Mannaricium

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Mannaricium
limes Lower Germanic Limes
Dating (occupancy) a) 70 to 2nd half of 3rd century
b) 1st half of 4th century (civil?)
Type Cohort fort
unit a) Cohors II Thracum equitata
b) Cohors II Hispanorum equitata
Construction a) Wood-earth warehouse
b) Stone fort
State of preservation departed
place Boers - Maurik
Geographical location 51 ° 58 '13 "  N , 5 ° 25' 22"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 58 '13 "  N , 5 ° 25' 22"  E hf
Previous Carvo (east)
Subsequently Levefanum (west)
Mannaricium in the course of the Lower Germanic Limes

Mannaricium (also: Mannaritio ), the Maurik fort , was a Roman auxiliary fort in the Lower Germanic Limes . The former military camp was in the area of Maurik , a village in the municipality of Buren in the Dutch province of Gelderland .

Location and research history

From the Itinerarium Antonini it is known that Mannaricium was 15 Leugen from Traiectum / Utrecht . It was located on the southern bank of the Rhine in the area between the current course of the river and the northern outskirts of the village of Maurik. Traces of the camp and an assumed vicus are no longer preserved, as the original fort site was destroyed by the meandering river. However, during excavation work in 1972 and 1973, the location could be localized without any doubt due to the high concentration of unambiguous finds (especially coins, fibulae and building materials).

History, Findings and Finds

Mannaricium was probably founded after the end of the Batavian Rebellion , in AD 70, and was documented until the second half of the 3rd century. It was initially built as a wood and earth construction, and later gradually as a stone fort. The troops stationed there are the Cohors II Thracum equitata ("2nd  Thracian partially mounted cohort") and the Cohors II Hispanorum equitata ("2nd Spanish partially mounted cohort"). The Thracians were probably stationed in Mannaricium from 70 to 83, the Spaniards until 116 . It is possible that the fort was used by both units at the same time in the earliest years of its existence. Further inscription finds refer to a legionary brick located on the other side of the Rhine, the Tegularia transrhenana as well as the presence of vexillations or construction units of the Legio XXII Primigenia Pia Fidelis , the Legio XXX and the Legio I Minervia Pia Fidelis Antoniniana . The abandonment of the fort is possibly related to the establishment of the Gallic Empire . When the place was settled again in the first half of the fourth century (around 330), it is not clear whether this also had a military function or served purely civilian purposes.

See also

literature

  • Julianus Egidius Bogaers : Maurik - Mannaricium . In: Julianus Egidius Bogaers and Christoph B. Rüger : The Lower Germanic Limes. Materials on its story . Rheinland-Verlag, Cologne 1974, ISBN 3-7927-0194-4 , p. 68 f.
  • Saskia G. van Dockum : The Dutch river basin . In: Tilmann Bechert and Willem J. H. Willems (eds.): The Roman border between the Moselle and the North Sea coast . Theiss, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8062-1189-2 , p. 80 f.
  • Jan Kees Haalebos : Munten uit Maurik . In: Oudheidkundige mededelingen uit het Rijksmuseum van Oudheden te Leiden, 65. , Rijksmuseum van Oudheden, Leiden 1986, p. 197 ff.
  • Jan Kees Haalebos: Fibulae uit Maurik . Rijksmuseum van Oudheden, Leiden 1986, (= Oudheidkundige mededelingen uit het Rijksmuseum van Oudheden te Leiden, 65, Suppl.)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Mannaricium as Mannaritio in the Antonine Itinerary provinciarum Antonini Augusti
  2. ↑ AE 1975, 00638b : (Centuria) Firmi contubarnio (!) Maximi coh (ortis) II T (hracum) .
  3. ↑ AE 1975, 00639f : Cohors II Thracum .
  4. ↑ AE 1975, 00639g : [Cohors H] isp (anorum) e (quitata) .
  5. ↑ AE 1975, 00639a : Tegularia transrhenana .
  6. ↑ AE 1975, 00639b .
  7. ↑ AE 1975, 00639c .
  8. ↑ AE 1975, 00639d .