Eickstedt (Randow Valley)

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Eickstedt
community Randowtal
Coordinates: 53 ° 17 '59 "  N , 14 ° 2' 25"  E
Height : 55 m above sea level NHN
Residents : 217  (Feb 21, 2018)
Incorporation : December 31, 2001
Postal code : 17291
Area code : 039857
The manor house in Eickstedt
The manor house in Eickstedt

Eickstedt is a district of the municipality Randowtal of the Gramzow office in the Uckermark district in Brandenburg .

geography

The place is ten kilometers north-northeast of Gramzow in northeast Brandenburg. The small meadow or street village has a typical linear, north-south oriented shape and is characterized by a thoroughfare with densely lined up farmsteads. The neighboring towns are Eickstedt Expansion in the northeast, Schmölln in the east, Wollin in the southeast, Kleinow in the southwest, Damme in the west and Ziemkendorf in the northwest.

The site is located in the area of ​​the ground moraine plate of the main glaciation of the so-called Pomeranian Stadium. Boulder clay and deep loam dominate here, marl boulder with different stone content and, in the area of ​​the wet lowland, mighty alluvial clays. The latter have a moor cover due to the high groundwater level. On the top of the terrain in the center of the village, as a result of water erosion, till, which identifies the site as a relatively safe building site. The soil types present on site and in the surrounding area are a result of the surface shapes created by the most recent glaciation phase of the Vistula glaciation during the Pomeranian stage (one of the three major ice advances in the Brandenburg, Pomeranian and Mecklenburg stages during the Vistula glaciation; 16000–14800 / 14400 BP ). The recent surfaces in the village and around the manor house are heavily overprinted by surface planing and orders.

history

The local form corresponds to an initial investment scheme of the classic external land expansion . Like the patronymic name formation, which points to the founder of the village (see below) and his origin, it refers to one of the 161 new foundations in the Uckermark during the high medieval settlement in the late 12th and 13th centuries. There are no sources for this itself. Another indication of a planned new development is the large district area, the large corridors of which with well over 50 hooves are assigned to the immigrated new settlers and reflect the former economic potential. Opposite late Slavic settlements on the water, the place was laid out on a dry plateau. From this, in the middle of the village, west of the road axis, today's manor house is located on a small tongue of land sloping slightly towards the wetland, as well as the early Gothic construction of the 13th century parish church made of granite ashlars with a tower ruin connected to the west on the almost 56 m above sea level. NHN highest elevation.

Church and estate

View of the church from the northeast
View of the church from the southwest

At first glance, the ruined tower, which was once provided with a barrel vault on the ground floor, and the well-preserved example of an elongated rectangular hall church form a unit. Both buildings, however, clearly separate changes in the masonry association, although they are likely to have been built almost at the same time. The close spatial relationship between the tower and the manor complex is particularly striking. The special case here is that a parish was located at a Burgward center and even a structural combination was made. The establishment of medieval fortified courtyards with integrated (parish) churches is a typical Saxon phenomenon, especially if you think of the combination of a residential tower and nave, as implemented in Eickstedt. The tower-church building complex evidently represents a type of construction that was brought by Saxon immigrants to Uckermark, which is known for its concentration and variety of different types of stone churches. The archeologically proven manor house or the 14th century fixed house, which probably replaced a previous building from the founding phase, is not preserved above ground. It was a multi-storey rectangular building, which was gradually expanded to include wing systems until a three-wing system typical of the 16th century resulted. Surrounded by a moat, it was closely connected to its medieval predecessor.

After massive destruction in the Thirty Years' War , which only spared a little above ground , the new building or redesign of the temporarily ruined fixed house to the central manor house, which was further redesigned in the second half of the 18th century. The closed structure therefore presents itself as an elongated rectangular building without a tower or other addita and with its two representative facades is more like an oversized bourgeois house with a mansard roof . The tower on the church, which was also damaged, remained in ruins.

