Schleswig-Holstein police

Schleswig-Holstein police
State level	country
position	police
Supervisory authority	Home Office
founding	January 1, 1947
Headquarters	Kiel , Schleswig-Holstein
Authority management	State Police Director Michael Wilksen
Servants	approx. 6500
Web presence	www.polizei.schleswig-holstein.de

The police Schleswig-Holstein (colloquially: Schleswig-Holstein Police ), the National Police of the northern German state of Schleswig-Holstein .

history

The police in the Nazi state

Since 1936 the police of the German federal states - and thus also the province of Schleswig-Holstein as part of the state of Prussia  - became the "German police". She was subordinate to the Reichsführer SS and chief of the German police, Heinrich Himmler . The police (generic term " Ordnungspolizei ", or "OrPo" for short) was divided into the protective police of the Reich, the protective police of the municipalities and the gendarmerie . The Reichspolizei was responsible in the cities, the community police in communities with more than 2000 inhabitants and the gendarmerie in communities with less than 2000 inhabitants.

Organizationally, the police were assigned to military districts . Schleswig-Holstein belonged together with Hamburg and (today) north-western Lower Saxony to the military district X with the police area identification "Northwest" and from 1940 "North Sea". The police in SH was headed by “ Higher SS and Police Leaders ” (from 1937 to 1945: Prützmann , Querner and von Bassewitz-Behr ) based in Hamburg. On the staff there there was a "commander of the regulatory police" (1939 to 1945: Querner, Becker, Liessem, Retzlaff, Abraham). In the provinces, u. a. in SH an inspector at the chief president Hinrich Lohse in Kiel, then an inspector's staff and finally only one clerk for police matters at the regional president in Schleswig.

There were police headquarters in Kiel, Lübeck and Flensburg. Commanders of the protection police and the gendarmerie were active in the districts of SH. The WSP command "Western Baltic Sea" had existed for the water police in Kiel since 1941, with the WSP areas of Flensburg, Kiel and Lübeck (with WSP station Travemünde) established since 1937. In Kiel there was a "state police inspection" (with changing names) with military training and barracks with constant relocations.

The gendarmerie in today's Schleswig-Holstein was called "Landjägerei" from 1920 to 1934 . After decrees of 1938 and 1939, the gendarmerie had its (renamed) leadership in the gendarmerie main team based in Schleswig. After 1945 the gendarmerie, as the oldest German police organization, no longer found a place in the new police organization of Schleswig-Holstein.

Even in the last days of the war, the Flensburg Police Headquarters played an important role in the escape of National Socialist officials and war criminals. Nazis who came to Flensburg via the so-called Rattenlinie Nord were provided with false papers in the presidium.

The establishment of the state police after 1945

The British military government in Kiel persecuted u. a. these goals for a “new police force” in Schleswig-Holstein: denazification, demilitarization, democratization and decentralization. The police were in command of the Public Safety Branch (a division of the British Military Government) and the Public Safety Officers (British professional police officers supervising them).

On October 27, 1945, by order of the British, the Provincial Training School Schleswig-Holstein was set up in the news school in Flensburg - Mürwik and in March 1946 it was relocated to Eckernförde-Carlshöhe , where it was later renamed the Schleswig-Holstein State Police School . On January 1, 1946, the British specified a new police organization that divided the police in Schleswig-Holstein into 12 districts with 26 inspections and 71 departments. The actual "hour of birth" of the Schleswig-Holstein State Police was finally January 1, 1947 with the law on the takeover of the police by the State of Schleswig-Holstein . With further organization laws of January 4th, 1947 and March 23rd, 1949 it was reorganized.

The state parliament overturned the British stipulations of "cleaning up" police members through internment, prosecution and denazification through the law to end denazification of March 17, 1951. As a result, many accused Nazi police officers were given access to the new state police. Section 15 of the law stipulates that neither authorities nor private individuals are allowed to inspect the denazification procedural files or to provide information from them.

In 1953, the Police Organization Act of December 22, 1952 introduced a new organizational model with four police departments in Flensburg, Kiel, Neumünster and Lübeck, a water police office, 17 police inspections belonging to four inspection areas North (Flensburg), East (Rendsburg), West (Pinneberg) and Süd (Lübeck) and the riot police in Eckernförde. The management of the four district criminal police stations was carried out by the head of the respective police headquarters of the protection police.

