Rozogi

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Rozogi
Coat of arms of Gmina Rozogi
Rozogi (Poland)
Rozogi
Rozogi
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Warmia-Masuria
Powiat : Szczycieński
Gmina : Rozogi
Geographic location : 53 ° 29 '  N , 21 ° 22'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 28 '50 "  N , 21 ° 21' 37"  E
Residents : 1482 (2011)
Postal code : 12-114
Telephone code : (+48) 89
License plate : NSZ
Economy and Transport
Street : DK53 : Ostrołęka - Myszyniec ↔ Szczytno - Olsztyn
DK59 : Giżycko - Mrągowo → Rozogi
Turośl - Kowalik ↔ Wilamowo - Księży Lasek
Rail route : no rail connection
Next international airport : Danzig
Warsaw



Rozogi [ rɔˈzɔɡi ] ( German Friedrichshof ) is a village in the powiat Szczycieński of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in Poland . It is the seat of the rural community of the same name with 5558 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2019).

Geographical location

It is situated in the east of the Masurian Plain on the shores of - in their upper reaches "Rozoga" (Rosogga) mentioned - Narew -Nebenflusses Szkwa . The landscape is dominated by the vast pine forests of the Johannisburger Heide and agricultural areas.

The Szkwa river in Rozogi

The district town of Szczytno (Ortelsburg) is 26 kilometers away, the voivodeship capital Olsztyn (Allenstein) 74 kilometers to the north-west.

history

Local history

Wooden house in Rozogi

The village, initially called Friedrichowen , was created as part of a colonization program for the south of East Prussia initiated by the Brandenburg Elector Friedrich Wilhelm I in the second quarter of the 17th century. The Schulze Jakob Bieber was commissioned with the establishment of the village, who was given 60 Hufen land (around 1,000 hectares). In 1645 the foundation deed for a Schatulldorf was issued, so the village was directly subordinate to the Duchy of Prussia . Administratively it belonged to the Oberländischer Kreis until 1752, then to the Neidenburg district and from 1815 to the Ortelsburg district . The first church was built in 1665, but it was destroyed by fire in 1700. It was then replaced by a half-timbered building.

In the course of the 18th century the place, now called Friedrichshof, developed into a flourishing market, which was particularly favored by the border trade with nearby Poland. That was the reason for the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm II to raise Friedrichshof to the rank of a market town in 1789. Rich amber deposits were discovered in 1811 in an area of ​​2,500 km² west of Friedrichshof. In 1885, the over 200-year-old church had to give way to another new building due to its dilapidation. This time the church was built in neo-Gothic style with a towering tower.

Stork nest in Rozogi

In 1890 the place had reached its highest population in its German history with 2,321 inhabitants. 1,800 people of Polish nationality belonged to them. The main source of income at that time was cattle breeding.

Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Friedrichshof belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether it would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus to Germany) or join Poland. In Friedrichshof, 1480 residents voted to remain with East Prussia, Poland did not receive any votes.

After the First World War, Friedrichshof suffered from the closure of the border with Poland and the associated loss of profitable border trade. After a low of 1,786 inhabitants in 1933, 1,800 inhabitants were counted again in 1939. Most of them fled westwards at the end of the Second World War when the Soviet front approached between December 1944 and January 1945.

The place was occupied by the Red Army in January 1945 and then placed under Polish administration. The place name was changed to "Rozogi".

Friedrichshof District (1874–1945)

On July 16, 1874 Friedrichshof seat and thus its name to a District , which until 1945 and for district Szczytno in the Administrative district Königsberg (1905: Administrative district Allenstein ) in the Prussian province of East Prussia belonged. Only two rural communities were incorporated:

German name Changed name
(1938 to 1945)		 Polish name
Friedrichshof Rozogi
Willamowen (from 1932 :)
Wilhelmshof		 Wilamowo

350th anniversary in 1995

Memorial to the Fallen 1645–1995

In 1995 the celebrations for the 350th anniversary of the town took place in Rozogi. On this occasion, a memorial was unveiled with great sympathy from former and current local residents, commemorating the local residents who died from 1645 to 1995.

church

Church building

Today's St. Maria Magdalena Church is already the third house of God - after the original church from 1649, which burned down in 1700, and a successor building made of half-timbered timber, which had to be demolished in 1869 due to dilapidation. In the years 1882 to 1885 the current building was built, which until 1977 belonged to the Protestant church and was the parish church of the extensive parish Friedrichshof. It is a neo-Gothic building made of yellow bricks and covered with slate shingles with a soaring, slender tower. The church has been dedicated to Maria Magdalena since 1982 parish church for the Roman Catholic residents of Rozogi.