Manor house during renovation in 2006

Historical sources on medieval history

East pediment of the church
Ruined tower west of the church on the estate

Another approach to the history of Eickstedt is possible through the family of the same name. The lineage of those von Eickstedt goes back to Thiemo von Schrapelau, Noble Herr zu Querfurt / Thuringia, married to Countess Adelheid von Ballenstedt, and with the documentary mentions between 1100 and 1130 back to the first half of the 12th century. The not inconsiderable importance of the family branch in the Uckermark results from the marriage between Thiemo von Schrapelau and the Ascanian Adalbertus / Albrecht the Bear . Thiemo's son Dubslaff I (* before 1100, † before 1187) is considered the founder of Eickstedt . He will have come to the region as a close relative and milites of German descent in the wake of Albrecht and, after the occupation of Havelberg around 1136, he was involved in the subjugation of the Slavs as well as the consolidation of power and the establishment of the German colonists. So far there is no archaeological evidence on site for his and the parallel presence of settlers. Colonists from the south wettinischen were previously only south of the Uckermark with the scheduled 1200 start of the village foundations catfish located. In the area north of the catfish, German settlement under the Pomeranians is already partially assumed, but the Eickstedts seem to be an exception here in the last quarter of the 12th century. It was not until 1354 that the place fell for 117 years to pay homage to the Duke of Pomerania. In addition, one of the sons of the alleged local founder, Theodericus (* around 1140, documented 1162 and 1164), appears as the father of the Haus Uckermark family branch with his own / second headquarters in Eickstedt. It was not until the middle of the 13th century that the entire Uckermark was firmly in the hands of the Ascanians, who had not consolidated themselves here after the campaign against the Wettins and Magdeburgers in 1178/80. According to Theodericus II. (* Around 1185, officially mentioned 1204–1249), however, only his grandson Tidericus (* around 1225, officially mentioned 1272), followed by Tydeke auf Eickstedt, Ziemkendorff and Damme (* around 1275, officially mentioned 1305–1345), Hans auf Eickstedt, Damme, Wollin and Ziemkendorf (* around 1330, † after 1406), Heyne von Eickstedt († after 1413), Jörg auf Eickstedt, Damme, Wollin and Ziemkendorf (* around 1390, † 1477, mentioned in a document 1472) as well as Lange Jürg, Zabel and Jürg von Eickstedt (all three mentioned in a document in 1497).

The place itself was first mentioned in the year 1271 with the Dominus Fredericus de Ecstede / Friedrich I. auf Eickstedt (* around 1180; already documented between 1236 and 1249). Nevertheless, the von Eickstedt family can be traced back to the first half of the 12th century as one of the few, along with local noble families from the 13th century (see above). If the establishment of the village can be assumed indirectly as early as the 12th century through the mention of the houses in Eickstedt and Uckermark, it can be assumed that there are already several knight / Ganerbs' residences in Eickstedt. The topographically most advantageous location of today's estate is most likely to be ascribed to the Uckermark House, which, as an early partisan of the Zollern, secured influence in the region. As the father of this branch, one of the sons of the alleged local founder Dubslaff I, Theodericus I (* around 1140, mentioned in a document in 1162 & 1164), presumably with his own / second seat in Eickstedt can be located.

Sources for the early modern period

The already mentioned ensemble of the predecessor building of the manor house preserved today will be given its final / complete form at the latest under Dubslaff VI. on Rothenklempenow, Eickstedt, Hohenholz, Ziemkendorf and Wollin (* 1492, † 1566) and belonged to the typical multi-wing systems of the second half of the 16th century. According to the results of archaeological investigations so far, the renaissance building, which was built in several construction phases, ultimately presented itself as a horseshoe-shaped, three-winged complex with a (partially) roofed courtyard on mighty posts, flanked by the tower and church. Dubslaff VI. married Catharina von Arnim on February 28, 1535 and thus contributed to the wide ramification of the family. In the history of the Uckermark, the gentlemen von Eickstedt appeared again and again. It is all the more astonishing that there is often insufficient information about the residence of the Eickstedt family, whose name is derived from this. It is an example of the development of a manorial property with an associated village church in the Uckermark, which was previously not considered a castle landscape, but rather characterized by aristocratic residences.