In 1968 a protective police office was established in Kiel. In 1969, the Police Organization Act of December 9, 1968 introduced a police reform. With regard to the protection police, four police departments were formed in Flensburg, Kiel, Itzehoe and Lübeck with subordinate police inspections and a water protection police department in Kiel. With regard to the criminal police - spatially coinciding with the police headquarters - four criminal police headquarters with subordinate departments were established. The riot police department (BPA) in Eutin, the traffic monitoring service (VÜB) in Neumünster and the state police school (LPS) in Eutin have been designated as departments with special tasks .

There was a further police reform on April 1, 1994. By changing the Police Organization Act of 1968 on February 11, 1994, the "integration of the police and criminal police" was determined at the regional and district / urban level; that is, the criminal police departments in Flensburg, Kiel, Itzehoe and Lübeck were dissolved and a new criminal investigation department with subordinate criminal police offices and branches was integrated into the police departments. The departments with special tasks that have existed since 1969 were designated as specialist departments for lower state authorities: the traffic police directorate SH, the water protection police directorate SH and the police directorate for training and further training and for the riot police SH.

With the Police Organization Act of November 12, 2004, there was a fundamental organizational reform. A state police office (LPA) was newly established and the state criminal investigation office (LKA), which had existed since 1994, was updated. Subordinate to the LPA are now eight police directorates in the area of ​​the counties and urban districts and one police directorate as a specialist directorate in Eutin for training and further training and for the riot police. The LPA is in charge of the water police.

Tasks and legal bases

The mission is to ensure public safety and order . As a law enforcement authority , it takes action against unlawful and criminal acts, identifies offenders and analyzes patterns of crime. Another task is to avert danger in the area of internal security , that is to say, the prevention or suppression of illegal acts of any kind. In the context of traffic monitoring, it regulates traffic flows and plays a key role in emergency assistance ( emergency calls ). Furthermore, the police, in close cooperation with authorities for crime prevention to possible offenses in advance to detect and prevent. The central legal basis is the General Administrative Act for the State of Schleswig-Holstein.

Structure and organization

Assigned offices of the Ministry of the Interior in Kiel are

• the State Police Office (LPA)
• the State Criminal Police Office Schleswig-Holstein (LKA)

State Police Office

According to § 2 Police Organization Act (POG), the State Police Office (LPA) exercises service and technical supervision over the police authorities in accordance with § 1 Paragraph 2 No. 2 and 3. It provides the state police with material and services and ensures that tasks are carried out economically. The 6 water police stations in Husum, Brunsbüttel, Flensburg, Kiel, Heiligenhafen and Lübeck-Travemünde with the 12 subordinate water police stations: Branch of the port security service in the Ostuferhafen in Kiel, water police station Kappeln, water police station Puttgarden, port security service and central water protection information in Schleswig-Schleswig-Holstein Lübeck, Ratzeburg water protection station, Glückstadt water protection station, Rendsburg water protection station, Heligoland water protection station, Sylt water protection station, Wyk auf Föhr water protection station and Büsum water protection station are directly subordinate to the state police office (Department 4).

Eight police departments are subordinate to the state police office:

• The Kiel Police Department , based in Kiel, is responsible for the state capital Kiel and the Plön district. A district criminal investigation department in Kiel and a criminal investigation department in Plön are subordinate; a police district in Kiel; four police stations in Kiel with eight subordinate police stations; a police station in Plön with seven subordinate police stations in Heikendorf, Lütjenburg, Preetz, Schwentinental, Schönkirchen, Schönberg (Holstein) and Wankendorf.
• The Lübeck Police Directorate based in Lübeck, responsible for the Hanseatic City of Lübeck and the Ostholstein district. Subordinate to this are a district criminal investigation department in Lübeck and criminal police offices in Eutin, Bad Schwartau, Oldenburg / H. and Neustadt / H .; two police districts in Lübeck and Eutin; four police stations in Lübeck with subordinate nine eight police stations; four police stations with 17 subordinate police stations in Bad Schwartau, Eutin , Heiligenhafen , Neustadt in Holstein; and a police highway district in Scharbeutz.
• The Itzehoe Police Department based in Itzehoe, responsible for the Steinburg and Dithmarschen districts. A district criminal inspection department in Itzehoe and two criminal police stations in Itzehoe and Heide are subordinate to this; a police district in Heide; a police station in Itzehoe with four police stations; a police station in Brunsbüttel with six police stations and a police station in Heide with seven police stations.
• The Flensburg Police Directorate ( Polizeidirektion Flensburg ) based in Flensburg, responsible for the independent city of Flensburg and the Schleswig-Flensburg district as well as the entire area of ​​North Friesland. Subordinate to this are a district criminal investigation department in Flensburg and four subordinate criminal investigation departments in Schleswig, Husum, Sylt and Niebüll; two police districts in Flensburg and Schleswig; two police stations in Flensburg with eight subordinate police stations; four police stations with 21 subordinate police stations in Schleswig, Kappeln, Niebüll, Husum and Sylt; a police motorway district north with locations in Schleswig, Schuby and Husum.
• The Bad Segeberg Police Department , based in Bad Segeberg, is responsible for the Segeberg and Pinneberg districts. Subordinate to this are a criminal inspection department in Bad Segeberg and four criminal police stations in Pinneberg, Norderstedt and Elmshorn; two police highways and districts in Bad Segeberg and Elmshorn; seven police stations with subordinate 21 police stations in Norderstedt, Elmshorn, Pinneberg, Rellingen, Wedel and Bad Segeberg and Kaltenkirchen.
• The Ratzeburg Police Department , based in Ratzeburg, is responsible for the Duchy of Lauenburg and Stormarn. A criminal inspection in Bad Oldesloe and four criminal police stations in Ratzeburg, Geesthacht, Reinbek and Ahrensburg are subordinate; two police autobahns and districts in Ratzeburg and Bad Oldesloe; six police stations with 15 subordinate police stations in Geesthacht, Ratzeburg, Schwarzenbek, Bad Oldesloe, Ahrensburg and Reinbek.
• The Neumünster Police Department based in Neumünster, responsible for the city of Neumünster and the Rendsburg-Eckernförde district. A criminal inspection in Neumünster and two criminal police stations in Rendsburg and Eckernförde are subordinate; a police district in Rendsburg; a police traffic monitoring service in Neumünster; four police stations in Neumünster (2), Rendsburg and Eckernförde and Rendsburg with 18 subordinate police stations as well as the traffic accident service in Neumünster; four central police stations with six subordinate police stations in Bordesholm, Hohenwestedt, Kronshagen and Nortorf; a police motorway area in Neumünster.

Logo of the PD AFB

• The police department for training and further education and for the riot police (PD AFB) continues to exist as a lower state authority according to § 5 POG with its seat in Eutin. The task of this police directorate is to train the employees of the state police; as long as they are not trained at legally independent educational institutions. The riot police support the police authorities and departments when it is necessary to carry out their duties. For this purpose, there is the organizational structure of the technical directorate
  • the training inspection with three training areas, the general education department and the professional ethics department,
  • the specialist advanced training inspection with six specialist areas (law, leadership and organizational management, service dog management, information management, motoring, quality control, deployment management and a media center),
  • the riot police, which, according to the administrative agreement between the Federal Republic of Germany and the state of Schleswig-Holstein, comprises a leadership group, three deployment hun- dreds, a technical deployment unit and an evidence preservation and arrest unit. With its units and special command and control equipment supplied by the federal government, it supports individual police forces if necessary.

State Criminal Police Office

→ Main article : State Criminal Police Office Schleswig-Holstein

According to § 3 POG, the State Criminal Police Office carries out investigations in difficult and special cases. In individual cases, it can issue instructions to the police headquarters for the investigation of criminal offenses and administrative offenses, take responsibility for processing them, or declare a police director to be responsible for investigations in the district of other police headquarters. In addition, the LKA is the central office within the meaning of Section 1 (2) of the Federal Criminal Police Office Act. The police authorities must provide the LKA with the information it needs to carry out its tasks.

The State Criminal Police Office is divided into a staff unit and five departments with 17 subordinate departments, which are mainly subdivided into subject areas.

Protection and criminal police (merged in 1994)

When setting up the Schleswig-Holstein Police, the criminal police should be closely linked to the protection police as a lesson from the criminal amalgamation of police tasks and the fight against political opponents. The aim of the British military government in 1945 was to dissolve the criminal police in Schleswig-Holstein as a special organization. The reason was the integration of the criminal police in 1936 into the Reich Security Main Office and the connection with the Gestapo to the dreaded security police under Heydrich. Accordingly, the Police Act of March 23, 1949 integrated the criminal police into the police inspections according to criminal police requirements. Through the Police Organization Act of December 22, 1952, the criminal police again became an independent division.

