Rock carnations

Rock carnations
	Sprouting rock carnation ( Petrorhagia prolifera )
Systematics
Class :	Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
	Eudicotyledons
	Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order :	Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family :	Carnation family (Caryophyllaceae)
Genre :	Rock carnations
Scientific name
	Petrorhagia
	( Ser. Ex DC. ) Link

The rock carnations ( Petrorhagia ) are a genus of plants within the carnation family (Caryophyllaceae). The 29 to 30 species are distributed from Europe and North Africa across West to Central Asia. The rock carnations resemble the closely related genus gypsum herbs ( Gypsophila ).

description

Flowers from the side in detail of Petrorhagia obcordata

Illustration from Flora Batava , Volume 4 of Sprouting Rock Carnation ( Petrorhagia prolifera )

Ripe capsule fruits and seeds of the saxifrage rock carnation ( Petrorhagia saxifraga )

Vegetative characteristics

In Petrorhagia TYPES comes to annual or perennial herbaceous plants .

Generative characteristics

The flowers stand together in inflorescences in the form of panicles or in head-like shortened dichasias and are surrounded by outer calyx scales or bracts. The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope. As members of the subfamily of the Caryophylloideae , their sepals are fused. The five petals are reddish or white. Each flower contains ten free stamens and two styles.

The capsule fruits open with four teeth.

Systematics and distribution

The name was first published in 1824 as the section Gypsophila sect. Petrorhagia Ser. by Nicolas Charles Seringe in Augustin-Pyrame de Candolle : Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis , 1, page 354; thus within the genus Gypsophila . The rank of a genus Petrorhagia (Ser. Ex DC.) Link was published in 1831 by Heinrich Friedrich Link in Handbook for the Recognition of the Most Usable and Most Frequently Occurring Plants , 2, page 235. Other synonyms for Petrorhagia (Ser. Ex DC.) Link are: Tunica Mert. & WDJKoch , Kohlrauschia Kunth .

The main distribution area of the species found in the Mediterranean . There are two types in Germany.

Petrorhagia dubia

Petrorhagia nanteuilii

Sprouting rock carnation ( Petrorhagia prolifera )

Saxifrage rock carnation ( Petrorhagia saxifraga )

There are 29 to 30 types of rock carnations ( Petrorhagia ):