There are hardly any free-standing buildings or ruins from the 12th to 14th centuries here, apart from the castle ruins on the Räuberberg near Schmölln, not far from Eickstedt. It fitted into the rural settlement structure and took on all functions as a physical element in the legal protection of the noble owners , like the fortified castles in the surrounding area such as Schmölln , Gerswalde , Stolpe, Vierraden , Grimnitz or Oderberg . There is even less information available about the other three knightly seats on site when the family split up around 1699.

Community membership

As part of a district restructuring, Wollin was incorporated into Eickstedt on January 1, 1974. On December 31, 2001, Eickstedt joined the municipality of Randowtal.

Buildings

Strikingly in the townscape especially the manor house and the immediately adjacent, once associated church, now the Protestant church Falkenwalde belongs.

literature

  • Martin Born : Geography of rural settlements Vol. 1: The genesis of settlement forms in Central Europe . Stuttgart 1977.
  • Stefan Breitling : Aristocratic residences between the Elbe and the Oder 1400-1600 . In: Publications of the Deutsche Burgenvereinigung e. V. Series A, Volume 10, Braubach 2005.
  • P. v. Eichholz (edit.) / Brandenburgischer Provinzialverband (Ed.): The Art Monuments of the Province of Brandenburg Vol. I, Part I, Berlin 1909.
  • P. v. Eichholz (edited) / Brandenburgischer Provinzialverband (Ed.): The Art Monuments of the Province of Brandenburg Vol. III, 1st District Prenzlau, Berlin 1921.
  • Lieselott Enders : Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg Part VIII, Uckermark . Weimar 1986.
  • Lieselott Enders: Settlement and rule in the border areas of the Mark and Pomerania from the second half of the 12th to the beginning of the 14th century using the Uckermark as an example . In: Jahrbuch für Wirtschaftsgeschichte 23. 1987, pp. 73–189.
  • Lieselott Enders: Castles in the Uckermark. In: Die Mark 7. 1992, pp. 10-14.
  • Lieselott Enders: The Uckermark. History of a Kurmark landscape from the 12th to the 18th century . In: Publications of the Brandenburg State Main Archive Potsdam 28. Weimar 1992.
  • Lieselott Enders: castles, palaces, manor buildings. On the building history of Prignitz in the early modern period . In: Yearbook for Brandenburg History 50. 1999, pp. 31–61.
  • Ernst Fidicin : The land book of Emperor Charles IV based on the handwritten sources. The territories of the Mark Brandenburg . Volume IV, Berlin 1856.
  • Matthias Friske: The medieval churches on the Barnim. History - architecture - equipment (churches in rural areas 1) . Berlin 2001.
  • Matthias Friske: Churches in the Protestant church district Uckermark . Meissen 2006.
  • Eike Gringmuth-Dallmer : Settlement models for overlay processes using the example of the medieval German eastern settlement . In: Rural Settlements between Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages . Archäologie und Museum 33, Liestal 1995, 111–118.
  • Eicke Gringmuth-Dallmer: Agricultural settlements in eastern Germany between the early and high Middle Ages . In: RURALIA 1, Praha 1996, 17-28.
  • Holger Grönwald : Gut Eickstedt - Investigations into the history and tradition of the high medieval eastern settlement in the Uckermark. In: Communications from the Uckermärkisches Geschichtsverein zu Prenzlau, Vol. 14, Prenzlau 2008, pp. 35–49.