This fact has been regretted over the years - also with a view to other federal states. In 1990 the Kiel Ministry of the Interior appointed a commission to reform the organization of the police in SH. With the new version of the Police Organization Act of December 9, 1968 on February 11, 1994, the commission result was implemented on April 1, 1994. Thereafter, in addition to the subordinate police inspections, each of the four police departments existing in SH was integrated with a criminal investigation department with subordinate criminal investigation departments.

As a result of the reform of the organization of the State Police SH through the Police Organization Act of November 12, 2004, the following criminal police departments have now been incorporated into the eight police departments: the police departments in Flensburg, Kiel, Lübeck and Itzehoe each have a district criminal investigation department with two criminal police departments each, the police departments in Husum have one criminal police department Police departments in Neumünster, Segeberg and Ratzeburg have two criminal police stations each.

The Schleswig-Holstein riot police

On September 1, 1950, training departments I and II were set up in Kiel and Lübeck, each with 150 police officers. They were at the same time training centers and barracked operational units with subordination to the respective police group chiefs.

On May 13, 1951, a riot police was set up as a standby department by a circular issued by the SH Interior Minister. It was divided into the department staff, the staff hundred and four hundred. The locations were Eckernförde, Kiel (3rd hundred from advanced training department I) and Lübeck (fourth hundred from advanced training department II). In 1951 the federal government delivered the following weapons to the readiness department: 700 Astra 9 mm pistols, 312 98 k carbines, 20 Beretta 9 mm submachine guns, 29 machine guns (MG 42).

According to Section 10 of the Police Organization Act of 1952 and the Ordinance on Implementing the POG of March 25, 1953, the on-call department had to ensure that the officers, in addition to preparing for deployment in a closed association, also acquire the basis for future use in the police service branches. This requirement was not strictly adhered to. From 1951 to 1956 around 12,000 police applicants were examined in Eckernförde and 982 were hired. On June 1, 1956, the standby department moved from Eckernförde to Eutin .

Little by little, military equipment was introduced: steel helmets, spades, bread bags with cookware and canteens. There was grenade launchers, hand grenades and excessive terrain training. The use of the riot police in the police fight as a paramilitary unit with involvement in acts of war was kept secret in the political arena. This would have given the riot police combatant status. In 1963, the Conference of Interior Ministers failed because of the resistance of the police union to give the riot police combatant status by law. On May 30, 1968, the Emergency Acts were passed. Article 87a ( 4) of the Basic Law has regulated the deployment of armed forces inside the country to support the police since 1968. As a result, there was a re-examination of the tasks and equipment of the riot police.

The Police Organization Act of December 9, 1968 introduced an organizational reform. The standby department became the riot police department as a service with special tasks. After the administrative agreement with the federal government of January 1, 1971, the riot police department was finally restructured. It maintained five hundred units (staff unit, two deployment units and two training units) as well as a special operations unit and a precision rifle unit.

As part of a nationwide organizational reform on April 1, 1994, the riot police department was dissolved. With a reduced workforce and also with the state police school, it merged with the lower state police department for training and advanced training and for the Schleswig-Holstein riot police (PD AFB) based in Eutin .

The Schleswig-Holstein water police

Logography of the Schleswig-Holstein water police

The “Western Baltic Sea” water police command set up in 1941 is disbanded in 1945 by order of the British. In its place is the "Kiel Water Police Group". This group is responsible for the effective police protection on waterways and coastal waters, which are specified in detail. Initially, the Baltic coast is preferred. From 1947 there was also a water protection police presence on the North Sea (Tönning). The boats required come from the Wehrmacht.

In 1947 the Kiel water police group was renamed "Schleswig-Holstein water police group" and placed under the Ministry of the Interior. Only with the Police Organization Act of 1952 is there a justifiable organization for the water police. In 1953 a water police office was formed with the four subordinate water police inspections of the North Sea, Baltic Sea, Lübeck and Canal, each with subordinate water police stations.

