Sloup rock castle

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Einsiedlerstein 1831
Einsiedlerstein
View to the rock castle Sloup

The rock castle Sloup (German: Einsiedlerstein , also Bürgstein ) is the most important rock castle in Northern Bohemia ( Czech Republic ). She was in a stand-alone sandstone cliffs built, which is 40 meters above the valley floor of the Dobranovský Potok midst of the congregation Sloup ( Bürgstein ) rises. The castle rock is the largest free-standing rock in the Bürgstein-Schwoikaer Switzerland .

history

The castle probably dates from the late 13th century when it was built by the Ronauers to protect Leipaer Straße; the name is probably derived from "Birkenstein". In the 14th century it came to the Berka von Dubá lords , to whom it belonged until 1412. After that it was briefly owned by the North Bohemian nobleman Hans von Warnsdorf . During the Hussite period, the Bohemian nobleman Mikeš Pancíř took possession of the castle. In 1445 he had to surrender to the army of the Six Cities League after leading several raids against Upper Lusatia. In 1471 his sons sold the castle again to the Berka von Dubá. After Adam Berka died in 1607, his widow Anna remarried. The rock castle passed into the possession of Johann Abraham von Saalhausen from Meißen, whose brother Wolf later took it over. After the Battle of the White Mountain , Wolf von Saalhausen had to leave Bohemia because he and his brother were hostile to the Catholic Habsburgs. The castle has been uninhabited since 1596 and in 1639 it was set on fire by the Swedes during the reign of Zdeněk Lev Libštejnský .

From 1690 the castle became a hermitage under Count Ferdinand Hroznata von Kokořovský. Until 1785, the castle was the home of hermits , who significantly expanded and rebuilt the caves, tunnels and halls in the rock. The name Einsiedlerstein , which is used today, is derived from this. The six names of hermits who stayed here were:

  • Constantine (builder, the structural changes probably came from him),
  • Wenceslaus / Vaclav (painter, brother of Constantine),
  • Jakob Borovanský,
  • Anton Hölzel (from 1720),
  • Samuel Görner (glass lens grinder, from 1735) and
  • Anton Müller (weaver, from Reichstadt / Zákupy).

In 1785 Emperor Josef II closed the hermitage.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the castle complex was opened to the public.

Web links

Commons : Felsenburg Sloup  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

literature

  • Andreas Bültemeier: Hikes. Lusatian Mountains and Bohemian Netherlands. Oberlausitzer Verlag, Spitzkunnersdorf 2002, ISBN 3-933827-29-9 .

Coordinates: 50 ° 44 ′ 8 ″  N , 14 ° 34 ′ 50 ″  E