  • Holger Grönwald: Eickstedt - new excavation results as a contribution to the illustration of the high medieval east settlement and its reception using the example of a manor in the Uckermark. In: Aedificatio terrae. Contributions to the environmental and settlement archeology of Central Europe. Festschrift for Eike Gringmuth-Dallmer on his 65th birthday. International Archeology - Studia honoraria 26. Ed. By Gerson H. Jeute, Jens Schneeweiß and Claudia Theune-Vogt, Rahden / Westf. 2007, pp. 137-146.
  • Holger Grönwald: Report on the archaeological investigation as part of the BV renovation and conversion of the Eickstedt manor, district Uckermark, Dorfstrasse 43, 17291 Randowtal (OT Eickstedt); Activity no. of the Brandenburg State Museum UBO 2005: 084, subject catalog no. 2005-1267, Berlin 2006.
  • Jens Henker : Archaeological investigation of the center of the village in the districts of Barnim and Märkisch-Oderland and their statements on the high medieval eastern settlement . In: J. Henker, T. Schöfbeck, U. Weiß: Slavs and Germans in the High Middle Ages east of the Elbe. Archaeological-historical studies on settlement development . Studies on the Archeology of Europe 7, Bonn 2006, pp. 15–141.
  • Joachim Herrmann (ed.): The Slavs in Germany. Berlin 1985 (revised edition).
  • Joachim Herrmann: Castles and fortifications of the 12th and 13th centuries in sovereign territorial policy and rural settlement in the wider area of ​​Berlin . In: Zeitschrift für Archäologie 20, 1986, pp. 201–235.
  • Kerstin Kirsch : The eastern and southern Uckermark in the Yugoslav and early German times (11th-14th centuries) . In: C. Lübke (Ed.): Structure and Change in the High Middle Ages . Research on the history and culture of Eastern Central Europe 5. Stuttgart 1998, pp. 231–240.
  • Kerstin Kirsch: Slavs and Germans in the Uckermark - Comparative studies on settlement development from 11-14 Century , dissertation, Berlin 1999.
  • Kerstin Kirsch: Slavs and Germans in the Uckermark. Comparative studies on settlement development from the 11th to the 14th century . Stuttgart 2004.
  • Arthur Kopp: Parish life after the Great War , Brandenburgia 1905, vol. 14.
  • Anneliese Krenzlin : Village, field and economy in the area of ​​the great valleys and plateaus east of the Elbe (research on German regional studies 70), Remagen 1952.
  • Werner Lippert : History of the 110 farming villages in the northern Uckermark. A contribution to the economic and social history of the Mark Brandenburg . Central German Research 57, Cologne / Vienna 1968.
  • Rudi Ogrissek : Village and Corridor in the German Democratic Republic. Small historical settlement studies . Leipzig 1961.
  • Adolph Friedrich Riedel (ed.): CDB - Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis , main part I, vol. 1–25, main part II, vol. 1–6, main part III, vol. 1–4, main part IV, vol. 1, Berlin 1838–1869.
  • Walter Schlesinger : The German church in the Sorbian country and the church constitution on West Slavic soil . In: Ders .: Church history of Saxony in the Middle Ages . Medium Forsch. 17 / I, II, Cologne / Vienna 1983.
  • Rainer Schulz: Stolpe, a tower castle of the late 12th century on the Oder - a fortification of the Danes in Pomerania against the Margraves of Brandenburg? In: Château Gaillard XVII, Caen 1998, pp. 211-221.
  • Reinhard Spehr: Christianization and the earliest church organization in the Mark Meissen . In: Oexle, J .: Early Churches in Saxony. Results of archaeological and architectural studies . Stuttgart 1994, pp. 8-63.
  • Jürg Tauber: Aspects of the possibilities and limits of medieval archeology . In: Archeology and Museum 20, Liestal 1991.
  • Sophie Wauer: Brandenburg name book , part 9 ( The place names of the Uckermark ). Weimar 1996.