According to the POG of 1968 and the ordinance of 1969, the water police is now organized in a water police directorate as a lower state authority. This organization of the WSP later largely outlived the reform of the organization on April 1, 1994. Only through the reform of 2004 is there a direct link between the WSP and the State Police Office in Kiel.

Dept. 4 in the State Police Office with the tasks of water protection police duties, boating / nautical-technical IT and maritime security are directly connected to the water protection police areas. Since March 1st, 2003 the water police SH has been active in the fisheries control (including professional fishermen); the Ministry of Agriculture was previously concerned with this. Section 412 at the State Police Office is now responsible for fisheries control.

Baltic Sea : The Kiel WSP area with Ostuferhafen branch , Flensburg WSP area with Maasholm WSP station, Heiligenhafen WSP area with Puttgarden WSP station, Lübeck-Travemünde WSP area with Lübeck and Ratzeburg WSP stations.

North Sea : WSP area Brunsbüttel with WSP stations Glückstadt and Rendsburg, WSP area Husum with WSP stations Büsum, Helgoland , Wyk on Föhr and List on Sylt. The island of Helgoland is a specialty, because all police tasks are carried out there by the water police.

Since the restructuring of the water police in 2015, the Schleswig-Holstein water police now only has the three districts of Kiel (with subordinate stations in Flensburg and Kappeln), Lübeck (with subordinate stations in Heiligenhafen) and Brunsbüttel (with subordinate stations in Husum and Helgoland ).

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  Coast guard boat of the Schleswig-Holstein water police in Büsum harbor

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  Coastal boat Falshöft at the berth on the keel line

• 

  Water police building on the keel line in Kiel

Traffic monitoring in Schleswig-Holstein

In the official traffic accident statistics published for the first time in 1953, 12,631 traffic fatalities are counted in the Federal Republic according to the current territorial status (2010: 3,651). Police traffic monitoring was therefore urgently required. As early as May 1, 1952, the 3rd hundred of the standby department in Kiel began its service as a supra-local, central traffic monitoring system on federal motorways, federal highways and other important roads in SH. In September 1952 the unit moved to Neumünster and received on May 1, 1954 as “Mot. Readiness for traffic “the status of an independent agency.

From an organizational point of view, there are two trains for patrol duty and one train with technical inspection groups, camera cars, traffic cases and film group. The VW Beetle dominates as a patrol car. From 1956 onwards, 33 vehicles of this type were equipped with radio and received white fenders. In 1961, two Telefunken VRG 2 radars are purchased for the first time and later replaced by Traffipax Mesta 204 DD and Multanova 5F. In 1967 the agency had 125 civil servants, in 1975 it had 192.

In the course of the organizational reform of 1969, the “Mot. Traffic readiness "now a service point with special tasks as" traffic monitoring readiness "(VÜB). In 1973 the internal organizational structure was changed to: headquarters, two traffic monitoring services and two police motorway stations (previously motorway support points since 1968).

With the organizational reform of 1994, the VÜB is now the lower state authority as the “Traffic Police Directorate Schleswig-Holstein” with the subordinate departments: Police Motorway Districts (PAR) and Police Traffic Monitoring Service (VÜD).

With the state ordinance of May 17, 2005, the traffic police department SH is dissolved. The police highway areas are assigned to the new police headquarters, the police traffic monitoring service to the new Neumünster police headquarters.

Regional traffic monitoring led the "Mot. Verkehrs- und Einsatzkommandos "at the police inspections, renamed in 1969 to" police districts ". As of 2004, the police districts are subordinate to the eight police headquarters.

Women in the SH police force

Protective Police Service

In the police force of the Reich there were women only in the criminal police, not in the protection police. The British took a different view. By an order of December 1945 they ordered the "establishment of the female police force in the British zone". The head of this uniformed division was the British Sophie Alloway based in Hamburg. The women hired and trained in Schleswig-Holstein wore blue uniforms. In 1952, however, the reconstruction of a female, uniformed police force was ended by the Police Organization Act of 1952. In Schleswig-Holstein only the female criminal police (WKP) remained. As a result, the discussion of resistance and prejudice against women in the police force flared up in the 1970s. Berlin (1978), Hamburg (1979), Lower Saxony and Hesse (1981) were the first federal states to use women. Schleswig-Holstein followed in 1986. The current recruitment rate of applicants for the SH Schutzpolizei is in a segment of 25 to 33 percent for the last cohorts.

