Kreyern
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Kreyern is a desert in Coswig in the district of Meißen , Free State of Saxony . It represents a part of the Friedewald . The only building is the forester's house in Kreyern.
location
The Kreyern village center is located in the northeast of the Coswig district . Neighboring northeast is the Moritzburg district of Auer , to the north is the Weinböhla district of Neuer Cultivation and to the west is Weinböhla. The next place in the south-east is Friedewald .
The desert lies in the middle of the Friedewald, is completely surrounded by forest and partly forested itself. To the east is the Ilschenteich, to the northeast towards the Auer the Kapellenteich - both belong to the Moritzburg ponds . The village is located in the upper Spitzgrund and thus on the Lockwitzbach , which flows into the Elbe near Sörnewitz .
history
The village of the same name was first mentioned in 1406 as "Kryre". The place name, which comes from Old Sorbian , has a reference to the verb * kryrati, which means "to make the sound of a goose or a crane, to chatter". * Kryry is the "place where it croaks". In the course of the following 150 years, the place name changed from the forms "Kryer", "Krire", "Kriher", "Kreiern" and "Kreygern" to "Kreyern". The basic rule was in 1457 when the owners of the manor Scharfenberg . At that time there was a Vorwerk , an inn and a chapel in Kreyern . The village was parish to Oberau . In 1551 Kreyern lived in addition to three cottagers and twelve residents, a total of 26 possessed men who had 17 hooves . One of the hooves was cultivated by four gardeners. Two of the farmers owned vineyards. These two were subordinate to the Grossenhain Office , while the others were subject to the Moritzburg Office .
In the 16th century the importance of the Friedewald surrounding the village grew as the prince's hunting ground for the Wettins . From 1542, Elector Moritz had his hunting lodge built near Eisenberg , from which Moritzburg Castle emerged . In order to expand his wilderness further, he demanded the village of Kreyern from the Knights of Karras , who were sitting in the Coswiger Karrasburg , and he had already acquired the Vorwerk. After Moritz died in the battle of Sievershausen in 1553, Hans and Georg von Karras sold their properties with the hunt to the new Elector August in 1556 for 15,169 guilders, 11 groschen and 10 pfennigs and withdrew from the Coswig area.
This was followed by the annexation of Kreyern to the electoral hunting area. For this purpose the farming village was evacuated, the inhabitants of the desert place since then were relocated to Coswig and the Meissen district of Neuzaschendorf . The farmsteads were demolished and the hooves were reforested. In Kreyern only a newly built cattle yard remained, which belonged to the Kammergut Ostra and had to deliver fertilizer to the electoral vineyards of Hoflößnitz . Around 1600 the cartographer Matthias Oeder recorded the "Ochsenstall Kreiern" on one of his maps. Around 1618, the Friedewald Wolf Column was built not far from the Jägerhaus . In 1628 the Dresden court architect Ezechiel Eckhardt rebuilt the Kreyerner Jägerhaus; on the first floor there were two rooms that the elector could use during court hunts.
The farmers of neighboring Lindenau had to do 20 days of manual labor in the cattle yard every year until the feudal burdens were replaced in the 19th century.
At the latest since the 16th century, Kreyern was the seat of a forest district (documented in the wood regulations of 1543). In 1679 the foresters moved from the former mansion of the Coswig Karrasburg, which was then used as a forester's house , to what is now the forester's house in Kreyern . After 1700 the electors also had Lithuanian bison kept in Kreyern . These animals, incorrectly referred to as aurochs , later gave their name to the neighboring district of Auer. The inefficient cattle shed was demolished in 1820. In addition to being used as a hunting area, the area around Kreyern was important for fish farming and forestry .
After a fire in 1847, the forester's house was rebuilt and rebuilt in its current form. Six people lived in the forester's house in Kreyern in 1875, which was part of the Meißen administration . In 1910 it was parish in Coswig.
In 1948, as a result of the land reform, 45 hectares of land, and thus around two-thirds of the Kreyerner Flur, were reassigned to Radebeul .
In the vicinity of the forester's house in Kreyern, the 1st Armored Guard Army of the Soviet Army had been operating a radio transmission center designed as a bunker since the mid-1960s , which was completely demolished by 1997.
The forester's house in Kreyern was extensively renovated between 2002 and 2005 and is the seat of the Moritzburg Forestry Office (Dresden Forest District, Revier 05 Moritzburg). Nearby is the wolf memorial, which documents the place where the last wolf was killed in the Friedewald in 1618.
literature
- Kreyern. In: Frank Andert (Red.): Stadtlexikon Radebeul . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 , p. 112 .
- Walter Bachmann : Kreiern . Saxon Heritage Protection Association, Dresden 1940.
- Cornelius Gurlitt : Kreyern. In: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 41. Issue: Administrative Authority Meißen-Land . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1923, p. 248.
Web links
- Kreyern in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- Kreyern at www.historisches-coswig.de
- Legend about Kreyern and Georg von Karras ( Memento from August 27, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
- ISGV entry for Kreyern (Moritzburg Office)
- ISGV entry for Kreyern (Grossenhain Office)
- Radio transmission center of the 1st Armored Guard Army
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kreyern. In: Frank Andert (Red.): Stadtlexikon Radebeul . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 , p. 112 .
Coordinates: 51 ° 9 ′ 23.6 ″ N , 13 ° 37 ′ 19 ″ E