Lipowiec (Szczytno)

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Lipowiec
Lipowiec does not have a coat of arms
Lipowiec (Poland)
Lipowiec
Lipowiec
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Warmia-Masuria
Powiat : Szczytno
Gmina : Szczytno
Geographic location : 53 ° 28 '  N , 21 ° 8'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 27 '49 "  N , 21 ° 8' 11"  E
Residents : 916 (2011)
Postal code : 12-100
Telephone code : (+48) 89
License plate : NSZ
Economy and Transport
Street : Młyńsko / DK 53 - Płozy - Wały - Żytkowizna ↔ Łuka
Gawrzyjałki - Pużary → Lipowiec
Zabiele - Jakubowy Borek → Lipowiec
Rail route : no rail connection
Next international airport : Danzig



Lipowiec ( German  Lipowitz , 1933 to 1945 Lindenort ) is a village in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship . It belongs to the Gmina Szczytno (rural municipality Ortelsburg ) in the Powiat Szczycieński ( Ortelsburg district ).

Geographical location

Lipowiec is located in the southern center of the Warmia-Masurian Voivodeship , 15 kilometers southeast of the district town of Szczytno ( German  Ortelsburg ).

history

The village called Radzien (before 1742 Rasin , after 1820 Lipowietz , after 1828 Lipowice ) was the oldest casket village in the local area and was laid out by the Great Elector in 1666. In the hand-held festival it is said that "the Prussian subject Woytek Kowal was granted unrevealed wilderness land ... with grace and handed over with the instruction to create a village ..."

At the time of the Great Plague (1709 to 1711) Lipowitz suffered greatly and mourned a hundred deaths.

In 1787 there is an indication that in Lipowitz the “financial circumstances were poor”. From 1874 to 1945 Lipowitz was incorporated into the district of Luckabude (1938 to 1945 Luckau , in Polish Łuka ) in the East Prussian district of Ortelsburg . At the end of the 19th century, the first expansion yards in Lipowitz were built, for example in 1879 Klein Lipowitz (1933 to 1945 Klein Lindenort , in Polish Lipowiec Mały ).

Up until now, Lipowitz had lived extremely modestly, but that changed at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. Century. The system of rural cooperatives developed by Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen was implemented very early on in Lipowitz with the establishment of the loan office in 1900, the agricultural association and the Raiffeisen buying and selling cooperative (1910/11) and noticeably led to more prosperity in the community in the subsequent years Decades.

In 1910 Lipowitz had 1,241 inhabitants. On May 31, 1933, Lipowitz was renamed "Lindenort" for political and ideological reasons to defend against foreign-sounding place names. In the same year the number of inhabitants was 1,197, and in 1939 1,226.

When the whole of southern East Prussia was transferred to Poland in 1945 as a result of the war , Lipowitz resp. Lindenort affected. The village was given the Polish name form "Lipowiec" and is today with the seat of a Schulzenamt (Polish Sołectwo ) a place in the network of the rural community Szczytno (Ortelsburg) in the powiat Szczycieński ( Ortelsburg district ), until 1998 the Olsztyn Voivodeship , since then the Warmia Voivodeship Masuria belonging. In 2011 Lipowiec had 916 inhabitants. On June 18, 2016, Lipowiec celebrated the 350th anniversary of the place together with former residents and a large festival program.

Juniper Avenue

On the forest road from Lipowiec to Jakobowy Borek (Jakobswalde) there is a juniper avenue ( Aleja jałowców in Polish ), consisting of over twenty bushes and trees. Their height reaches several meters. The juniper tree was already famous there before 1945, and with a height of twelve meters it was considered the largest in Europe. With a circumference of about two meters, however, it dried up around the year 2000 and was felled. Initially laid out as a bank for tourists along the road, it was stolen over time as fuel, leaving only dead remains. The juniper bush, called "Kaddig" in East Prussia, is a very undemanding plant that thrives on poor sandy soil and is still found today as undergrowth in the vast forests of the former East Prussia.

The juniper avenue is located on the Szlak Mazursko-Kurpiowski ("Masurian-Kurpian Way") lined with natural monuments .

church

Roman Catholic

The Catholic Church in Lipowiec

The Roman Catholic St. Valentine's Church was built from 1892 as a subsidiary church of the parish Groß Leschienen ( Lesiny Wielkie in Polish ) and consecrated in 1896. The neo-Gothic interior is from the early days of the company. The architect was Friedrich Heitmann , who also designed other churches in the area.

