Free Kadlub
| Frei Kadlub Kadłub Wolny |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Opole | ||
| Powiat : | Oleski | ||
| Gmina : | Zembowitz | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 46 ' N , 18 ° 22' E | ||
| Residents : | |||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 77 | ||
| License plate : | OOL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Next international airport : | Katowice | ||
Frei Kadlub (Polish Kadłub Wolny ) is a village in Upper Silesia . It is located in the Polish rural community Zembowitz (Zębowice) in the powiat Oleski (Rosenberg OS district) in the Opole Voivodeship . Older spellings include Kadlub and Groß Kadlub, Frey Kadlub and, at the beginning of the 16th century, Skadlub.
geography
Geographical location
Frei Kadlub is two kilometers east of Zembowitz , thirteen kilometers south of the district town of Olesno (Rosenberg OS) and 33 kilometers east of the voivodeship capital Opole .
Neighboring places
Neighboring towns of Frei Kadlub are in the northwest Pruskau (Prusków) , in the north Schiedlisk (Siedliska), in the east Poscholkau (Poczołków) , in the south Schemrowitz (Szemrowice) and in the southwest Zembowitz (Zębowice) .
history
The village of Kadlub was first mentioned in a document on November 17, 1295. The interest previously to be paid to the Adalbertskirche in Opole was to be paid to the Kreuzkirche there from this point on. On April 2, 1375 a Nikolaus Bochnek bought the interest of the village. In the 16th century the property came to the Upper Silesian aristocratic family Przissowsky, who sold it in 1572 to Christoph Hoff, called Schnorbein von Kantersdorf. Then the manor Kadlub came to Johann von Beeß. He was married to Margaret, daughter of Daniel Zierowsky on Slupsko and Kotulin sold in 1594 the rule Rosenberg to Melchior of Gaschin and retained for the time being next Kadlub still Sausenberg (then Schumirad) and Chudoba. He later obtained an imperial confirmation for the baron class that his family had already led and founded the line of barons Beeß von Werchels and Rosenberg .
On April 5, 1605, a historic event for Silesia took place in the inn in Groß Kadlub, which was the name of the actual village at that time, while the smaller settlement of the manor was called Kadlub . Johann von Bees did not sell the estate and village of Kadlub with ponds, mills, hunts, interest and all lower and upper rights to another nobleman, but to the inhabitants of the two communities for 2500 thalers , thereby releasing them from subordination . Up to the end of the 18th century there were only two such free villages among the approximately 5000 villages in all of Silesia (in 1717 the residents of Kaudewitz in the Liegnitz district had also bought themselves out). Besides von Beeß, the aforementioned previous owner Christoph Hoff von Kantersdorf auf Oschietzko and his sons Hildebrand and Kaspar as well as Johann and Siegmund Wachowsky auf Leschna and Georg Ossietzky auf Pawlowitz (Tost-Gleiwitz district) attested the sale on a certificate. This was followed by a confirmation by the actual liege lord, Emperor Rudolf II , in his function as Prince of Opole-Ratibor on December 13, 1605. The documents, which are so important for the residents, were carefully kept in an oak box.
As a result, the name Frei-Kadlub prevailed for the village. The residents often had to defend their rights against the respective authorities. At the end of the 18th century they won a lawsuit against the Prussian government over the management of the community forest. Likewise, all later attempts both in the Third Reich and in the communist era after the Second World War to expropriate or nationalize parts of the village failed .
After the historical sale of 1605, 25 shares, some of which were of different sizes, were created depending on the capital participation. Forests, ponds, mills and the inn were used and managed together. After the general liberation of the peasants in Silesia, a company of the shareholders was founded in the 1840s, which was registered as the owner in the mortgage book of the Rosenberg district on May 12, 1843 after a review of the still existing documents by the higher regional court in Wroclaw. In order to avoid fragmentation of the property, the shareholders decided in 1845 that the share could only be passed on to one heir.
In the referendum in Upper Silesia on March 20, 1921, 174 eligible voters voted to remain in Germany and 433 to belong to Poland. Frei Kadlub remained with the German Empire . In 1933 there were 1097 inhabitants. On April 27, 1936, the place was renamed Freihöfen . In 1939 the place had 1,547 inhabitants. Until 1945 the place was in the district of Rosenberg OS
In 1945 the previously German place came under Polish administration and was attached to the Silesian Voivodeship and renamed Kadłub Wolny . In 1950 the place came to the Opole Voivodeship and since 1999 it has belonged to the re-established Powiat Oleski . On October 23, 2007 , German was introduced as the second official language in the municipality of Zembowitz , which Frei Kadlub belongs to . On November 19, 2008, the place was also given the official German place name Frei Kadlub .
The rural forest community of the village Frei Kadlub was founded more recently . At an annual meeting on June 29th, the respective profits from the management are distributed, new investments are negotiated and charitable projects are planned. In the 1990s, for example, the community raised a large amount of money for the village school.
Attractions
- Wayside chapel
- Wayside shrine with figure of Mary
- Memorial stone from 2005 to commemorate the first mention in 1295 and the purchase of the place in 1605
societies
- German Friendship Circle
- Kadlub Wolny Wind Orchestra
References
literature
- Hieronymus Wiechulla: The village of Frei-Kadlub . In: Upper Silesian Homeland . No. 9 , 1913, pp. 46-47 .
Web links
- Website of the Zebowice Municipality (Polish)
- Website about Frei Kadlub (German)
- Website about Frei Kadlub (Polish)
Footnotes
- ↑ Cf. Colmar Grünhagen (Ed.): Codex diplomaticus Silesiae , Vol. 7, Part 3, Regesta on Silesian history, up to the year 1300 . Breslau 1886, p. 226, No. 2387 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ See Colmar Grünhagen (ed.): Codex diplomaticus Silesiae, Vol. 6, Registrum St. Wenceslai . Breslau 1865, p. 12 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Landbuch Principality of Opole-Ratibor F, fol. 323.
- ↑ See Johannes Ziekursch: Hundred Years of Silesian Agricultural History . Breslau 1927, p. 62 f .
- ↑ Photographs of the documents and the chest, see here, accessed in June 2010.
- ^ Results of the referendum in Upper Silesia of 1921: Literature , table in digital form ( Memento from January 13, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to reunification in 1990. Rosenberg district in Upper Silesia (Polish Olesno). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Directory of the DFKs on the VdG website ( Memento of the original from January 15, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Website of the wind orchestra in Kadlub Wolny ( Memento from September 15, 2014 in the web archive archive.today )
Frei Kadlub (Kadłub Wolny) | Kneja (Knieja) | Lenke (Łąka) | Oschietzko (Osiecko) | Poscholkau (Poczołków) | Prusków (Prusków) | Radau (Radawie) | Schiedlisk (Siedliska) | Zembowitz (Zębowice)