Policewomen

Traffic wardens (composed of Poli zei and Hos tess ) have over 1,969 employees in the police service of SH. According to the POG of 1968 (§ 14) they are auxiliary officers of the police. The first policemen started their service in Kiel in 1969. They later serve in almost all police stations in the country. They monitor stationary traffic, support older people and children, and issue warnings in the event of administrative offenses, particularly in stationary traffic. However, with the transition from stationary traffic to the municipalities in the early 1990s, their activities ended. Most of the 82 policewomen are gradually changing over to the police's typing.

education

Training for the middle service of the protection and water police

With the exception of the internship at the police department for training and for the riot police in Eutin, this training for the middle service takes place and lasts two and a half years. It is divided into three training phases: the basic training (1 year), the specialist training including the internship (1 year) and the final training with the specialist examination (½ year).

Training for the high-level service of the protection, criminal and water police

The theoretical course content is taught at the University of Applied Sciences for Administration and Services (FHVD), Police Department, in Altenholz near Kiel. The course is divided into four theoretical and two practical semesters. The preparatory service ends with the appointment as commissioner and the award of the academic degree Bachelor of Arts - Police Correctional Service.

Training for the higher service of the protection, criminal and water police

Admission requirements are usually higher education entrance qualification and a degree from a university of applied sciences for the public service. The course is divided into two academic years, of which the first academic year is carried out at the federal and state levels. The second year of study takes place at the German Police University (DHPol) in Münster. The subjects of study are: operational studies, leadership, public business administration, organizational and personnel development, psychology, criminalistics, criminology, law, traffic studies. Since October 2007, which is master degree program Public Administration - Police Management offered at the DHPol. At the end of September 2009, the first graduates received their master's degrees.

uniform

→ Main article : Police uniform (Germany)

The color of police uniforms in Prussia was green from 1920. From 1923 the Allies of the First World War ordered the introduction of a blue uniform with black trousers. From 1933 to 1936 there was a change to light green. From 1936 the police color in the Reich was uniformly mottled green.

After 1945, the appearance of uniforms is inconsistent. According to the ordinance of the military government, sovereign badges, cockades, badges of rank, badges etc. Forbidden with swastika on uniforms. The various uniforms are colored blue. In 1947, more modern blue uniforms were introduced. In 1951 Schleswig-Holstein finally switched to green uniforms, first on August 1, 1951 for a deployment of the 1st Hundred of the Eckernförde riot police . This green uniform lasted until 1977 when the changeover to "moss green / brownish-beige" took place gradually. This new (unpopular) uniform lasted almost 20 years.

In 2006, Interior Minister Stegner gave the police in Schleswig-Holstein the “go-ahead” for the introduction of the blue uniform for initially 400 officers based on the model in other federal states, above all Hamburg. The switch to blue was completed in 2009.

vehicles

Vehicle types in historical development

VW Beetle Type 1 of the Schleswig-Holstein police; Registration today in Neumünster and with H-license plate

After the war in 1945 the British made bicycles available to the police departments and police stations. Motorcycles (BMW R 4 and R 12) with sidecars were taken over from stocks of the Wehrmacht. Wehrmacht vehicles were also converted for police purposes. In 1950 the market offered the first special vehicles for the police. The VW Beetle with open side walls was preferred. In 1953 there was the first “water cannon vehicle” for the Schleswig-Holstein police in Kiel, manufactured according to a draft of the police by a body shop from SH on a 3-tonne Opel Blitz with a nozzle.

The riot police in Eckernförde (from 1956 in Eutin) drove from 1951 from federal grants VW convertibles, Mercedes-Benz 170 DA and group cars Hanomag L 28 built in 1950 for the deployment hun- dreds and special vehicles for the staff hundred, z. B. Telecommunication vehicles.

As a result, the stock of motor vehicles was modernized in line with new developments. Later, the VW Beetle, VW Variant (from 1962) and VW Passat (from 1973 until today in eight generations) dominated the radio patrol service, as well as the VW station wagon for different tasks. For special forces there were special assignments to motor vehicles, etc. a. for the special task force and the departments responsible for highway surveillance.

In 2009, the Schleswig-Holstein State Police's entire fleet of cars comprised around 870 vehicles.

