Carlshöhe (Eckernförde)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Gatehouse Carlshöhe

Carlshöhe (also: Karlshöhe , Carlshöh , Karlshöh ; Low German: Carlshöh , Karlshöh ; Danish : Carlshøj ) is a district of the city ​​of Eckernförde on the edge of the Windebyer Noors . Located in the north-west of the city on Bundesstrasse 76 (B 76) in the direction of Schleswig , Carlshöhe is one of two districts that merge into one another; the other is grass wood .

Boundaries and division

In addition to the Grasholz district, Carlshöhe borders the Eckernförde-Nord district and the communities of Gammelby and Barkelsby . While the southern part of Carlshöhe between Bundesstrasse 76 and Windebyer Noor is almost exclusively identical to the area of ​​the former Carlshöhe barracks , there has been residential and commercial space in the north of the district for decades.

history

The Carlshöhe was originally a nursery with an excursion restaurant built by Carl von Apé in 1897, built on a 22 meter high ice age terminal moraine on the Windebyer Noor. In 1908 the Hamburg merchant Johann Heinrich Carl Freiherr von Schröder acquired the site and had a summer villa with a lookout tower built there that same year. The architect of Villa Carlshöhe (also: Villa Schröder or Schrödersche Villa ) was Wilhelm Kruckau , who created the villa in a mixture of historicism, Art Nouveau and reform architecture and who also designed the Eckernförde newspaper office building on Rathausmarkt in Eckernförde, among several other buildings. Whether Carlshöhe was named after Carl von Apé or after Gut Karlshöhe (then Gut Carlshöhe ) in Hamburg , which was owned by the Schröder family (from 1868: Freiherren von Schröder), remains an open question. The area was still nameless on the table sheet "1524 - Hütten" from 1877 with addenda in 1904.

In 1934 the area was sold by Hans Freiherr von Schröder, who had meanwhile taken over the area from his uncle, to the SA- Standarte Jäger 27 for the establishment of an SA-shooting school. This was closed again in 1935 on higher orders . After a temporary takeover by the School of the Association of German Girls of Obergau 6 Nordmark did not materialize, the interim owner, the city of Eckernförde, sold the Carlshöhe area to the Navy in 1935, which built a naval barracks there from 1935 to 1940. The main part was created in 1936.

In the barracks , in addition to recruits before and after the Second World War, from 1945 to 1956, police officers and firefighters , among others, were trained. After that, until the closure in June 2001, it served as a training facility and headquarters for special units of the German Navy and as a telecommunications school for the Navy (details in the section “Barracks Carlshöhe”).

The first expansion of the development to the north side took place with the construction of the Carlshöhe marine sports field; the first residential development there took place on Lerchenweg (details in the section “Carlshöhe-Nord”).

From 1904 to 1954 the Carlshöhe had a stop on the Eckernförde – Owschlag railway line of the narrow-gauge Eckernförde circular railways. The name of the stop was changed several times: from 1904 to 1925 Graßholz , from 1925 to 1935 Carlshöhe , from 1935 to 1944 barracks and from 1944 to 1954 again Carlshöhe .

Barracks Carlshöhe

Until the end of the Second World War

After several locations for the construction of a naval barracks in Eckernförde had been considered, the decision was made in favor of the Carlshöhe area. In 1935 the city of Eckernförde sold the site for 34,000  RM to the navy, which built the barracks from 1935 (until 1940). The main part was built in 1936. The buildings were built according to plans by the Rambacher government building councilor in the style of " clinker expressionism in the tradition of homeland security architecture " of the 1920s and the new objectivity with partly cubist forms (gate entrance), the style was therefore less of a consequence of National Socialist ideology . A total of 28 buildings with an area of ​​around 50,000 m² were built. The barracks give a park-like impression. In addition, a bathing establishment and a training cutter jetty were built in Windebyer Noor, a parade ground on the barracks area and a sports field on the opposite side of the road from Schleswiger Landstraße (R 76; today: Flensburger Straße , B 76). The Villa Carlshöhe , which the previous owner Johann Heinrich Carl Freiherr von Schröder had built in 1908, served from then on as an officers' home.

