Naval fort Alteburg

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Naval fort Alteburg
limes Lower Germanic Limes
Dating (occupancy) Claudian - Neronian up to the 2nd half of the 3rd century
Type Fleet fort
unit Classis Germanica
size 6 to 7 ha
State of preservation invisible ground monument
place Cologne-Marienburg
Geographical location 50 ° 54 '15 "  N , 6 ° 58' 46"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 54 '15 "  N , 6 ° 58' 46"  E
height 40  m above sea level NHN
Previous Roman camp apud aram Ubiorum (northwest)
Subsequently Roman camp Wesseling (south)

The Alteburg naval fort was a Roman fort in Cologne-Marienburg , which served as the headquarters of the troops of the Classis Germanica , the Roman Rhine fleet .

Gravestone of L. Valerius Verecundus, who died in active service in the Cologne-Alteburg naval camp

Already in the early 1st century vexillations of the Legio I Germanica and Legio XX Valeria Victrix were stationed a few kilometers south of the Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium (Cologne) in Alteburg until the 1930s .

The naval fort was built in the time of Claudius around the middle of the 1st century AD. On an area of ​​around six to seven hectares , it should have provided space for more than a thousand people. The camp was destroyed in attacks by the Franks in AD 276 .

At the end of the 18th century, the Alteburger Mühle (An der Alteburger Mühle 6), which has been preserved to this day, was built on the site of the fort .

Larger excavations were carried out from 1926 to 1927 under the direction of Fritz Fremersdorf , further investigations in 1995/96 and 1998 by the Roman-Germanic Museum Cologne and the University of Cologne under the direction of Thomas Fischer .

literature

  • Antje Düerkop et al .: Dating finds from the 1998 excavations in the Alteburg fleet camp in Cologne. In: Kölner Jahrbuch 36, 2003, pp. 637–658.
  • Antje Düerkop, Pia Eschbaumer: The Terra Sigillata in the Roman fleet camp at the Alteburg in Cologne. Finds from the 1998 excavation . Leidorf, Rahden 2007, ISBN 3-89646-137-0 (= Cologne studies on the archeology of the Roman provinces . Volume 9).
  • Antje Düerkop: Terra Sigillata stamp from the Cologne-Marienburg fleet camp (Alteburg) . Johann Christian Senckenberg University Library, Frankfurt 2009.
  • Thomas Fischer : Recent research on the Roman fleet camp Cologne-Alteburg. In: Thomas Grünewald (Ed.): Germania inferior. Settlement, society and economy on the border of the Roman-Germanic world. de Gruyter, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-11-016969-X . ( Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde , supplementary volume 28), pp. 547-564.
  • Thomas Fischer: New excavations on the west side of the Roman naval camp Koln-Alteburg. BAR International Series 1084.2, 2002, pp. 904-912.
  • Thomas Fischer, Eva-Maria Cahn, Norbert Hanel : Selected types of small finds from the 1998 excavations in the fleet camp at the Alteburg in Cologne. In: Kölner Jahrbuch 36, 2003, pp. 683–711.
  • Thomas Fischer, Norbert Hanel: New research on the main base of Classis Germanica in Cologne-Marienburg (Alteburg). In: Kölner Jahrbuch 36, 2003, pp. 567-585.
  • Norbert Hanel : Brick stamp from the area of ​​the Cologne-Marienburg fleet camp (Alteburg). In: Kölner Jahrbuch 31, 1998, pp. 401–415.
  • Norbert Hanel: The defense of the Roman naval camp Alteburg in Cologne-Marienburg. Kölner Jahrbuch 32, 1999, pp. 569–625.
  • Norbert Hanel: New research on the excavations in the Cologne-Alteburg fleet camp from 1927–1928. In: N. Gudea (Ed.): Roman Frontier Studies. Proceedings of the XVIIth International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies. Zalau, 1999, pp. 309-316.
  • Olaf Höckmann : The Alteburg camp, the Germanic fleet and the Roman Rhine shipping. In: Kölner Jahrbuch 31, 1998, pp. 317-350.
  • Renate Thomas : Wall painting in the camp of the Roman fleet in Cologne-Marienburg . In: Kölner Jahrbuch 34, 2001, pp. 611–620.
  • Renate Thomas: The wall painting finds of the excavation in the Roman naval camp at the Alteburg in Cologne in 1998 . Kölner Jahrbuch 36, 2003, pp. 599–635.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Maureen Carroll: Spirits of the dead. Roman funerary commemoration in Western Europe , Oxford University Press, 2006, ISBN 0-19-929107-1 , p. 224