Before 1945 the community Lipowitz resp. Lindenort incorporated into the dean's office Masuria I (seat: Angerburg ) in the former diocese of Warmia . Today the parish belongs to the deanery Rozogi (Friedrichshof) in the Archdiocese of Warmia .

Evangelical

A few years after the Catholic Church, a Protestant church was built in Lipowitz in 1905/06. It was one of the East Prussian jubilee churches that was built on the occasion of the 200th anniversary of the Kingdom of Prussia and inaugurated on October 5, 1906. It was a massive building on a field stone foundation with a choir tower . The church had a carved wooden cross from Tyrol inside . The organ was the work of the master organ builder Bruno Goebel in Königsberg (Prussia) . In winter 1945 the church was burned down by Soviet soldiers. The remains were torn down to the ground in 1957.

The parish of Lipowitz existed since 1898. It had no patronage and had 2,750 parishioners in 1925. The parish was incorporated into the superintendent district of Ortelsburg in the parish of Ortelsburg in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union .

Until 1945, in addition to the parish, ten villages and smaller towns belonged to the parish of Lipowitz / Lindenort:

Finsterdamerau ( Polish Ciemna Dąbrowa ) Kotlarnia (Polish Jakubowy Borek ) Kelbassen (1935-1945 Wehrberg , Polish Kiełbasy ), small Lipowitz (1933-1945 Small Lindenort , Polish Lipowiec Mały ), small Radzienen (1938-1945 small hill forest , Polish Zieleniec Mały ), Lysack (1933 to 1945 Kahlfelde , Polish Łysak ), Purda (1933 to 1945 Lindenort Ost , Polish Purda Szczycieńska ), Sabielle (1938 to 1945 Hellengrund , Polish Zabiele ), Wallen (Polish Wały ) and Wessolygrund (1933 to 1945 Freudengrund , Polish Piecuchy ).

The pastors officiated as evangelical clergy in Lipowitz / Lindenort:

  • Paul Walter Brzezinski, 1894–1896
  • Wilhelm Wiontzeck, 1896–1910
  • Robert Grigo, 1911-1922
  • Ewald Rehfeld, 1923–1925
  • Werner Lekies, 1929
  • Ernst Schwartz, 1930–1934

Protestant church members living in the Lipowiec region today belong to the church in Szczytno , which is assigned to the Masurian diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

school

The elementary school in Lipowitz was during the reign of Frederick William I founded. It received a new school building in 1932/33. In 1939 four classes were taught here.

traffic

Lipowiec is located on a side road that branches off from the Polish state road 53 (former German Reichsstraße 134 ) at Młyńsko and leads to Łuka (Luckabude , Luckau from 1938 to 1945 ) . In addition, smaller side streets connect the place with the neighboring villages. There is no connection to rail traffic .

Personalities

  • Helmut Kupski (born April 7, 1932 in Lipowitz), German politician (CDU), member of the NRW state parliament (SPD)

Web links

Commons : Lipowiec  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Wieś Lipowiec w liczbach
  2. ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 657
  3. ↑ Dietrich Lange, Geographical Location Register East Prussia (2005): Lindenort
  4. ↑ a b c d e f Lipowiec - Lipowitz / Lindenort at ostpreussen.net
  5. ↑ a b c d Lipowitz / Lindenort at the Ortelsburg district community
  6. ↑ Rolf Jehke, District Luckabude / Luckau
  7. ^ Uli Schubert, community directory, Ortelsburg district
  8. ^ Michael Rademacher, local book, Ortelsburg district
  9. ^ Parafia Lipowiec in the Archdiocese of Warmia
  10. ↑ Walther Hubatsch , History of the Evangelical Church of East Prussia , Volume 2 Pictures of East Prussian Churches , Göttingen 1968, p. 129, fig. 601, 602
  11. ↑ a b Walther Hubatsch, History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 3 Documents , Göttingen 1968, p. 496
  12. ↑ Friedwald Moeller, Old Prussian Evangelical Pastors' Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945 , Hamburg, 1968, p. 87