With regard to radio patrol cars , the Kiel Ministry of the Interior opted for completely new models from other manufacturers in 2009: the Ford Focus as a light radio patrol car (100 vehicles) and the Ford Mondeo as a civilian radio patrol car (160 vehicles). The entire delivery will be processed gradually until 2012.

Coloring

Electric police vehicle on Heligoland

The patrol cars of the Schleswig-Holstein state police were initially green, then green and white, finally green and silver and, since August 17, 2005, blue and silver for new cars and blue and white for older models. The blue coloring goes back to European efforts to standardize the vehicles (RAL 5017).

Mark

Since March 1, 2007, the police vehicles no longer have the abbreviation of their registration area as a distinguishing mark, but that of the state authority, ie "SH". New vehicles are registered with license plates in the form “SH XXXXX”, where “SH” stands for “Schleswig-Holstein, state government and state parliament”. The reason for this change was the abolition of the official registration number .

Others

Heads of the state police and the SH Schutzpolizei since 1946 until today

with different official titles as chief of the police, commander of the police, police commander, inspector general of the police, inspector of the police, head of the police station: Rosseburg (from 1946), Schmidt, Fürstenberg, Roelofsen, Lange, Butenop, Thimm, Bock, Klingenhöfer, Müller, Schmidt W., Hintz, Pietsch. As state police director: Bernd Woesner, Wolfgang Pistol (2000–2007), Burkhard Hamm (2007–2013), Ralf Höhs (2014–2018), Michael Wilksen (since August 2018).

Armament

After the Second World War, the new Schleswig-Holstein State Police was equipped with the pistol 08 from remnants and from 1947 with revolvers from the manufacturer Smith & Wesson from US stocks . In 1951, a contingent of the Belgian FN High Power pistol , caliber 7.65 mm, was procured. In 1952 another 1,000 pistols from the Swiss company Sig Sauer , caliber 9 mm Parabellum, are introduced. From 1961–1968 these weapons were abolished and replaced by the Walther PPK pistol , caliber 7.65 mm, which was more suitable for police service . From 1951 the riot police in Eckernförde were equipped with the Spanish Astra pistol, the Italian Beretta M1938 submachine gun and the K98k carbine from federal grants . The carbine was replaced in 1961 by the Belgian FN FAL rifle , the MPi Beretta 38 in 1968 by the Heckler & Koch MP 5 . From 1980, pistols were converted to the Sig Sauer P6 in Schleswig-Holstein . In 2008 the Kiel Ministry of the Interior announced that the P6 will be gradually replaced by the P99Q from 2009 .

Large locations

In February 1962 there was a storm surge on the German North Sea coast and on the lower reaches of the Elbe and Weser. 340 deaths were to be mourned. The Eutin riot police had deployed 550 officers on the west coast to seal destroyed levees.

On September 3, 1972, as part of the Sailing Olympiad in Kiel, a parade of 70 tall ships / training ships from 17 nations took place on the Kiel Fjord. Around half a million onlookers visited this major event, which was supervised by the protection police on land and the water protection police on the fjord.

On February 26, 1981, around 100,000 demonstrators came to the construction site of the Brokdorf nuclear power plant. The police had around 10,000 officers on duty. To date, it was the largest police presence in the history of the Federal Republic of Germany .

In 1982 the special task force of the Schleswig-Holstein state police managed to arrest the wanted RAF terrorist Christian Klar .

On June 7, 1986 there was another large demonstration in front of the Brokdorf NPP. 5,333 police officers had been pulled together, and around 40,000 demonstrators had traveled. There were violent clashes between demonstrators and the police.

Crime statistics

Crime statistics began as early as 1946 for the British zone of occupation and thus for Schleswig-Holstein. However, the first contribution to the "International Crime Statistics" of the Interpol Secretariat was made in 1950. The first official "Police crime statistics" were published for the reporting year 1953 (including homicides 1048, moral offenses 57,905, serious theft 128,661, simple theft 433,102, coin offenses 8053) .

The following statistics are currently available for Schleswig-Holstein for 2008: number of cases 240,391 (change compared to 2007 −2222 cases), solved cases 114,780, clarification rate 47.7%. Share of total crime and a .: Theft 45%, street crime 25.8%, property and forgery offenses 12.6%, violent crime 3.3%.

