Clone (Rozogi)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
clone
Clone does not have a coat of arms
Clone (Poland)
clone
clone
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Warmia-Masuria
Powiat : Szczytno
Gmina : Rozogi
Geographic location : 53 ° 28 '  N , 21 ° 17'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 27 '52 "  N , 21 ° 17' 0"  E
Residents : 434 (2011)
Postal code : 12-114
Telephone code : (+48) 89
License plate : NSZ
Economy and Transport
Street : Rozogi / DK 53 - Wilamowo ↔ Wujaki - Księży Lasek
Cis / DK 53– Kilimany ↔ Zawojki - Dąbrowy / DK 53
Księży Lasek - Radostowo - Orzeszki → clone
Rail route : no rail connection
Next international airport : Danzig



Klon ( German  Liebenberg ) is a village in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship . It belongs to the Gmina Rozogi (Friedrichshof) in the Powiat Szczycieński ( Ortelsburg district ).

Geographical location

Klon is located in the southern center of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship , 22 kilometers southeast of the district town of Szczytno ( German  Ortelsburg ).

Look at clone

history

Place name

The area around Klon is flat, only in the north it is hilly and is determined here by the hill once called Liebenberg , which rises 166 meters and gave the village its German name. Today the mountain is called Klonowa Góra in Polish , and the place name "Klon" means maple (tree) in German .

Local history

Lienberg was founded in 1654 as a Schatulldorf. The charter of foundation is dated November 5th of that year, it names Hans Simon as the first village mayor of Liebenberg, who received the order to "occupy the settlement with a team". After seven years, 30 Schatullköllmer had been performed; by the end of the 17th century there were 51.

The great plague (1709–1711) claimed considerable victims among the inhabitants and severely impaired economic development. After that, 22 farm positions lay fallow, for which new managers had to be laboriously found. Economic problems also caused the annual floods. Agricultural yields were very modest until the 19th century. A change for the better came with the construction of the East Canal ( Jerutka in Polish ), a state improvement program from 1870.

Village street in clone

On July 16, 1874, Liebenberg became an administrative village, giving its name to an administrative district in the Ortelsburg district . It existed until 1945 in the Königsberg district (from 1905: Allenstein district ) in the Prussian province of East Prussia .

1155 inhabitants were registered in Liebenberg in 1910, in 1885 it was 1567. In 1933 the population was 1030 and in 1939 it was 983.

Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population voted in the referendums in East and West Prussia on July 11, 1920 on whether they would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus Germany) or join Poland. In Liebenberg, 887 residents voted to remain with East Prussia, while Poland had 19 votes.

When all of southern East Prussia fell to Poland in 1945 as a result of the war , Liebenberg was also affected. The village received the Polish name form "Klon" and is today with the seat of a Schulzenamt (Polish Sołectwo ) a place in the network of the rural community Rozogi (Friedrichshof) in the powiat Szczycieński ( Ortelsburg district ), until 1998 the Ostrołęka Voivodeship , since then the Warmia Voivodeship Masuria belonging.

Liebenberg District (1874–1945)

When it was established, the Liebenberg district consisted of seven villages, in the end there were eight:

German name Changed name
until 1945		 Polish name Remarks
Old Czayken from 1933:
Alt Kiwitten		 Starlings Czajki
Friedrichsthal Cis
Liebenberg clone
Lipniak (near Liebenberg) from 1938:
Friedrichshagen (Ostpr.)		 Kilimany
New Czayken from 1933:
New Kiwitten		 Nowe Czajki
Wystemp from 1934:
Höhenwerder		 Występ
Zawoyken from 1934:
Lilienfelde		 Zawojki
from 1881:
Wujaken 		from 1934:
Ohmswalde		 Wujaki until 1881: Fürstenwalde district

In 1945, Alt Kiwitten, Friedrichshagen (Ostpr.), Friedrichsthal, Höhenwerder, Liebenberg, Lilienfelde, Neu Kiwitten and Ohmswalde belonged to the Liebenberg district.

church

Evangelical

The dilapidated Protestant church in Klon

Church building

In 1935, construction of a Protestant church began in Liebenberg. The building land was made available by the farmer Adam Nitzinski . The inauguration of the church took place in February 1937. It is a plastered brick building with a freestanding wooden bell tower. The building is so dilapidated that it has not been used for a long time.

Parish

Before 1945, about 50% of the residents of Liebenberg were Protestant. They belonged to the church Friedrichshof of the superintendent district Ortelsburg in the parish of Ortelsburg within the church province of East Prussia of the church of the Old Prussian Union . The distance to the church was more than five kilometers. Church services were held on Sundays in the Liebenberg Evangelical School until a separate church was built here.