Web links

Commons : Eickstedt  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Eickstedt New excavation results as a contribution to the illustration of the high medieval eastern settlement
  • Eickstedt in the genealogical directory

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Office Gramzow - residents' registration office (ed.): Population figures of the office Gramzow with the municipalities belonging to the office. As of February 21, 2018 . Gramzow February 21, 2018.
  2. ↑ Municipality of Randowtal - districts according to § 45 municipal constitution - places to live. In: service.brandenburg.de. Ministry of the Interior and Local Affairs of the State of Brandenburg, accessed on July 31, 2017 .
  3. ↑ BrandenburgViewer of the state survey and geographic base information Brandenburg (LGB)
  4. ^ See Ogrissek 1961, 133, Born 1977, 141 and Gringmuth-Dallmer 1995, 114.
  5. ↑ Transfer of the phenomenon that the designations of manorial seats are included in surname and gender names - after only first names were used and inherited until the 11th century; especially widespread in the Wettin area (Kirsch 1999, 71f) and occurs especially with German place names (Henker 2007, 55).
  6. ↑ Corresponding to the second or the high phase of the high medieval eastern settlement (cf. Gringmuth-Dallmer 1995, 112, the latter 1996, 17 and Henker 2007, 15).
  7. ↑ What seems as typical as the local form, the first mention of comparable villages occurs relatively late - after a few in the 13th century, mostly not until the 14th century, so that one can only assume the existence of a place - but it is not certain when he was actually founded.
  8. ↑ 758.37 ha were handed down for 1856 (cf. Fidicin 1856, 39; = 2974 acres) and 872 ha for 1921 (cf. Eichholz 1921, 40f) - in this size actually only allocated during the medieval division of arable land. Subsequent area divisions were sometimes reduced to 100 hectares for newly created localities by the 18th century. The current area of ​​2241 hectares results from the reorganization after the Second World War.
  9. ↑ Here as a minimum guideline. The area conversion results in about 120-137 hooves, whereby the generalized dimensions leave a lot of leeway. Individual listings of traditional land ownership by family members, parishes, farmers, etc. s. w. in L. Enders (Enders 1986, 231).
  10. ↑ See Krenzlin 1952, 85.
  11. ↑ This is nevertheless to be regarded as a prominent place; see. Gringmuth-Dallmer 1996, 19.
  12. ↑ According to oral tradition, parts of the massive tower substructure made of large-format field stones were only demolished in the 1920s for road construction work.
  13. ↑ Typologically, the church is closely related to that in neighboring Schmölln . In contrast to Schmölln, in Eickstedt no major alterations were made to the nave in spite of the renaissance furnishings (the altar was redesigned in color from 1591 and the pulpit at the same time), so that the building with its south and west portal (added) retained its rare originality. A sacristy is attached to the north side, a baroque porch protects the south portal and thus preserved remains of Renaissance plaster decor. The renovation of the roof structure and the renovation of the interior up to 1969 have left hardly any of the original structures, apart from the brickwork.
  14. ↑ Like the church tower in Schmölln, the Eickstedter tower certainly had a half-timbered tower. The western, ground-level access was only subsequently broken by the tower substructure.
  15. ↑ In the 16th and 17th centuries, it was even more evident, as the cellar structures on the manor house extend right up to the tower (see also Zichow Castle and Tower - here, too, the integration of the medieval parts of the castle into the castle complex has resulted in one the immediate vicinity of the medieval tower and baroque castle.)
  16. ^ A hypothesis that excludes this possibility goes back to W. Schlesiger (Schlesiger 1983, 141), but has already been sufficiently refuted by R. Spehr (Spehr 1994, 49).
  17. ↑ While written sources such as the Meißner diocese registers offer little information on this, several examples can be found in the existing building stock, such as the St. Jakobi Church, which was built in 1140/50, directly on the estate at the royal court "Scutropei" in Wilsdruff / Lkr. Meißen, the mission church in the castle wall of Weßnig / Lkr. Torgau or the Gut Meyhen / Kr. Naumburg (Spehr 1994, 43/44, 39, 45/46).
