Emma Ritter (painter)

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Emma Knight (* 18th December 1878 in Vechta , Grand Duchy of Oldenburg ; † 23. March 1972 in Oldenburg ) was a German painter of Expressionism .

Life

Emma Ritter was born in Vechta and grew up in Oldenburg, the capital and residence of the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg . Her father was the chief physician at the Peter Friedrich Ludwigs Hospital in Oldenburg. On the recommendation of the Oldenburg artist Marie Stein-Ranke Emma Knight began in 1898 with the study of painting at the painting school of Willy Spatz in Dusseldorf , who from 1903 to 1905 in Berlin in which a member of the Berlin Secession , Lovis Corinth , and then at Theodor Hummel continued in Munich .

From 1909 to 1912 Emma Ritter spent a few summer stays in Dangast , a small North Sea resort and fishing village on the Jade Bay . Here she got to know the Brücke artists Karl Schmidt-Rottluff , Erich Heckel and Max Pechstein , who regularly withdrew in the summer from 1907 to 1912 to the quiet, secluded coastal region there.

She was very impressed by the works of the Brücke artists and was the first German artist to make contact with Expressionism . She took lessons from Schmidt-Rottluff, who also portrayed her and created several works for her. Schmidt-Rottluff had a strong influence on the works she created during this time, especially the woodcuts created by Emma Ritter . Emma Ritter had a close friendship with him and his future wife Emy.

The lively artistic activities in this place led to the first joint exhibition of their work in Oldenburg in 1910.

Emma Ritter was based in Berlin from 1911 to 1920 and was in regular contact with Schmidt-Rottluff, Heckel and Pechstein. Through these contacts she got to know other artists such as Lyonel Feininger and Otto Mueller in Berlin . With Lyonel Feininger, who got to know the technique of woodcut through Emma Ritter, and his wife Julia, Emma Ritter had a close friendship until the end of her life. When Schmidt-Rottluff was called up for military service, she moved into his no longer needed studio .

In 1921 she had to turn her back on the art metropolis of Berlin because her mother was seriously ill in Oldenburg. The care of the mother lasted until her death in 1939. She spent the first years of the Second World War with a nephew in Wanne-Eickel in the Ruhr area and in the Weserbergland .

In 1942 she moved back to Berlin to the Wilhelm-Stift in the district of Charlottenburg . In one of the numerous bombing raids in 1943, her apartment and with it all of her artistic work were almost completely destroyed. This included many works of art she had collected from her artist friends.

In autumn 1946 she returned to Oldenburg, where she lived and worked until her death. From June 2 to June 30, 1957, almost 50 years after the first exhibition in Oldenburg, the Dangaster work of the artists Karl Schmidt-Rottluff, Erich Heckel, Max Pechstein and Emma Ritter was taken over by the curator at the State Museum for Art and Cultural History Oldenburg , Gerhard Wietek , was honored in an extensive exhibition in the Oldenburg Palace. This exhibition with the title "Painter of the Bridge in Dangast 1907 to 1912" made an important contribution to the discovery of the art-historical significance of the small North Sea resort of Dangast.

Emma Ritter was a member of the German Association of Artists and of the BBK, the "Association of Visual Artists", in Oldenburg and took part in exhibitions even in old age. She died on March 23, 1972 at the age of 94 in Oldenburg and is buried in the Gertrudenfriedhof there.

On January 20, 2019, an episode of the NDR's Lieb & Teuer program was broadcast, moderated by Janin Ullmann and filmed in Reinbek Castle . In it, an oil painting by Emma Ritter showing a reading man was discussed with the painting expert Ariane Skora.

Works (selection)

painting

  • around 1911: Brickworks , Lower Saxony State Museum for Art and Cultural History , Oldenburg
  • 1912: Still life with apples, Lower Saxony State Museum for Art and Cultural History, Oldenburg
  • 1916: Steep coast on Rügen, Lower Saxony State Museum for Art and Cultural History, Oldenburg

Woodcuts

  • 1910: Ships in the Watt , Lower Saxony State Museum for Art and Cultural History, Oldenburg
  • 1912: High gable , Lower Saxony State Museum for Art and Cultural History, Oldenburg
  • 1912: Flood , Lower Saxony State Museum for Art and Cultural History, Oldenburg
  • 1912: Shipyard , Lower Saxony State Museum for Art and Cultural History, Oldenburg

literature

  • Jörg Michael Henneberg: Emma Ritter and Gerhard Wietek - Correspondence 1956–1972: on the rediscovery of an artist of German Expressionism . Isensee Verlag, Oldenburg 2003, ISBN 3-89995-014-3 .
  • Meike Hoffmann : Life and work of the artist group »Brücke« 1905–1913. Verlag Dietrich Reimer / Verlag Gebrüder Mann, 2005, ISBN 3496013311 .
  • Claus Peukert (ed.): Expressionists in Dangast. Watercolors and drawings. Karl Schmidt-Rottluft, Erich Heckel, Max Pechstein, Emma Ritter and Franz Radziwill. Exhibition catalog Franz Radziwill Haus, Dangast 1997, ISBN 3-89598-545-7 .
  • Gerhard Wietek : Emma-Ritter and her relationship to the painting of German Expressionism . In: Oldenburger Jahrbuch Vol. 58/1, Oldenburg 1959, pp. 1–28.
  • Gerhard Wietek: Schmidt-Rottluff. Oldenburg years 1907–1912 . Mainz 1995
  • Gerd Presler, Die Brücke, roro TB 50642, pp. 112–116. ISBN 978-3-499-50642-0

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Udo Elerd: A Bavarian lake in Oldenburg. In “Kulturland Oldenburg - Journal of the Oldenburg Landscape ”, issue 1.2015, no. 163, page 36
  2. ↑ Feininger what Introduced to woodcut by Schmidt-Rottluff's friend Emma Knight.
  3. ↑ kuenstlerbund.de: Full members of the German Association of Artists since it was founded in 1903 / Ritter, Emma ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed December 18, 2015)  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kuenstlerbund.de
  4. ↑ Video oil painting by Emma Ritter on ndr.de
  5. ↑ Information about the episode on ndr.de
personal data
SURNAME Knight, Emma
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German expressionist painter
DATE OF BIRTH December 18, 1878
PLACE OF BIRTH Vechta
DATE OF DEATH March 23, 1972
Place of death Oldenburg