During the Nazi period, various naval units of the Wehrmacht were stationed in the barracks, such as the 1st Marine Supplementary Department, the 1st Naval Training Department, a Naval Training Regiment, a Marine Music Corps, and the 3rd Ship Trunk Department. Recruits and NCOs of the Navy were trained. Residential units were built for professional soldiers in the Eckernförde-Nord district.

After the end of the Second World War

After the end of the Second World War in 1945, the Carlshöhe barracks initially served as accommodation for refugees and displaced persons , for whom additional barracks were built on the site (until 1958), as a location for some British soldiers, a military hospital, procurement office, central spare parts warehouse , as a branch of the customs school Flensburg , as the State Fire Brigade School Schleswig-Holstein (1948–1954), as the State Police School Schleswig-Holstein (1946–1950) and the seat of the Schleswig-Holstein riot police (1951–1956), as the seat of the State Police Inspectorate (1948–1958), temporarily as the seat of the State Criminal Police Office Schleswig-Holstein .

The Villa Carlshöhe was the place of work of the publisher and writer Hilde Fürstenberg from 1948 to 1958 . Her husband Asmus Fürstenberg used the building as an official residence - he was the inspector of the Schleswig-Holstein police. In a ceremony in 1955, the Knut Hamsun Society was founded here and the publisher Ernst Rowohlt was elected president.

On June 1, 1956, the Bundeswehr moved into the barracks. The units stationed at Carlshöhe included the Naval Training Battalion 1 and then the Naval Telecommunications School , the Naval Music Corps Baltic Sea , and the Naval NCO School . In 1959 the villa became an officer's home again. The Carlshöhe location was closed by the Bundeswehr in 2001. The bathing establishment in Windebyer Noor existed until the 1970s.

In the immediate vicinity, but already in the Grasholz district, the Preusser barracks was built at the beginning of the 1970s and was occupied in 1974.

Todays use

In January 2008 the entrepreneur Wolfram Greifenberg acquired the 15 hectare site. In addition to a new development with condominiums and rental apartments, the owner is making a large part of the site available for cultural and social purposes.

Numerous associations and companies have settled here, there is a medical center , a nursing home , a gallery and various service providers. The former sports hall of the barracks has been converted into an event hall (CARLS) for concerts, conferences, company events, readings and other events.

In the former barracks area, the entrance square and seven barracks blocks are protected as cultural monuments in Eckernförde . These include the gatehouse and the flanking staff and classroom buildings " Jungmann " and " Preußer " as well as the house " Königsberg ". The Villa Carlshöhe was demolished in 2009. In 2011, there was trouble when trees were cut without a permit.

photos

  • Preusser Building

  • Koenigsberg House

  • Jungmann building

Carlshöhe-North

A first permanent expansion of the Carlshöhe development to the north of the federal highway 76 took place with the construction of the Carlshöhe marine sports field, a second with the housing estate on Lerchenweg.

After the Second World War, the Klein Moscow refugee settlement was built in 1946 in the vicinity of today's Lerchenweg settlement on Rosseer Weg . It had a special position compared to other refugee camps in the city. From a purely visual point of view, the first 20 buildings made of prefabricated parts intended for Norway differed from other camp barracks; they were called star boxes . The buildings were small homes with 30 m² of living space on leased land in the city of Eckernförde with a time limit. These first 20 homes could be acquired for 1000 RM, the rent was 5 Rpf / m². Other buildings followed later - partly as a replacement for the barracks camp built in the spa gardens. "Here everyone had developed their own architectural style, or rather built according to the material ...". In 1957 there were 49, in 1962 only one of the makeshift homes remained.

In the period that followed, the remaining area between Bundesstrasse 76 along Rosseer Weg up to the level crossing that existed until the 1960s developed into an industrial area ( industrial area north ) with partial residential development (exception: apartment buildings opposite the barracks) . Companies such as the clothing company Maris (the building is now used as a clothing store for the German Armed Forces), various car sales and repair companies, bus and other transport companies, a seed company (with its own freight sidings), craft businesses in various industries, a gallery, training workshops (from which still exist), care and educational institutions. Today the Eckernförde recycling center is also located in this area.

