Friedrich Heitmann
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Friedrich Heitmann , often called Fritz Heitmann , (born October 27, 1853 in Ahlen , Westphalia ; † August 13, 1921 in Königsberg , East Prussia ; full name: Friedrich Adalbert Eduard Heitmann ) was a German architect who mainly built churches in East Prussia.
Life
Heitmann attended high school in Westphalia Coesfeld to Unterprima and then studied at the College of the pilot plant in Frankenberg in Saxony . He passed the final exam in 1875. After his military service he worked as a surveyor in Anklam .
He also set up the post office for Anklam after he joined the Imperial Post Office and Telegraph Administration in 1877 . He also designed the buildings for post offices in Leipzig, Swinoujscie and Rostock. In 1886 he was appointed to the post office in Königsberg , and until 1886 he was entrusted with building post offices in Gumbinnen and Pillau . He later went into business for himself in Königsberg.
Together with his friend and building officer Joseph Kretschmann, Heitmann founded the Königsberg real estate and construction company in 1898 , which built the villa colony in Amalienau .
As a captain in the Landwehr , he spent a few months in the First World War in 1914 . As a result of his participation in the war, he was unable to work and had to sell his villa at Kastanienallee 12 due to financial difficulties. He then lived in the rectory of the St. Adalbert Chapel, where he died on August 13, 1921. He left three daughters and son Wynrich.
Corresponding to the time, he used historicist forms of construction, preferably the neo-Gothic and the neo-Romanesque in brick construction based on the example of medieval Teutonic order architecture.
Awards
In 1901 Heitmann was awarded the Prussian Crown Order IV class, Kaiser Wilhelm II presented the order on the occasion of the inauguration of the Luisenkirche. In 1914 he received the honorary title of Royal Building Councilor for his services to public construction. Pope Pius X awarded him the Cross of Honor Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice because of his many churches. As a soldier, he received the Iron Cross, 2nd class , in late 1914 or early 1915 .
Buildings (selection)
Friedrich Heitmann first built post offices, later numerous Catholic and some Protestant churches in Warmia , in Königsberg and other places in East Prussia. Buildings that no longer exist are in italics .
| year | place | building | image | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| after 1877 | Anklam , Western Pomerania | Post office | ||
| between 1878 and 1885 | Leipzig | Post office | ||
| between 1878 and 1885 | Swinoujscie , today Świnoujście, Western Pomerania | Post office | ||
| between 1878 and 1885 | Rostock | Post office | ||
| after 1886 | Gumbinnen , today Gusew | Post office | ||
| after 1886 | Pillau , today Baltiysk | Post office | ||
| 1892 | Lipowitz , today Lipowiec | Catholic St. Valentine's Church |
 |
neo-gothic |
| 1892-1896 | Groß Kleeberg , today Klebark Wielki | Catholic Church |
 |
neo-gothic |
| 1894-1896 | Braunswalde , today Brąnswałd | Catholic Church |
 |
neo-gothic |
| 1895-1896 | Rastenburg , today Kętrzyn | Church of St. Catherine |
 |
neo-gothic |
| 1895-1896 | Koenigsberg , today Kaliningrad | Palaestra Albertina |
 |
neo-Gothic, today swimming and sports facility of the Baltic fleet |
| 1893-1897 | Diwitten , today Diwity | Catholic Church |
 |
neo-gothic |
| 1897-1899 | Kobulten , today Kobułty | Catholic Church |
 |
neo-gothic |
| 1899-1901 | Königsberg-Amalienau | Evangelical Queen Luise Memorial Church on Lawsker Allee |
 |
neo-Romanesque, today puppet theater |
| 1901 | Koenigsberg | Main post office and telegraph office on Gesekusplatz |
 |
neo-gothic |
| 1901-1903 | Olsztyn , today Olsztyn | Sacred Heart Church |
 |
neo-Gothic, its largest church building in today's Poland |
| 1901-1903 | Groß Friedrichsdorf , today Gastellowo | Protestant church | probably incorrect attribution | |
| 1902-1904 | Königsberg-Amalienau | Adalbert's Chapel |
 |
neo-Gothic, used commercially today |
| around 1904 | Königsberg-Amalienau | Villas | several villas in Amalienau, in whose development Heitmann played a key role; Villa Heitmann for himself, Villa Grenz (1905) | |