  18. ↑ The most striking parallel is offered by the residential tower in Meyhen / Kr. Naumburg, where the nave was also added on the east side; see. Spehr 1994, 45/46.
  19. ↑ With this, they may have established a direct reference to the building tradition in their region of origin. Similar to the adapted place name, this distinguished them from Pomeranian settlers.
  20. ↑ A section ditch dividing the ridge behind the eastern church gable must be assumed, but this has not yet been proven. The chronological sequencing of the archaeological findings showed that at the latest around the core structure of the 14th century a simple ditch dug, which was followed by two more ditches in front of it. The enlargement of the radius and the leveling of the inner trench suggest a connection with the expansion of the property. The two outer complexes are more likely to be attributed to the 15th and 16th centuries.
  21. ↑ In addition to churches and parishes, mansions represented special goals of destruction (cf. Kopp1905, 8). In 1627 the region suffered severe damage from the troops of Christian IV of Denmark . In 1631 the Swedes moved into the ensuing Wallenstein billeting. As a result of the defeat of Ferdinand II's imperial troops in the Battle of Scharfenberg near Wittstock against the Swedes in 1636 , Eickstedt will also have been plagued by the devastation spreading across the region.
  22. ↑ The visible remains of the old substance gave way to the fashions of the time in a continuous building process, especially after Brandenburg opened up to influences from the Netherlands and France in the 17th century. Nevertheless, the extent of the integrated building fabric, especially in the north wall up to the first floor, is considerable (see H. Grönwald / Berlin, report on the archaeological investigation within the framework of the renovation and conversion of the Eickstedt manor house; activity no. Of the Brandenburgisches Landesmuseum UBO 2005: 084, subject catalog No. 2005-1267 as well as report on the restoration study at the Eickstedt manor by Dipl. Rest. W. Geipel / Berlin, sheet Z 1; November 20, 2005). After its consistent redesign, the only thing that connected the complex with the previous building was that it was a free-standing type of a large manor house.
  23. ↑ The church, on the other hand, was largely unscathed. Possibly an indication that clearly separate world and spiritual property relations were defined, that the tower had a residential function up to this point and, as a fortified building, was the target of military activities. Almost the entire village fell into desolation in the course of the Thirty Years' War and the region suffered from plague epidemics (reported for 1626, 1634 and 1643; after Breitling 2005, 62). Forty years after the end of the war, only two occupied farms have survived (all Kossetenhöfe were desolate; see Enders 1986, 231). For details of the excavation results cf. Grönwald 2008, 35–49 as well as the same. 2007, 137–146.
  24. ↑ Information on the data below based on excerpts from Riedel / CDB 1838–1869, Enders 1986, 230–232, Fidicin 1856, 39 and the German Biographical Nobility Repertory [DBAR] at Inst. Dt. Nobility research compiled.
  25. ↑ The son of Thiemos, Eckehard I. von Schrapelau, called von Eichstedt (ad Unstrut) was the first to use this addition to the family name, probably corresponding to his manor in Thuringia. The line of those on Eichstedt an der Unstrut between Schrapelau and Eisleben derives itself in a daring construction from the high nobility and leads back via Charlemagne to the Franconian kings Childerich and Grundwig - which in terms of the self-worth of those of Eickstedt in the Uckermark is not to be ignored.
  26. ↑ Graf von Ballenstedt (* around 1100, † November 18, 1170; cf. Ludat, H .: Albrecht der Bär. In: Lexikon des Mittelalters 1, Stuttgart / Weimar 2000, 316-317). Already since 1128 Margrave of the Nordmark and from 1134 enfeoffed with the majority of today's Altmark, this took over the inheritance of Pribislaw-Heinrich in 1150/57 and expanded the Ascanian sphere of influence up to the Havel-Nuthe-Line (cf. Kirsch 1999, 84) . Albrecht, unsuccessful in the fight against the Guelphs , had renounced Saxony in 1141 and concentrated his efforts on the North Mark , since he had his sphere of interest in the Elbe-Oder region and through a contract of inheritance with Pribislav of Brandenburg between 1142 and 1147 and the expulsion of Wirikind's heirs from Havelberg the later Mark Brandenburg at the beginning of the turning crusade backed up (in 1147) and from 1144 in the hand of his co-regent I. Otto had subsided. This sovereignty on Slavic soil was finally sealed by the expulsion of Jaxas from Koepenick in 1157, who had claimed the successor to Pribislav.