Others

To this day, the phrase in Eckernförde that someone works, lives, lives, etc. " on " (instead of " in ") Carlshöhe or grass wood has been used - it is probably due to the fact that it goes uphill from the city center to both places .

literature

  • Heimatgemeinschaft Eckernförde eV and department for regional history of the Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, ECKernförde-Lexikon , Husum-Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG., Husum 2014, ISBN 978-3-89876-735-4
  • Roland Voigt: From the 'light buoy' to Carlshöhe - Eckernförde as a test and garrison town of the Navy 1900-1945 in: Jann-Markus Witt: Eckernförde - History of a port and naval city. Convent-Verlag, Hamburg 2006, ISBN 3-934613-96-9 , pages 65 ff.

Web links

Commons : Carlshöhe  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ all terms were also in official use, e.g. E.g .: Karlshöh on the table sheet “1524 - Hütten”, 1955 edition here ; Karlshöhe on top. Map of the land surveying office SH, sheet L 1524, edition 1972; Carlshöh on the official map of the main surveying office SH Ostseebad Eckernförde without ang. Date (published between 1950 and 1955: Sandkrugschule in the former TVA-D4 building already, Kleinbahnstrasse to Owschlag still, Krumland not yet available)
  2. ↑ Relatives of this baron von Schröder already owned the Harzhof (Holtsee) and Hohenstein (Barkelsby) estates in the vicinity of Eckernförde ; Ref: Henning von Rumohr: The goods and their owners , In: Karl Graucop, Detlef Thomsen (ed. IAd Heimatgemeinschaft Eckernförde eV): Heimatbuch des Kreis Eckernförde , Volume II, Verlag CJ Schwensen, Eckernförde 1971, page 177 f.
  3. ↑ Eckernförder Zeitung of January 3, 2018: Eckernförde: On the trail of Schröder's villa ( online here )
  4. ↑ Voigt, pages 77 ff.
  5. ^ Heinz-Herbert Schöning: Die Eckernförde Kreisbahnen , Verlag Kenning, Nordhorn 1998, page 85, ISBN 3-927587-70-2
  6. ^ In addition to Carlshöhe, these were: 1. Norderhaken area between the Windebyer Noor and the railway line, 2. Louisenberg (Eckernförde) , 3. Broosbyer Koppel; Ref .: Voigt, page 77
  7. ^ Statement by the State Monuments Office, quoted in the ECKernförde-Lexikon , page 64 and in the documentation Neue Carlshöhe of the city of Eckernförde (see web links), page 4
  8. ↑ see on the state police school and the riot police: article message school (Flensburg-Mürwik) , police Schleswig-Holstein and Eutin
  9. ↑ on Carlshöhe the book "Norway trip, for the 100th birthday of Knut Hamsun" was created
  10. ↑ Carlshöhe yesterday & today. In: carlshoehe-eckernfoerde.de. Retrieved August 19, 2016 .
  11. ↑ Gernot Kühl: A stroke of luck for the city . sh: z das medienhaus, August 19, 2016.
  12. ↑ Eckernförder Zeitung of December 22, 2011
  13. ^ NABU Schleswig-Holstein
  14. ↑ by Klaus formers home: The Eckernförder Economic Area , Schmidt & Klaunig, Kiel 1958 graphics The topographical development Eckernförde in the Annex to the first part small Moscow was built in the period between 1933 and 1945
  15. ^ Gisela Rath, Little Moscow in Eckernförde , In: Heimatgemeinschaft Eckernförde eV: Yearbook 2007 , pages 35 ff.
  16. ^ Quote from Gisela Rath, page 36
  17. ↑ the street name Rosseer way closed today Rosseer way and today's Ostlandstraße to the intersection Saxtorfer way a

Coordinates: 54 ° 29 '  N , 9 ° 48'  E