Ernst to Mecklenburg

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Ernst zu Mecklenburg, portrait by Johann Zoffany (1772), Royal Collection

Ernst, Duke of Mecklenburg [-Strelitz] (born August 27, 1742 in Mirow , † January 27, 1814 in Neustrelitz ; full name: Ernst Gottlob Albrecht, Duke of Mecklenburg ), commonly known as Prince Ernst , was a member of the ducal house of Mecklenburg -Strelitz and royal großbritannisch - kurbraunschweig-lüneburgischer officer last field marshal .

Life

Prince Ernst was the third son of Prince Karl (Ludwig Friedrich) and Elisabeth Albertine , born in Mirow . Princess of Saxony-Hildburghausen . Two of his brothers became regents of Mecklenburg-Strelitz : Adolf Friedrich IV. And Karl II. , His sister (Sophie) Charlotte became the wife of Georg III. Queen of Great Britain .

From 1758 to 1760 he went on a grand tour with his brother Karl . In 1761 he accompanied his sister to London. He is said to have fallen in love with Mary Eleanor Bowes there; however, his association with the then richest heiress in the country met with resistance from the king.

Charlotte with her brothers and children; Painting by Johann Zoffany (1771/72), Royal Collection
The Palais Mecklenburg in Celle, built around 1770

Ernst left England. George III appointed him in 1763 as governor of Celle and at the same time his brother Karl as governor of Hanover. On Good Friday in 1764 he became godfather to one of Bengal originating slaves , who had been "given" his sister. Since it was founded, he was an honorary member of the Celle Agricultural Society . After 1766 he had the Celle Prinzengarten and the Palais Am Prinzengarten 2 (until the end of February 2013 the German Embroidery Museum) built into his country residence.

1771/2 he stayed to visit with his sister and was sponsored by Ernst August I . On October 20, 1772, Ernst took in Georg's sister Caroline Mathilde in Celle after her divorce from Christian VII . On May 25th of this year he was appointed lieutenant general .

In the course of the First Coalition War (1792-1797), Prince Ernst was in 1795 commander of the Electorate of Hanover troops in Oldenburg and in the Duchy of Bremen , which acted as an observation army after the establishment of the Batavian Republic and the conclusion of the Peace of Basel in April 1795 between France and Prussia Northwest Germany drawn demarcation line secured. This line ran from the mouth of the Ems in East Friesland via the bishopric of Münster , the county of Mark , Höchst , Hessen-Darmstadt , Franconia to Saxony and Silesia . As for the continuation of the war between France and England, the Bishopric of Münster and spa Hannover seemed threatened, decided Prussia to the penetration of the French to avoid in these areas, the demarcation line with an army of 40,000 men from Prussia and kurhannoverschen troops consisting of occupy and so secure. In this context, the Free Imperial City of Bremen was occupied by the troops under his command. It was not until the Hildesheim Congress that the situation in northern Germany eased to a certain extent. In 1799 Ernst received the highest Prussian order, the Order of the Black Eagle, for his military cooperation with Prussia .

In 1802 Prince Ernst, meanwhile General of the Infantry and Head of the 8th Infantry Regiment , became Governor of Hanover. When he retired from military service on November 26, 1802 he was given the character of a field marshal.

He had been a Freemason since 1768 and belonged to the lodge Zum brightly shining star in Celle .

Schloßstraße 2 (status 2014)

Ernst, who was never married, spent the last years of his life in Neustrelitz, where he lived in the Prinz-Ernst-Palais, named after him, at Schloßstraße 2 (today the Kunsthaus ).

Prince Ernst was buried in the royal crypt in Mirow . The Rostock box to the three stars held a funeral box for him.

Awards

literature

  • Grete Grewolls: Who was who in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. The dictionary of persons . Hinstorff Verlag, Rostock 2011, ISBN 978-3-356-01301-6 , p. 2580 .

Web links

Commons : Ernst zu Mecklenburg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ernst Christian Georg Köhler: Ode to the happy arrival of the two [...] princes [...] Carls and Ernstens after a two-year journey [...] , Berlin: Michaelis 1760
  2. ↑ Marcus Köhler: The courtyards of Hanover and Neustrelitz around 1760 ( Memento of the original from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF file; 95 kB), accessed on August 31, 2012 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hs-nb.de
  3. ↑ Andreas Lazarus von Imhof: Newly opened historical picture hall, that is: Kurtze, clear and unpassioned description of the Historiae Universalis ... Volume 14, Nuremberg: Seitz 1766, p. 902
  4. ↑ Festschrift for the secular celebration of the Royal Agricultural Society. Hanover: Klindworth 1864, p. 50
  5. ↑ After: Andreas Wirsching : The last "rest of the north". Prussia's policy of neutrality and relations with France 1795-1806 , in: Klaus Hildebrand, Udo Wengst , Andreas Wirsching (ed.): History and Knowledge of Time: From the Enlightenment to the Present. Festschrift for the 65th birthday of Horst Möller. Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag 2008 ISBN 9783486585070 , pp. 67–82, here p. 74
  6. ↑ State and learned newspaper of the Hamburg impartial correspondent of November 30, 1802 ( digitized version )
  7. ↑ FM personalities in Celle ( Memento of the original from June 7, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.freimaurer-celle.de
  8. ↑ See cantata, performed at the death celebration of the Trans. Prince Ernst Gottlob Albrecht, heart. to Mecklenburg-Strelitz. Set to music for the L. to the three stars of Br. Soal. Rostock 1814.
  9. ↑ Johann Heinrich Friedrich Berlien: The Elephant Order and its knights. Copenhagen: self-published 1846, pp. 114–115
personal data
SURNAME Ernst to Mecklenburg
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ernst Gottlob Albrecht, Duke of Mecklenburg (full name); Ernst, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (wrong name form)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Member of the ducal house of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and royal British-Hanoverian officer, most recently field marshal
DATE OF BIRTH August 27, 1742
PLACE OF BIRTH Mirow
DATE OF DEATH January 27, 1814
Place of death Neustrelitz