Church of the Redeemer (Detmold)

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Church of the Redeemer in Detmold

The Evangelical Reformed Church of the Redeemer in Detmold , also known as the Market Church, is a late Gothic church building. It is the seat of the state superintendent and thus the main church of the Lippe regional church . The church is the only medieval building in the city that has been preserved almost unchanged.

history

City view of Detmold by Matthäus Merian , 1647

Today's Church of the Redeemer was formerly called Vituskirche and was probably founded as early as around 800 as the original church of the Theotmalli district. Remains of the wall of a church tower from the 10th century were discovered within the west wall of the central nave of today's church. The east choir was built around 1300, while towards the end of the 14th century the west yoke was expanded to the north and south. At the beginning of the 13th century, the church belonged to the Archdiaconate Paderborn , was then independent from 1264 and joined the Archidiaconate Lemgo in the 14th century . In 1511, the Lords of Lippe moved their main residence to Detmold and were the most prominent worshipers in the parish church. In 1536 Simon von Exter was the last Catholic and first Lutheran pastor of Detmold. In 1605, Count Simon VI , who turned to Calvinism, led . adopted the Reformed Confession and from that point on filled pastoral posts that became vacant exclusively with Reformed pastors. Since then, the Church of the Redeemer, located between the castle and the market square, has been the church of the Reformed community. The church received its last form after the devastating city fire on January 26, 1547, while maintaining the Gothic style. After the church tower on the south side had been erected from 1564 to 1592, two tower guards were hired around 1596 to live as fire watchers in the tower.

Towards the end of the 19th century, the members of the Reformed town and country community of Detmolds totaled around 13,000 people. The parish church on the market square was the only church available to them, but it only had 1,300 seats. In 1903 the Reformed community of Detmold split into a town and a rural community. The rural community kept the parish church on the market square, while the Christ Church on Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz was built for the city community . However, the former market church was only given the name Erlöserkirche in 1947.

architecture

Gerkammer

The three-aisled late Gothic hall church of the Westphalian type dates from the 16th century, has a rectangular, east-facing choir and a south-facing tower built from 1564 onwards, which was given a Renaissance helmet in 1592 . The four-storey square tower is 46 m high up to the top of the helmet. The base is set off by a strong incline, while the individual floors are marked by Gothic cornices .

The 24.7 m wide and 18 m long interior has a simple Calvinist design and is dominated by two short, mighty pillars that support the vault in addition to corresponding wall templates. From the wall in the west to the choir in the east, three bays can be seen, while the room is separated to the south and north by two bays decorated with keystones . Five of the keystones were designed in 1957 by the artist Karl Ehlers from Lippe in the form of glass mosaics.

Furnishing

The pointed arched late Gothic windows in the choir and in the west wall resemble a four-leaf clover in the upper part. The youngest window is on the north side and is a gift from the last reigning Prince Leopold IV , as can be seen from the inscription. On the north side of the choir arch is the approximately 1 m high baptismal font from 1579, which is designed in the form of a cup. It is decorated with a leaf tendril relief, its shaft has twisted fluting and the brass bowl bears an inscription in Low German (Titus 3, verses 5-6). On the south side of the choir is the ebony-colored, carved Baroque pulpit from the second half of the 17th century. The five-sided pulpit rests on a simple round column and above it is a hexagonal sound cover .

The tower room of the church contains two epitaphs that are worth seeing , which are reminiscent of old noble families from Lippe. On the west side of the tower is the dark tones epitaph of Margarete von Schwarz , b. von Kerssenbrock (died 1567). To the side of it you can see the coat of arms of the Schwarz and Kerssenbrock families. Presumably it is an early work by the Lemgo master Hermann Wulff from the years 1567/68. The second epitaph is Anna von Zerssen , b. Werpup (died 1586), and her family and is decorated with a rich coat of arms.

A Gerkammer built on the north side of the choir served as the burial place of the Lippe house from 1629 to 1854 . Persistent lack of space made it necessary that coffins were partially stacked or moved into the cellar. This ultimately led to the former grotto on the Friedrichstaler Canal being converted into a mausoleum for the Princely House.

organ

Oestreich organ

On the west gallery stands the organ with a richly structured late Baroque prospectus , which was built in 1795 by the famous organ builder Johann-Markus Oestreich and thoroughly renovated and expanded in 1962. The instrument has 40 registers (around 2,500 pipes ) on three manuals and a pedal . The playing and stop actions are mechanical.

I main work C–

Bourdon 16 ′
Principal 8th'
Gemshorn 8th'
Unda maris 8th'
Reed flute 8th'
Octave 4 ′
Pointed flute 4 ′
Dumped 4 ′
Fifth 2 23
Octave 2 ′
Cornet IV
Mixture III-IV 2 ′
Cymbel III 1'
Trumpet 8th'
II upper structure C–
Dumped 8th'
Quintatön 8th'
Salicional 8th'
Octave 4 ′
Dous flute 4 ′
Octave 2 ′
Flageolet 2 ′
Fifth flute 1 13
Mixture III 1'
Krummhorn 8th'
Tremulant
III Rückpositiv C–
Pipe pommer 8th'
Coupling flute 4 ′
Rohrnasat 2 23
third 1 35
Rejoicing whistle II 1'
Head shelf 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C–
Principal bass 16 ′
Sub-bass 16 ′
Octavbass 8th'
Dacked bass 8th'
Octave 4 ′
Schwiegelpfeife 2 ′
Mixture V 2 23
trombone 16 ′
Trumpet 8th'
Trumpet 4 ′
  • Coupling : II / I, III / I, I / P, II / P, III / P

Bells

The big bell, called the fire bell , cast by Hans Rabe in 1568, Ton es ′, could be saved in both the First and Second World Wars ; it is the oldest bell in town. The second bell was melted down during the First World War. Since 2005, the new takes its place peace bell of the bell foundry Rincker weighing 1,200 kg weight and tone f '.

literature

  • Otto Gaul: Architectural and art monuments of Westphalia - city of Detmold. Aschendorffsche Verlagsbuchhandlung Münster: 1968.
  • Marianna Heldmann: The Erlöserkirche or the Church on the Market in Detmold, Detmold: 1991.
  • Christian Kuhnke: Lippe Lexicon . Boken Verlag, Detmold 2000. ISBN 3-935454-00-7
  • Karl Baedeker (Ed.): Detmold - Short City Guide . Karl Baedeker, Freiburg 1974.

See also

Web links

Commons : Erlöserkirche (Detmold)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b Karl Baedeker (Ed.): Detmold - Short City Guide . Karl Baedeker, Freiburg 1974.
  2. ^ Lippischer Heimatbund: Lippische Kulturlandschaften - The Christ Church in Detmold. Pp. 6-7.
  3. a b c History of the Church of the Redeemer , accessed on January 19, 2016
  4. Burkhard Meier: Churches - Monasteries - Mausoleums: The gravesites of the houses Lippe and Schaumburg-Lippe (=  special publications of the Natural Science and Historical Association for the Land of Lippe . Volume 46 ). heka-Verlag, Leopoldshöhe 1996, ISBN 3-928700-28-6 , p. 34-39 .
  5. More details on the history of the Austrian organ
  6. Peace Bell

Coordinates: 51 ° 56 ′ 7.1 ″  N , 8 ° 52 ′ 43.6 ″  E