Petrorhagia alpina (Hablitz) PWBall & Heywood : It occurs in Bulgaria , Turkey and Armenia .
Petrorhagia arabica (Boiss.) PWBall : It occurs in Egypt , on the Sinai Peninsula and in the area of Israel , Jordan , Syria and Lebanon .
Petrorhagia armerioides (Ser.) PWBall & Heywood : It occurs in Greece , on islands in the Aegean Sea and in Turkey.
Petrorhagia candica P.W.Ball & Heywood : It is endemic to Crete .
Petrorhagia cretica (L.) PWBall & Heywood : It occurs in Greece, Cyprus , Turkey, Armenia , Transcaucasia and in the area of Israel, Jordan, Syria and Lebanon.
Petrorhagia cyrenaica (EADurand & Barratte) PWBall & Heywood : It occurs in Libya .
Petrorhagia dianthoides (Sm.) PWBall & Heywood : She is endemic to Crete.
Petrorhagia dubia (Raf.) G.López & Romo (Syn .: Petrorhagia velutina (cast.) PWBall & Heywood ): She is in Morocco , Algeria , Tunisia , Libya, Portugal , Spain , France , Italy , Bulgaria , on the Balkan Peninsula ,widely usedin Turkey , Cyprus, Israel, Jordan, Syria and Lebanon .
Petrorhagia fasciculata (Margot & Reuter) PWBall & Heywood : It occurs in Greece and Crete.
Petrorhagia glumacea (Chaub. & Bory) PWBall & Heywood : It occurs in Hungary , Croatia , Greece and Macedonia .
Petrorhagia graminea (Sm.) PWBall & Heywood : It occurs in Greece.
Petrorhagia grandiflora Iatroú : It occurs in Greece.
Petrorhagia hispidula (Boiss. & Heldr.) PWBall & Heywood : It occurs in Turkey.
Petrorhagia illyrica (Ard.) PWBall & Heywood : It iswidespreadin southeastern Europe , the Mediterranean region and in North Africa.
Petrorhagia kennedyae (ABJacks. & Turrill) PWBall & Heywood : This endemic occurs only in Cyprus.
Petrorhagia lycica (PHDavis) PWBall & Heywood : It occurs in Turkey.
Petrorhagia nanteuilii (Burnat) PWBall & Heywood : It is native to Morocco, Algeria, Portugal, Spain, France, Italy and England . It is a neophyte in North America, Argentina, Japan, Australia, Madeira and the Canary Islands.
Petrorhagia obcordata (Margot & Reut.) Greuter & Burdet : It occurs in Albania, Croatia, Greece and Turkey.
Petrorhagia ochroleuca (Sibth. & Sm.) PWBall & Heywood : It occurs in Greece.
Petrorhagia pamphylica (Boiss. & Balansa) PWBall & Heywood : It occurs in Turkey.
Petrorhagia peroninii (Boiss.) PWBall & Heywood : It occurs in Turkey.
Petrorhagia phthiotica (Boiss. & Heldr.) PWBall & Heywood : It occurs in Greece.
Sprouting rock carnation ( Petrorhagia prolifera (L.) PWBall & Heywood )
Petrorhagia rhiphaea (Pau & Font Quer) PWBall & Heywood : It occurs in Morocco.
Petrorhagia rigida (L.) Trinajstic : It occurs in the area of the former Yugoslavia .
Petrorhagia rupestris Brullo & Furnari : It occurs in Libya.
Saxifrage rock carnation ( Petrorhagia saxifraga (L.) Link )
Petrorhagia syriaca (Boiss.) Mouterde & Greuter : It occurs in Turkey and in the area of Syria and Lebanon.
Petrorhagia thessala (Boiss.) PWBall & Heywood : It occurs in Bulgaria, Macedonia and Greece.

use

Some species are used as ornamental plants . They are suitable for roof or rock gardens, on dry, gravel and gravel locations.

swell

Individual evidence

^ Petrorhagia at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed September 5, 2017.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z Karol Marhold: Caryophyllaceae. In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity , Berlin 2011 , last accessed on September 5, 2017.
↑ Panayiotis Dimopoulos, Thomas Raus, Erwin Bergmeier, Theophanis Constantinidis, Gregoris Iatrou, Stella Kokkini, Arne Strid, Dimitrios Tzanoudakis: Vascular Plants of Greece: An Annotated Checklist. (= Englera. 31). Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem / Hellenic Botanical Society, Berlin / Athens 2013, ISBN 978-3-921800-88-1 , p. 81.
^ ^A ^b Petrorhagia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved September 5, 2017.
↑ Robert Zander : Zander hand dictionary of plant names. Edited by Fritz Encke , Günther Buchheim, Siegmund Seybold . 15th edition, corrected reprint of the 14th edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-8001-5072-7 .

Web links

Commons : Rock Carnations ( Petrorhagia ) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Map with all linked sites: OSM | WikiMap

[Tropicos-1] Petrorhagia at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed September 5, 2017.

[Euro+Med-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z Karol Marhold: Caryophyllaceae. In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity , Berlin 2011 , last accessed on September 5, 2017.

[VPG-3] Panayiotis Dimopoulos, Thomas Raus, Erwin Bergmeier, Theophanis Constantinidis, Gregoris Iatrou, Stella Kokkini, Arne Strid, Dimitrios Tzanoudakis: Vascular Plants of Greece: An Annotated Checklist. (= Englera. 31). Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem / Hellenic Botanical Society, Berlin / Athens 2013, ISBN 978-3-921800-88-1 , p. 81.

[GRIN-4] A ^b Petrorhagia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved September 5, 2017.

[Zander1994-5] Robert Zander : Zander hand dictionary of plant names. Edited by Fritz Encke , Günther Buchheim, Siegmund Seybold . 15th edition, corrected reprint of the 14th edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-8001-5072-7 .