Service / official titles of the Ordnungspolizei / Landespolizei

In the Nazi period from 1941 to 1945 with many previous changes: Candidates, Unterwachtmeister, Rottwachtmeister, Wachtmeister, Oberwachtmeister, Revier (gendarmerie: district) Oberwachtmeister, main sergeant, master, Revier (gendarmerie: district) lieutenant, Revier- (Gendarmerie: Bezirks-) Oberleutnant, Revier- (Gendarmerie: Bezirks-) captain, lieutenant of the protection police of the Reich (of the municipalities as well as the gendarmerie), first lieutenant pp., Captain pp., Major pp., Lieutenant colonel pp., Colonel pp , Major General of the Police, Lieutenant General of the Police, General of the Police, Colonel General of the Police.

In the state police of Schleswig-Holstein from 1951 with changes and additions: police candidate, police sergeant, police chief sergeant, police chief sergeant (these four offices will later be replaced by the entrance office police master candidate), police master, police chief, police district chief (later police chief), new: police chief with allowance , Police Commissioner, Police Chief Commissioner, Police Chief Commissioner, Police District Commissioner (later Police Chief Commissioner A 12), new: First Police Chief Commissioner, Police Council, Higher Police Council (later Police Chief Councilor), Police Director, Chief Police Director, later Head of the Protection Police Office, State Police Director.

The respective office was / is visually expressed by rank badges in the form of a shoulder piece.

Equestrian relay

Even before the end of the Second World War, there were police riders in Kiel and Lübeck. In 1945 the British Military Government approved the establishment of cavalry squadrons at these locations. In 1957 the Kiel Reiterstaffel was dissolved. As a result, the Lübeck rider squadron has almost constantly 20 horses. In the 90s there were votes in the political arena to dissolve the Lübeck Reiterstaffel. At the end of March 1994, the Minister of the Interior requested the state parliament to dissolve it. In 1995 the Reiterstaffel was dissolved. A referendum "to save the cavalry" fails due to the insufficient number of votes.

Traffic jam

In 1954, Mot. Traffic readiness in Neumünster established the first traffic casper group in Schleswig-Holstein. In 2004 there were hand puppet stages at the Police Directorate North in Flensburg and the Traffic Police Directorate in Neumünster, where three and six police officers, respectively, work exclusively in the field of hand puppetry. For the " Verkehrskasper ", 300,000 euros per year are set as personnel costs. In addition, there are costs for the use of the vehicles and repair costs for the stages. The work of the police puppeteers in traffic education and crime prevention is seen as important. In addition, the traffic jasper is often the first personal contact many children have with police officers.

In 2014, in the course of rationalization measures, the state government commissioned the state police to develop a concept for the removal of police officers from the stages and to implement this by 2018. Possible options include a. Cooperation with external agencies or the involvement of retired police officers in the discussion. The 9 civil servants currently involved in the Verkehrskasper prevention project should then be returned to active duty.

literature

• Wolfgang Kroker: Police history in Schleswig-Holstein. Ed. U. edit v. Carsten Fleischhauer and Guntram Turkowski, Heide 2010, ISBN 978-3-8042-1312-8 .
• Schipper / Schneider / Büttner / Schade, Police and regulatory law in Schleswig-Holstein , Richard Boorberg Verlag Stuttgart, 2010
• Perpetrators and victims under the swastika: A state police face their story . Kiel 2001, ISBN 3-00-008063-5 .
• Gerd Stolz, History of the Police in Schleswig-Holstein , Westholsteinische Verlagsanstalt Boyens & Co. Heide in Holstein, 1978

Web links

Commons : Police of Schleswig-Holstein  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of the Schleswig-Holstein police

Individual evidence

1. ^ Meeting of the last Carlshöhe police officers . sh: z , April 11, 2011, accessed August 14, 2016.
2. ^ Gerhard Paul: State terror and social brutality . 1996. Stephan Linck: On the personnel policy of the British occupying power . In: Fürmetz, Reinke, Weinhauer: Post-War Police . 2001.
3. ↑ In services directory of water police (PDF) two stations are shown more: Water Police Kappeln Eckernförde--Location, which is open only in the summer months, and the Central Information Agency dangerous -ZGA- in Luebeck.
4. ↑ Fisheries control of the water protection police , accessed on November 29, 2011.
5. ↑ Federal Statistical Office
6. ↑ Landesportal S.-H .: More police to fight crime - job cuts without impact on deployment and investigation, accessed June 7, 2017.