| 1904 | Koenigsberg | Jewish orphanage | as the building manager, based on designs by Fritz Behrendt , not preserved | |
| 1904 | Tapiau , today Gwardejsk | Catholic St. Joseph's Church or Chapel | used as a business today | |
| 1904-1907 | Koenigsberg-Haberberg | Catholic Church to the Holy Family |
_1.jpg) |
neo-Gothic, today the Philharmonic |
| 1908-1910 | Süßenthal , today Sętal | Catholic St. Nikolai Church |
 |
neo-Gothic, new building after the previous church burned down in 1908, consecrated in 1911 |
| 1909-1910 | Pillau , today Baltiysk | Catholic Church Maria Meeresstern | Destroyed in 1945 | |
| 1910 | Koenigsberg | Evangelical Luther Church on the cattle market | Neo-Renaissance / Neo- Baroque , destroyed after 1945 | |
| 1912 | Insterburg , today Chernyakhovsk | Catholic St. Bruno Church |
 |
neo-gothic |
| 1909-1913 | Ponarth , today Dimitrowo | Catholic orphanage with St. Joseph's Chapel | Chapel is preserved, orphanage destroyed (there was still a St. Joseph's Church from 1930, which has also been destroyed) | |
| 1910-1913 | Groß Bössau , today Biesowo | Catholic Church | neo-gothic | |
| 1911-1913 | Osterode , today Ostróda | Church of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary | neo-Gothic extension of the existing church | |
| 1911-1913 | Schönbrück , today Sząbruk | Catholic Church |
 |
New baroque extension of the existing church |
| 1912-1913 | Olsztyn , today Olsztyn | Catholic St. Joseph Church |
 |
neo-Romanesque |
| 1913 | Mohrungen , today Morąg | District hospital | receive? | |
| 1914 | Jonkendorf , today Jonkowo | Catholic Church | neo-Gothic extension of the church | |
| ? | Dietrichswalde , today Gietrzwałd | Catholic Chapel (?) | possibly one of the small chapels in the pilgrimage site (not the big church and the big chapel that was built in 1877) |
More buildings were
- District building in Gerdauen
- Hospital in Gerdauen
- District house in Braunsberg
- various manor houses in the country
literature
- Fritz Gause: Heitmann, Fritz. In: Old Prussian biography . Volume 3, Marburg 1975, ISBN 3-7708-0504-6 , p. 947.
- Robert Albinus: Königsberg Lexicon. City and surroundings . Flechsig, Würzburg 2002, ISBN 3-88189-441-1 .
- Baldur Köster: Königsberg. Architecture from the German era . Husum Druck, Husum 2000, ISBN 3-88042-923-5 .
- Richard Armstedt: History of the royal capital and residence city of Königsberg in Prussia. Stuttgart 1899.
- Fritz Gause : The history of the city of Königsberg in Prussia . 3 volumes. Böhlau, Cologne 1996, ISBN 3-412-08896-X .
- Jürgen Manthey : Königsberg - history of a world citizenship republic . Hanser , Munich 2005, ISBN 3-446-20619-1 .
- Gunnar Strunz: Discover Königsberg. Between Memel and fresh lagoon . Trescher, Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-89794-071-X .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c East Prussia: October 27, 2013. The architect Fritz Heitmann has his 160th birthday today. online at www.ostpreussen.net
- ^ Robert Albinus: Königsberg Lexicon
- ↑ Centralblatt der Bauverwaltung , Volume 21, 1901, No. 79 (from October 5, 1901), p. 481.
- ↑ Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung , 35th year 1915, No. 3 (from January 9, 1915), p. 13.
- ↑ Article: Gastellowo - Groß Friedrichsdorf at ostpreussen.net, is not in Warmia and is a Protestant village church!
- ^ Nils Aschenbeck: Modern architecture in East Prussia . 1991, p. 10–12 ( ostpreussen.de [PDF; accessed December 30, 2012]). , with a detailed description of the Villa Grenz
- ↑ Aschenbeck, p. 10
- ↑ photo ; and more photos at Bildarchiv Ostpreussen
- ↑ On the trail of line Q 15. Ostpreußenblatt dated November 10, 2001, 10th paragraph, accessed on January 31, 2020 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Heitmann, Friedrich |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Heitmann, Friedrich Adalbert Eduard (full name); Heitmann, Fritz |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German architect |
| DATE OF BIRTH | October 27, 1853 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Awls |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 13, 1921 |
| Place of death | Königsberg (Prussia) |