Angel helms

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Angel helms
municipality Künzell
Coordinates: 50 ° 31 '6 "  N , 9 ° 42' 28"  E
Height : 288 m above sea level NHN
Area : 2.13 km²
Residents : 1977  (Dec. 31, 2013)
Population density : 928 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : April 1, 1972
Postal code : 36093
Area code : 0661

Engelhelms is a district of Künzell south-west of the East Hessian city ​​of Fulda and can look back on over 1500 years of history.

geography

Geographical location

The place is embedded in the valley of the Wernau between the Florenberg and the Gehrenberg.

Neighboring communities

The neighboring towns are Edelzell in the north, Pilgerzell in the northeast, Eichenzell in the southwest and Bronnzell (a district of Fulda ) in the west .

history

Pre-Christian time

Bronze Age barrows are the oldest evidence of settlement at Steinhauck . On the ridge of the Gehrenberg between Engelhelms and Schloss Fasanerie, a long-distance path ran in pre-Franconian times, coming from the Wetterau , in the direction of Hohe Rhön with the goal of Thuringia and Grabfeld .

In the 5th century a homestead of a member of the Angling people was built in an area deserted and devastated by the Germanic migration . The name Engelhelms is derived from this: as a protector of the angling or as a protective dwelling for the angling. In the following years, a small settlement at the foot of the Florenberg grew around the Angilhelm farm .

middle Ages

In 743 the Fuldaer Land was subordinated to the Fulda monastery of Bonifatius , the court owner Engilhelm had to do military service. Around 900 Abbot Huoggi (891–915) built the first church on the Florenberg. A short time later this was given a defensive wall to protect it from Hungarian troops.

The following centuries were marked by attacking robber barons and multiple changes of ownership. In 1267 Theodericus, the deputy pastor of Florenberg, was murdered. On the opposite bank of the Wernau, colloquially also called Mühlbach , another village was built, An der Breit , but - possibly because of the plague - it was abandoned again in 1396 and became a desert .

At the beginning of the 15th century, Johann Brutegam and Werner Brunchinrod fought over the position of pastor. Pope Martin V gave the property to Brunchinrod in 1427.

Modern times

From 1511 to 1515 the fourth church building was built on the Florenberg. It was badly damaged in the Thirty Years War . After the war, a school was set up next to the church.

A so-called Salbuch has been preserved from 1708 , in which the exact ownership structure is recorded. There is talk of five half farms, simple hackers and a mill, due to the division of inheritance. The mill farmer had the right to dam the stream flowing past with a weir . Hence the name of the Wernau is derived.

The Napoleonic troops, which passed through 1806–1813, used up so many supplies that the population starved and two sacks of potatoes were exchanged for one field. A hundred years later, graves with remains of French uniforms and swords were found during construction work on the Florenberg.

After the abolition of serfdom and compulsory labor in 1808, the peasants were better off because they no longer had to pay taxes to the authorities. Agriculture in Engelhelm was difficult, as described in a tax register from 1866. Accordingly, the fields were steep and the earth was washed away in heavy rain, the meadows were too wet due to the harsh climate. Therefore the farmers hired themselves in other professions on the side.

In 1909 the school on the Florenberg was closed and the children were taught in the restaurant Zur Kühlen Quelle , built in 1890 . In 1920 Engelhelms was connected to the electricity network.

Second World War

On November 26, 1944, Schloss Fasanerie was bombed and suffered considerable damage.

Two further attacks on the site on February 6 and March 17, 1945 killed 21 people. In the second bombing raid on March 17, 1945, there were 12 dead and several buildings to complain about. There were five children among the dead. According to eyewitness reports, there were around 400 bombs that fell in the area.

Reorganization

On April 1, 1972, Engelhelms became part of the municipality of Künzell as part of the regional reform in Hesse .

Population development

  • 747: 00008 inhabitants
  • 1811: 0211 inhabitants
  • 1895: 0279 inhabitants
  • 1925: 0315 inhabitants
  • 1940: 0397 inhabitants
  • 1950: 0582 inhabitants
  • 1961: 0711 inhabitants
  • 1966: 1000 inhabitants
  • 1970: 1078 inhabitants
  • 1976: 1494 inhabitants
  • 2001: 2163 inhabitants
  • 2005: 2051 inhabitants
  • 2008: 2068 inhabitants
  • 2013: 1977 inhabitants

coat of arms

The coat of arms was approved on July 2, 1969 by the Hessian Ministry of the Interior.

Blazon : "In the split shield in front a black cross in silver and behind in blue a triple silver lily."

The black cross comes from the coat of arms of the Hochstift Fulda .

Attractions

The fortified church on the Florenberg (Florakirche), a few minutes' walk above Engelhelms and belonging to the district, offers a wonderful view over Fulda and the Hessian Rhön. The surrounding defensive wall probably dates from the 10th century, the church tower from the 14th century and the nave from 1515. The fortified church is believed by some researchers to be the oldest in Germany.

The Fasanerie , one kilometer south of Engelhelms located, considered the most beautiful baroque castle Hessian. It was built in 1740 under Prince-Bishop Amand von Buseck as a summer residence and hunting lodge; the builder was Andreas Gallasini . In 1816 it fell to the Elector Wilhelm II of Hessen-Kassel and was partially redesigned in a classical style by his successor in 1825.

Today it is administered by the Hessian House Foundation of Moritz Friedrich Karl Prince and Landgrave of Hesse and is open to the public. In 60 rooms, baroque arts and crafts, Empire furniture and an extensive porcelain collection show a cross-section of almost 200 years of courtly living culture.

The surrounding one hundred hectare park is partly baroque and partly English style and contains a Chinese garden house, a restaurant, riding facilities and a non-public wildlife park.

Personalities

  • Johannes Hack (1875–1950), teacher and local history researcher

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Engelhelms, District of Fulda. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of September 18, 2015). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Population statistics of the Fulda district , accessed in September 2015.
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 394 .
  4. ^ Approval of a coat of arms of the Engelhelms community, Fulda district, Kassel district dated July 2, 1969 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1969 No. 29 , p. 1228 , point 992 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 4.3 MB ]).
  5. ↑ Schloss Fasanerie