Freest
Freest is a district of the municipality of Kröslin in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Germany). It is administered by the Lubmin Office based in the municipality of the same name .
geography
The district is located north of Kröslin and borders the Peenestrom in the east . In the north the district Spandowerhagen joins, which in turn borders on the Greifswalder Bodden . In the west are the municipalities of Rubenow and Lubmin .
history
Freest was first mentioned in 1179 as Vrestenuiz . The Slavic name means "heather".
The next documentary mention of Freest can be found in the Pomeranian Document Book (PUB) from 1298 as the property of one of the landlords of Below . In 1300 Duke Bogislaw IV donated 10 Hufen from Freest to Eldena Monastery. In 1300 the name was named Vrest according to PUB , hence the following interpretation: The name Freest is probably of German origin. It is believed that Frisian farmers followed an army of German knights and named the settlement Friest , Freist , based on their old home . But there is no evidence for this.
In 1302, Freest came into the possession of the Eldena monastery when the knight Wufold von Below gave up his claims to the shares in Freest.
Since 1305 Freest belonged to the parish of Kröslin. In 1535 the Reformation was introduced in the community.
In 1628 the settlement was completely destroyed in the course of the Thirty Years War . Two former farmers then rebuilt their farms in 1640. With the Peace of Westphalia , Western Pomerania and Rügen came into Swedish possession. The Peene put the border to 1720 Prussia is.
During the wars against Napoleon , the French general Mocand received Freest as a gift. In 1806 Ernst Moritz Arndt succeeded in having the serfdom of the peasants lifted against the will of the West Pomeranian landlords with King Gustav IV Adolf .
In 1825 compulsory schooling was introduced . A school building was then set up at Dorfstrasse 51 and 52.
The small village developed economically in the current decades. In 1865 there were 581 residents with 132 families. In order to be able to bring the fresh fish inland as quickly as possible, the community received a connection to the Greifswald – Wolgast (KGW) small railway line in 1897 . In 1889 Christian Jarling built the first boatyard and thereby laid the foundation for an industry that would continue into the 21st century. Over 200 new buildings were built under his leadership.
In 1915 a new school building was built, which is still in use today. The global economic crisis was also felt in Freest: in 1925 there were 462 inhabitants, including 111 fishermen, three boat builders, two farmers and four merchants. Out of economic hardship, the Viennese Rudolf Stundl was hired , who introduced carpet knotting as a sideline in the community and thus established the tradition of Pomeranian fisherman carpets .
After the end of the Second World War , the number of residents rose to 756 in 1949 as a result of refugees and resettlers . In the course of the land reform in 1955, the Bartelschen Hof was converted into a local agricultural enterprise (ÖLB). From it later the LPG Fritz Reuter emerged. In 1959 the new port was completed. In 1960 the previously independent towns of Kröslin, Spandowerhagen and Freest merged to form the large municipality of Kröslin. The places Hollendorf and Karrin were added at a later date. In 1995 the fishing port was rebuilt.
economy
Fishing remains an important, albeit declining, industry in Freest. The fishermen converted the Fisheries Production Cooperative (FPG), founded in 1960, into a registered fisheries cooperative in 1990 in order to be able to better market their catches. In 2010 it comprised a total of 28 fishing companies with 30 fishermen and 54 fishing vessels. With its 81 members, the cooperative is one of the largest companies in the region. In addition, the shipyard founded by Jarling was successfully re-privatized after reunification . The oldest fish smokehouse in Western Pomerania is located in the village. Tourism also plays an important role: there are two campsites and various dining facilities in the district. From the port in Freest there is an excursion and scheduled connection to Peenemünde and Kröslin as well as to the islands of Ruden and Greifswalder Oie . The rescue boat Heinz Orth of the German Society for the Rescue of Shipwrecked People is stationed in the port .
Buildings and sights
→ See: List of architectural monuments in Freest
The Heimatstube documents the development of Freest. One focus is the history of the fishing carpets . There are also some old, listed farmhouses and fishermen's cottages in the corner of the street and the house of the Reusenkompanie in the village street. There are also a few salt huts in which the fishermen stored the salt for processing their catches.
The Route of the North German Romanticism leads through Freest . The 54 km long nature trail connects a total of ten life and motif stations of early romantic painters from the region from Greifswald to Wolgast .
Regular events
- Opening event of the German Hotel and Restaurant Association at the arrival of the hornfish
- Fisherman's festival on the first weekend in August
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Manfred Niemeyer: Ostvorpommern . Collection of sources and literature on place names. Vol. 2: Mainland. (= Greifswald contributions to toponymy. Vol. 2), Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University of Greifswald, Institute for Slavic Studies, Greifswald 2001, ISBN 3-86006-149-6 . P. 35
- ↑ H. Hoogeweg, Monasteries in Pomerania, Part 1, Stettin, 1924, p. 538
- ↑ PUB III, No. 1956/1957
- ↑ PUB IV, No. 2053
- ↑ PUB IV, No. 2219
- ↑ Our shipyard , Freest shipyard website, accessed on August 14, 2014.
- ↑ Wir über uns , website of the fishing cooperative "Peenemluss", accessed on June 11, 2017.
Web links
Coordinates: 54 ° 8 ′ 9 ″ N , 13 ° 43 ′ 35 ″ E