Colijnsplaat
 flag |
 coat of arms |
| province |
 Zeeland
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| local community |
 North Beveland
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|
Area - land - water |
15.1 km 2 14.85 km 2 0.25 km 2 |
| Residents | 1,610 (Jan 1, 2017) |
| Coordinates | 51 ° 36 ′ N , 3 ° 51 ′ E |
| height | 1.5 m NAP |
| Important traffic route |
 
|
| prefix | 0113 |
| Postcodes | 4484-4486, 4491, 4675 |
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|
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The village Colijnsplaat ( Colijn in Zeeland ) belongs to the island municipality of Noord-Beveland in the Dutch province of Zeeland on the Oosterschelde .
history
Today's Colijnsplaat was founded in 1598 after the dike in the Oud-Noord-Beveland- Polder . The name of the place comes from the " schor " (an overgrown alluvial surface in front of the last dyke, which is no longer flooded at medium high tide) Colinplate . This name is first mentioned in history in 1489. The place was planned as a Voorstraat village (a wide main road perpendicular to the dike), with adjacent building plots. In 1599 a port was created, primarily for the trade of agricultural products and a ferry service to Zierikzee (Schouwen-Duiveland). After the construction of the Zeeland bridge (about 2 km east of Colijnsplaat to Zierikzee; construction period 1963-1965) the ferry service was stopped.
Storm surge 1953
During the great storm surge in 1953 , the residents of Colijnsplaat tried desperately to strengthen the gate in the dike, which threatened to break due to the rushing water masses, and thereby protect the village from flooding. However, the undertaking would have been in vain if a freighter thrown by the storm on the coast had not run aground in front of this sluice of all places, thus acting as a very effective breakwater and thus protecting the flood fortifications from destruction. The elevation profile of Colijnsplaat is between -0.9 m (Havelaarstraat, De Valle bridge ) from west to east , over +1.5 m in the center of the village (intersection of Havelaarstraat / Voorstraat), to the area of the Oostzeedijk -0.4 m NAP ( Normaal Amsterdams Peil ). At the highest water level on the early Sunday morning of February 1, 1953, around 3:30 a.m. of about +4.5 m NAP, the entire place would have been flooded with a water level of about three meters. Almost all of the houses would have been under water up to the edge of the roof within a very short time (many houses in Colijnsplaat had and still have only a ground floor and a converted attic). For kilometers the farmland would have been flooded with salt water and thus become unusable for decades.
This event went down in the history of the place as the miracle of Colijnsplaat . In 1993, the memorial "strijd tegen het water", by the Vlissingen artist Jan Haas , was erected west of the former parish hall.
population
Until 1960, most of the Colijnsplaater lived mainly from agriculture. Because of the advancing mechanization, however, many were forced to look for other jobs. The construction projects of the Delta Works and the city of Goes , which is now more easily accessible via a dam , as well as the later connection via the Delta Works to Rotterdam and the Europahafen Europoort offer new jobs.
For the predominantly Protestant - Calvinist population there are two more parishes: the Hervormde Kerk in the Havelaarstraat and the Gereformeerde Kerk in the Beatrixstraat.
Economic development
Before the completion of the Veersches Meer (the Veerse Gatdam ) dike in 1961, the entire fishing fleet was moved from Veere and Arnemuiden ( Walcheren ), Yerseke ( Zuid-Beveland ) and Tholen to Colijnsplaat. A fishing port with a fish market (auction hall) was added. The former agricultural port ( Oude Haven ), which gradually silted up, is now a filled green area in front of the former old town hall and its contours are still visible. A much larger harbor basin was built around it in 1960/61, with around 50 berths for the cutters in the first construction phase. However, fishing in its previous form soon became unprofitable due to competition from fish factories on the deep-sea trawlers. Only a few fishing trawlers remained in Colijnsplaat. In 1979, at the same time as the dykes were raised, the harbor was expanded to make room for a marina. The fish market ( vismijn ) was a communal institution until 1998. From 1999 it is operated by a private company under the name Visveiling Colijnsplaat BV . On the weekends, up to twelve beam trawls and shrimp cutters can be seen in the harbor. Main types of fish: sole , turbot , brill , plaice , dab , flounder , lobster , shrimp , eel and sea bass . Landing: every Thursday afternoon.
When the Deltaplan's largest project , the Oosterscheldekering storm surge barrier , was completed, the entire Oosterschelde practically became an inland sea that was only accessible via the Roompot lock (The Roompot is the fairway (fairway) of the Oosterschelde in the area northwest of the Noord-Beveland coast ) was connected to the open sea. It became a paradise for all kinds of water sports. The new Colijnsplaater Hafen developed into a marina, which is now a marina with around 550 berths (as of 2008). Other holiday tourism also increased by leaps and bounds and the whole of Zeeland - a province that previously lived exclusively on modest agriculture and fishing - experienced an unprecedented economic boom. This is how the extremely poor village of Colijnsplaat became a wealthy holiday resort.
Ancient finds
In 1970 a Roman altar stone found by fishermen in the Oosterschelde in front of Colijnsplaat, which belonged to a Roman temple dedicated to the goddess Nehalennia , attracted attention . Several hundred stone sculptures, statues and statuettes of the goddess were found later. Replicas of these finds are exhibited in a building that was newly constructed in the port area and modeled on a Roman temple, the Nahalennia Temple. The originals are in the Rijksmuseum van Oudheden (National Museum of Archeology) in Leiden .
Others
Colijnsplaat has been designated as beschermd dorpsgezicht since 1996 (analogy in German monument protection: ensemble protection ). The hall church was built in 1769. In the village there are two windmills, De Oude Molen ('The Old Mill') from around 1727 and the Nooit Gedacht from 1864, also called De Nieuwe Molen ('The New Mill').
Transport links
About 12 kilometers west of Colijnsplaat, over the Veerse Gatdam , the N57 ( Rijksweg 57 ) leads to the former island of Walcheren . To the north, the N57 continues over the Oosterschelde storm surge barrier to Schouwen-Duiveland and thus connects Zeeland to the Rotterdam region with the Europoort . Two kilometers east of Colijnsplaat, the N256 leads south to Goes ( Zuid-Beveland ) or northeast over the Zeeland bridge to the island of Schouwen-Duiveland.
Personalities
- Johannis de Rijke (1842-1913), hydraulic engineer ( Dutch waterbouwkundige )
Web links
- Colijnsplaat: Website of the VVV Zeeland tourist office (German, Dutch, English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2017 Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek , accessed on April 7, 2018 (Dutch)
- ↑ a b c d e f g Stichting Colijnsplaat foto- en dokumentatiearchief ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Dutch)
- ↑ PEFA • Visveiling Colijnsplaat ( Memento of the original dated November 8, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (German)
- ↑ Detlev Ellmers : "The archaeological sources for Germanic religious history." In: Heinrich Beck, Detlev Ellmers, Kurt Schier (ed.) Germanic religious history. Sources and source problems. Berlin 1992 (supplementary volumes to the Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Vol. 5). Pp. 95-117, p. 105.
- ↑ Nahalennia Temple
- ↑ Information taken from: MAIRDUMONT, Netherlands 1: 200,000, Ostfildern March 2009
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