  27. ↑ In the 16th century, the name Eichstedt and Ecsthede, which goes back to the place on the Unstrut, was used on maps and in the tax register.
  28. ↑ The hypothesis of origin from the Stendal district is rather unlikely - according to K. Kirsch after Enders (Kirsch 2004, 368 / cat. 461) - it could only be a family station, especially since the headquarters in the Uckermark are the parent company of the Family applies (Fidicin 1856, 39).
  29. ↑ See place names, see Henker 2007, 27; arch.-hist. Relationships: Enders 1987, 138-150.
  30. ↑ . In relation to the Pomeranian domination in the 12th century about 934 mentioned herein ukrani (executioner in 2007, 27, 1985 Herrmann, S8); arch.-hist. Relationships: Enders 1987, 150–176.
  31. ↑ See Enders 1986, 230 f.
  32. ↑ The diversified parts of both families settled in many places in the Uckermark and thanks to a clever marriage policy (including von Greiffenberg, von der Osten, von Schwerin, von Wussow, von Sparr) the stock of goods expanded considerably into modern times (e.g. B. with Klempenow, Rothenklempenow, Ziemkendorf, Glasow, Kesow, Tantow, Hohenholz, Radekow, Lebehne, Wollin, Damme). The division of families and property seems to have led to an impoverishment of the branches in Eickstedt itself. Occasionally they resorted to a predatory economy / robber baronism, which is not uncommon on the border between Mecklenburg and Brandenburg , for which u. a. Dubslav III. von Eickstedt had to be brought to justice in Prenzlau in 1327 . The entire region was notorious for its robbers during the 14th century. The standing and not least the derivation from the high nobility enabled Dubslav to return to his mansion unmolested.
  33. ↑ The Zollern held with Burgrave Friedrich VI in 1412 . as the supreme administrator of King Sigismund in the march and were long feud with the local nobility.
  34. ↑ See Holger Grönwald, report on the archaeological investigation within the framework of the BV Sanierung und Umbau des Gutshaus Eickstedt (see above), activity no .: UBO 2005: 084, subject catalog no .: 2005-1267.
  35. ↑ ZB with Valentin von Eickstedt (1527–1579), Chancellery (1545), Chancellor (1558) and Governor; Marcus von Eickstedt († 1661), lawyer; Samuel David von Eickstedt (* 1687); Theodor von Eickstedt (* 1818 in Wittstock); Vivigentz Otto von Eickstedt (mentioned 1736/40), OberGerRat; Otto Vivellence von Eickstedt (mentioned in 1740, 1756/57, 1763/66, 1766/69), governor of the Uckermark; Vollrath Alexander von Eickstedt (* 1762); Philipp Gustav Wedig Freiherr von Eickstedt (* 1772), captain; Kurmärkische Lehnakten 1586–1798… ​​(German Biographical Nobility Repertory [DBAR] at the Institute for German Nobility Research).
  36. ↑ A reversal of the phenomenon that the names of stately seats are used in surnames and gender names - after only first names were used and inherited until the 11th century.
  37. ↑ Both castle inventory page no longer available , search in web archives: burgeninventar.de as well as the "Kunstdenkmäler in Brandenburg" (Brandenburgischer Provinzialverband (Hrg.): Kunstdenkmäler der Provinz Brandenburg. Berlin 1909) and Dehio (Dehio Brandenburg 2000, 259–260) only mention the manor house.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.burgeninventar.de
  38. ↑ See Breitling 2005, 16, R. Schulz stated in 1998: "In the lower Oder region, no castle research has taken place so far."; Schulz, 211.
  39. ↑ See Enders 1986, 231; already in 1608 three knights (Matz, Bernd and Jochen) were mentioned - however without explicit mentioning of different seats, which is why E. Fidicin, who himself has two seats for the 15th century, assumed only one location (Fidicin 1856, 39).
  40. ↑ The entire manor complex, comprising the manor house, ancillary and farm buildings, is listed next to the church, including the older cellar, in the list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg / Uckermark district (as of December 10, 2004).