Evangelical parish

The church in Rozogi

Friedrichshofer church was a Protestant church for almost 300 years. At the beginning it belonged to the Rastenburg (Polish: Kętrzyn ) inspection , and was finally incorporated into the parish of Ortelsburg ( Szczytno ) in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . In 1925 his parish had 7,200 parishioners who were looked after by one pastor, and since the middle of the 19th century two pastors. The war-related flight and expulsion of the local population meant the "end" for the Protestant parish in the village then called Rozogi. Protestant residents living here today belong to the parish in Szczytno within the Masurian diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

Roman Catholic parish

In 1982 a Roman Catholic parish was founded in Rozogi. After 1945, numerous new Polish citizens, almost without exception, of the Catholic denomination, moved into the village and claimed the previously Protestant church as their place of worship. Before 1945, the Catholics had to take routes to Liebenberg (Polish: clone ) or other routes to the churches in Ostrołęka or Myszyniec . Today's parish of St. Maria Magdalena is included in the Rozogi deanery , which belongs to the Archdiocese of Warmia .

Coat of arms of the village

Former village coat of arms of Friedrichshof / Rozogi

The local coat of arms of Friedrichshof probably came from the first half of the 20th century. Before 1945, the place name was "FRIEDRICHSHOF - Ostpreussen", the course of the river was labeled "Rosogga", and above the year 1645 was the note "Founded". The coat of arms showed a windmill and ears of corn, including a steam locomotive, and opposite the church.

Until 2017, the village coat of arms - then with a different because Polish lettering - was the coat of arms of Gmina Rozogi .

school

The school building in Rozogi

An elementary school was founded in Friedrichshof under the reign of King Friedrich Wilhelm I. In 1898 it was given a new building opposite the church. Six classes were taught in it. The last German school principal was Rudolf Spriewald .

In 1830 the village received a teachers' college and a preparatory institute . In 1894 the seminar was relocated to Ortelsburg (Polish: Szczytno) , and in 1898 the preparation institute was moved to Mohrungen ( Morąg ).

local community

Map of Gmina Rozogi

The rural community (gmina wiejska) Rozogi includes the village itself and 14 other villages with school offices (sołectwa). The area is 224.4 km²

traffic

Streets

The Polish state road 53 (former German Reichsstraße 134 , which ended here) runs through Rozogi from Olsztyn (Allenstein) to Ostrołęka . The national road 59 , which leads from Giżycko (Lötzen) via Mrągowo (Sensburg) to here, ends in Rozogi . The village is connected to the neighboring region via smaller side roads.

rails

Opening of the Ortelsburger Kleinbahn in Friedrichshof

From 1884 to 1962 Friedrichshof resp. Rozogi train station on the Puppen – Myszyniec line of the Ortelsburger Kleinbahn . The line was continued in 1915/16 as the Army Field Railway to Myszyniec and after 1945 to Grabowo near Ostrołęka . 1962 came the "end" for the northern part of the route, 1973 also for the remaining southern part.

Personalities

Native of the place

  • Erich Granaß (born October 31, 1877 in Friedrichshof), German lawyer, member of the Berlin City Council († 1958)
  • Janusz Kotowski (born March 25, 1966 in Rozogi), Polish politician, city president in Ostrołęka .

Connected to the place

  • Paul Hensel (1867–1944), German Protestant theologian, member of the Prussian House of Representatives, trustee of Masuria, was assistant preacher at the Friedrichshof church from 1891 to 1893
  • Herbert Braun (1903–1991), German Protestant theologian, imprisoned as a member of the Confessing Church, professor of the New Testament in Berlin and Mainz, was assistant preacher at the Friedrichshof church from 1930 to 1931.

Web links

Commons : Rozogi  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Wieś Rozogi w liczbach
  2. ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013 , p. 1085
  3. ↑ The "real" Rozoga flows further east and arises from the confluence of the Jerutka (eastern canal ) and Radostówka (western canal )
  4. ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : "Self-determination for East Germany - A Documentation on the 50th Anniversary of the East and West Prussian Referendum on July 11, 1920"; Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 94
  5. ^ Rolf Jehke, Friedrichshof District
  6. ↑ The history and location of Rozogi - Friedrichshof at ostpreussen.net
  7. ^ Archive picture of the coat of arms from the time before 1945
  8. ↑ a b Friedrichshof at the Ortelsburg district community
  9. ↑ a b Friedwald Moeller, Old Prussian Evangelical Pastors' Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945 , Hamburg 1968, p. 39