List of the Roman vici in Lower Germany
The list of Roman vici in Lower Germany names the known Roman settlements ( vici ) in Lower Germany and distinguishes between the Roman camp suburbs (canabae legionis), vici on roads (at traffic junctions), vici on sanctuaries or baths (temples and thermal springs ) and commercial settlements (Extraction of raw materials, craft). They were in the hinterland of the Lower Germanic Limes .
The three pillars of the Roman settlement system were
- the cities, i.e. coloniae or municipia
- the mansions villae rusticae
- the settlements vici
Some of the settlements continued to exist. Today you are on German, Dutch and Belgian territory.
List of the Roman vici in Lower Germany
Vici in the context of military camps ( canabae )
| Place name | Latin. Surname | comment |
|---|---|---|
| Alphen aan den Rijn | Albaniana | |
| Arnhem (Meinerswijk) | Castra Herculis | |
| Baerl | ||
| Bodegraven | ||
| Bonn | Castra Bonnensia / Vicus bonnensis | |
| Dormagen | Durnomagus | |
| Driel | ||
| Herwen | Carvium | possibly canabae and vicus |
| Kalkar | Burginatium | |
| Katwijk | Lugdunum Batavorum | |
| Kesteren | Carvo | |
| Cologne- Alteburg | ||
| Krefeld -Gellep | Gelduba | |
| Loowaard (Duiven) | ||
| Maurik | Mannaricium | |
| Moers- Asberg | Asciburgium | Canabae, Vicus and Street Station |
| Monheim am Rhein House Bürgel | Burungum ? | |
| Neuss | Novaesium | Canabae and Vicus |
| Randwijk | ||
| Remagen | Rigomagus | |
| Cattle | Harenatium | |
| Roomburg | Matilo | |
| Steincheshof near Till-Moyland / Bedburg-Hau | unknown | Fort vicus |
| Utrecht | Traiectum | |
| Valkenburg | Praetorium Agrippinae | |
| Vechten | Fectio | |
| Vleuten | Fletio | |
| Wijk bij Duurstede | Levefanum | |
| Woerden | Laurum | |
| Zwammerdam | Nigrum Pullum |
Street stations
| Place name | Latin. Surname | comment | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ahrweiler | |||
| Bad Münstereifel - Iversheim | |||
| Bitburg | Beda vicus | ||
| Bergheim- Elsdorf | |||
| Bergheim- Kerpen -Blatzheim | |||
| Norvenich | Roman settlement Nörvenich (name doubtful) | ||
| Bergheim- Zieverich | Tiberiacum | ||
| Blerick | Blariacum | ||
| Bonn | |||
| Cuijk | Ceuklum | ||
| Dilsen | Feresnis | ||
| Düren -Baesweiler | |||
| Düren-Mariaweiler | Marcodurum | ||
| Elst | |||
| Euskirchen - cheap | Belgica vicus | ||
| Halder | |||
| Heel / Haelen | Catualinum | ||
| Heerlen | Coriovallum | ||
| Jülich | Iuliacum | ||
| Jünkerath | Icorigium | ||
| Cologne- Worringen | |||
| Maastricht | Traiectum ad Mosam | ||
| Melick | Mederiacum | ||
| Mönchengladbach - Mülfort | |||
| Morbach - Wederath | Belginum | ||
| Nettersheim | Marcomagus | ||
| Ouddorp | |||
| Pont (Geldern) | Mediolanum (Germania inferior) | ||
| Qualburg | Quadriburgium | ||
| Rheinbach -Flerzheim | |||
| Rimburg / NL | |||
| Rossum | Vada | ||
| Selfkant - Tüddern | Theudurum | ||
| Titz | Titiacum | ||
| Venlo | Blariacum | ||
| Viersen - Vorst | |||
| Wesseling | |||
| Wijchen | |||
| Zülpich | Tolbiacum | ||
| Bornheim-Sechtem | |||
| unknown | Ausava | ||
| unknown | M () nerica | Name only partially preserved. (Munerica or Monerica?) |
Sanctuaries / baths
| Place name | Latin. Surname | comment |
|---|---|---|
| Aachen | Aquae Granni | (Medicinal bath) |
| Aachen- Burtscheid | Porcetum | (Medicinal bath) |
| Bergheim-Fronhoven | (Temple) | |
| Bedburg-Morken Rhine-Erft district of Bergheim | (Temple) three altar stones dedicated to Matronae Vatviae | |
| Bornheim - Sechtem | (Temple) | |
| Colijnsplaat | Ganuenta ? | (Temple) |
| Düren-Hoven | (Temple) | |
| Domburg | (Temple) | |
| Kornelimünster | Varnenum | (Temple) |
| Krefeld- Elfrath | (Temple) | |
| Nettersheim | ( Temple of the Matronae Aufaniae ) | |
| Nettersheim - Pesch | ( Temple of the Matronae Vacallinehae ) | |
| Nettersheim - Zingsheim | ( Temple of the Matronae Fachinehae ) | |
| Rijsbergen | (Temple) | |
| Valkenburg | Praetorium Agripinae | (Temple) |
Commercial settlements
| Place name | Latin. Surname | comment |
|---|---|---|
| Aachen- Schönforst | Industrial estate | |
| Bad Neuenahr / Ahrweiler | Iron smelting boiling | |
| Alps - Drüpt | Trepitia | Legion brick |
| Kall -Keldenich | Mining | |
| Nettersheim | Marcomagus | Roman settlement |
| Nettersheim - Engelgau | Roman settlement at the Ahekapelle | |
| Sinzig | pottery | |
| Stolberg -Breinigerberg | Knappensiedlung | |
| Stolberg- Gressenich | Crassiniacum | Mining |
| Vettweiß -Soller | pottery | |
| Wenau | pottery |
Monument protection
The areas of the vici are ground monuments in accordance with the regulations of the respective federal states or the monument protection regulations of the Netherlands. Investigations and targeted collection of finds are subject to approval, and accidental finds are reported to the monument authorities.
literature
- Ursula Heimberg : Settlement Structures in Lower Germany. In: Guido von Büren, Erwin Fuchs (ed.): Jülich. City - territory - history. Festschrift for the 75th anniversary of the Jülich history association 1923 eV (= Jülich history sheets . 67/68). Kleve 2000, ISBN 3-933969-10-7 , pp. 189-240.
- Jürgen Kunow : Central locations in the Germania Inferior. In: Archaeological correspondence sheet . Volume 18, 1988, pp. 55-67.
- Peter Rothenhöfer: The economic structures in southern Lower Germany. Investigations into the development of an economic area on the periphery of the Imperium Romanum. (= Cologne studies on the archeology of the Roman provinces . Volume 7). Leidorf, Rahden / Westf. 2005, ISBN 3-89646-135-4 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Monumentenwet 1988 ; Monument protection regulations of the Netherlands