's Drei Annen Hohne train station , was set up 1 km further to the west, as the train runs on level ground here.

The Drei Annen restaurant had private operators until the 1950s, was then run by the GDR's state trade organization (HO) and finally became the property of the VEB heavy machinery construction combine "Ernst Thälmann" (SKET) Magdeburg. This company used the building as a holiday home and training facility. In 1974 a bed house was built next to the restaurant. After extensive renovation in 1990, it was opened as a hotel. From 1995 forest inn and hotel are again in private ownership. In 1997, another floor was added to the ward block and the roof was adapted to the surroundings.

The Drei Annen area also includes a youth forest home run by the Elend Forestry Office .

The nearby Eschwegestrasse is named after the chief forest master Ernst von Eschwege (1859–1932), who worked for the Stolberg-Wernigerode family as head of the forest administration in the region.

Scorn

Hohnehof

On the way from the intersection at the Drei Annen Hohne train station in the direction of Hohneklippen, a path branches off to the right after about 500 m. After a few minutes you reach the HohneHof nature experience center at the Hohne forester's lodge, one of several information centers in the Harz National Park. It got its name from the nearby Mock Cliffs. The HohneHof is included as no. 174 in the system of stamping points of the Harz hiking pin.

This area was first mentioned in 1251. The property was described in 1686 as " Hut und Trift auf der Hohne next to a cattle farm, besides mare and foal pastures ".

Under the title Hohne und Steinharz and the history of the forest around Wernigerode , Georg von Gynz-Rekowski presented in 1974, among other things, the beginnings of the now nationally known excursion destination Drei Annen Hohne. He wrote about the founding of Hohne:

Although Hut and Trift an der Hohne can be proven and thus go back at least to the 16th century, a certain starting point of the cattle yard, as a firmly organized and economically occupied farm, can be seen around 1690, as a cartographic entry from 1695 on the Hohne is a residential building enters, in 1738 called the 'Mockery'.

Due to recent research by Jörg Brückner , this information can now be made more precise and the year Hohne was founded precisely.

For May 28, 1667, there was evidence that the Hohnegebiet with its numerous clearings and forest meadows was used as pasture that year. According to an account book, cattle went into the pasture behind the mockery that day . Count Heinrich Ernst zu Stolberg-Wernigerode had created the possibility and employed two herdsmen who let the cattle of the farmers in the area graze here over the summer. In 1667 the herd consisted of 112 animals from Langeln , Abbenrode , Wernigerode , Halberstadt , Stapelburg , Drübeck , Ilsenburg , Silstedt , Osterwieck and Minsleben .

In the spring of 1668 a new cattle herder came, for whom a simple accommodation building, called the cattle or shepherd's house in that year, was built at the Hohne. The permanent accommodation made it possible for him to stay on the pasture with the herd into the rainy autumn. The house was located where the ensemble of buildings of the former Hohne forester's house is today. The Count's forestry department in Hohne, established in 1872, passed to the Prussian state in 1934 and existed as a national park district forestry until 2004.

On the occasion of the summer solstice was first led by 20 June 2008 at the former forestry house Hohne by the Philharmonic Chamber Orchestra Wernigerode Christian Fitzner a concert entitled Legendary mountain wilderness presented to the RM danced Balance Dance Company under the direction of Heide Reinsch. This event was organized by the Harz National Park .

Attractions

Memorial stone Gustav Petri

In the national park, the over 600-year-old oak tree is located on a forest meadow that is temporarily used as a sheep pasture west of the Glashüttenweg and the HohneHof nature experience center, above the train station. The mighty oak trunk shows traces of fire on one side, which were caused by the detonation of a tiger tank at the end of the Second World War . The oak is at the center of the dandelion discovery trail, which meanders through the neighboring forest and across the meadow.

The Drei Annen Hohne station is separation station of Harzquerbahn and Brockenbahn .

A memorial stone for Gustav Petri (1888–1945), who was presumably shot at Drei Annen, has stood at the car park at the train station since 1995 . He was a colonel in the Wehrmacht who, towards the end of the Second World War, refused to include the city of Wernigerode against the Allies in the combat zone and to defend it against the advancing US Army. As a result, Wernigerode could be handed over on April 11, 1945 without a fight. For this, Peter was by officers of the High Command of the 11th Army with the participation of the SS because of insubordination shot . Today he is called the “Savior of Wernigerode”.

Military cemetery (1947–1976)

On April 18, 1945, six German soldiers died at Drei Annen Hohne. On the initiative of Ernst Teichmann , she was buried in a military cemetery on Beerenstieg. In addition, a cross of honor with a steel helmet was set up for Colonel Petri, whose fate Teichmann also took on. The inscription was chosen: "He gave his life to save the city of Wernigerode". A total of eight oak crosses were erected in 1947. Teichmann chose the military rank, name, date of birth and date of death as information on the crosses. The following people were considered:

  1. Sergeant Heinrich Deutsch (1897–1945)
  2. Sergeant Adolf Wiesbach (1917–1945)
  3. Private Heinrich Mayer (1926–1945)
  4. Private Karl-Heinz Mertens (1926–1945)
  5. Private Walter Thode (1926–1945)
  6. Unknown soldier
  7. Soldier Richard Goedecke (1923–1942, killed in Russia and the only surviving cross)
  8. Memorial cross for Colonel Petri

In 1976 all crosses disappeared at the behest of the GDR. In 2013, the Goedecke cross was rediscovered and inserted next to the memorial stone for Colonel Petri.

literature

  • Dittmar Marquordt: Excursion tips: Drei Annen and Drei Annen Hohne . In: Tourismusverein Bodfeld / Harz (Hrsg.): Neuer Harzbote . No. 2 . Elbingerode 1998, p. 43 .
  • Jörg Brückner : Finally clarity about the age of Hohne. About the history of the forest area between Wernigerode and the Brocken . In: New Wernigeröder newspaper . tape 11 , no. 20 , 2000, pp. 22 .

Web links

Commons : Drei Annen Hohne  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Harzer Wanderadel: Stamp number 174 / Hohnehof , on harzer-wandernadel.de
  2. ^ Gustav-Petri-Strasse. at: hausgeschichte-wernigerode.de , accessed on May 30th. 2014.
  3. ↑ Linie13: entries from 1945 - Wernigerode in annual figures. Retrieved October 31, 2019 .
  4. ↑ a b c Peter Lehmann, Volksstimme Magdeburg: The mystery of the lost wooden cross solved. Retrieved October 31, 2019 .
  5. ^ A b Peter Lehmann: Respected, denied, honored: Colonel Gustav Petri, savior of Wernigerode . Lukas Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-86732-173-0 , p. 160 ( google.de [accessed October 31, 2019]).
  6. ↑ Peter Lehmann: Respected, denied, honored: Colonel Gustav Petri, savior of Wernigerode . Lukas Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-86732-173-0 , p. 161 ( google.de [accessed October 31, 2019]).
  7. ↑ Peter Lehmann: Respected, denied, honored: Colonel Gustav Petri, savior of Wernigerode . Lukas Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-86732-173-0 , p. 34 ( google.de [accessed October 31, 2019]).

Coordinates: 51 ° 46 '  N , 10 ° 44'  E