Today only a few Protestant residents live in Klon after fleeing and being expelled. They now belong to the parish in Szczytno (Ortelsburg) in the Masuria diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

Parish places

In the ten years of existence of the parish of Liebenberg, three places belonged to the parish :

Pastor

The first and last clergyman of Liebenberg's Evangelical Church was Pastor Siegfried Kühnapfel .

Roman Catholic

The catholic church with rectory in Klon

Church building

The Catholic Church in Liebenberg was built in 1859/60. It was consecrated in 1861 and consecrated in 1869 as the Church of the Finding of the Cross ( Polish: Kościół Znalezienia Krzyża Świętego ).

The structure was built from roughly worked field stone . In 1910 the church got a tower with a pointed roof. The ringing consisted of three bells that had to be delivered for ammunition purposes during the First World War . They were replaced in 1920 by three new bells that could be preserved during World War II .

The interior of the church consisted of the main altar and two side altars, a pulpit and a choir gallery with an organ . Today the church is in a handsome state of construction.

Parish

About 45% of the Liebenberg population was Roman Catholic. By 1964 it formed a branch community of Groß Leschienen ( Lesiny Wielkie in Polish ). After that the village had its own pastor. When the church was founded, a Catholic cemetery was also laid out behind the church, and the rectory, which is still preserved today, was built later.

Before 1945 the parish of Liebenberg was incorporated into the deanery Masuria I with its seat in Angerburg ( Polish : Węgorzewo ) in what was then the diocese of Warmia . Today the Catholic Church in Klon belongs to the Rozogi (Friedrichshof) deanery in what is now the Archdiocese of Warmia .

Parish places

Before 1945, the extensive parish of Liebenberg included more than twenty villages, localities and residential areas.

Pastor

The pastors held office at the Catholic Church in Liebenberg until 1945:

  • Johann Heller, 1864–1865
  • August Weichsel, 1865–1869
  • August Stock, until 1886
  • Viktor Warkowski, until 1891
  • Johann Kossendey, until 1898
  • Andreas Bajenski, until 1903
  • Paul Grunenberg, until 1926
  • Karl Langwald, from 1936
  • Karl Jablonken, until 1930
  • Josef Przeperski, from 1938
  • Alfons Schulz, 1939–1942
  • Georg Heide, 1942–1945

Culture and sights

Fire watchtower

The fire watch tower near Liebenberg

Before 1945, a windmill was a symbol of Liebenberg next to the mountain . It was built in 1870 on a spur of the Liebenberg near the village. Today a fire watch tower that can be seen from afar shows the way to Liebenberg. There is a wonderful view from above.

Wooden houses

Wooden house in clone

Liebenberg is considered a typical Masurian place. It is one of the last villages in Masuria that has been preserved in its original state. The view of the 40 or so wooden houses that stand along the main street - some of them with playful arcade gables - is impressive.

Old graveyard

The old evangelical cemetery in Klon

The former Protestant cemetery with its historical floor plan as well as tombstones and crosses dates from the time before 1945 .

school

After 1870 both a Protestant and a Roman Catholic elementary school were established in Liebenberg . Both were two-tier.

traffic

Klon is located at the intersection of three secondary roads that link the village with the surrounding area and connect it in various ways to the nearby Polish state road 53 (formerly German Reichsstraße 134 ). From Rozogi (Friedrichshof) a road leads via Wujaki ( Wujaken , 1934 to 1945 Ohmswalde ) to Księży Lasek (Fürstenwalde) , which crosses the side road from Cis (Friedrichsthal) to Dąbrowy in Klon . In town ends a road that comes from Księży Lasek via Radostowo ( Radostowen , 1936 to 1945 Rehbruch ).

There is no connection to rail traffic .

Trivia

There is a legend about the Liebenberg (Polish : Klonowa Góra ) near Liebenberg :

A shepherd boy who was tending the cattle here on a Sunday many years ago and lying on the ground heard the bells of a church in the mountain that had sunk here even earlier. He immediately alerted the villagers, who advanced in large numbers with spades and shovels and, after a long period of hard work, had also exposed the top of the church tower. When the digging continued and the primitive tools couldn't get anywhere, one of the farmers cursed the laborious work. Immediately the tower sank deeper into the earth and all further efforts were unsuccessful.

Web links

Commons : clone  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Wieś clone w liczbach
  2. ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013 , p. 475
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Franz Fehrmann, Liebenberg am "Liebenberg" near the Ortelsburg district community
  4. ^ Dietrich Lange, Geographical Register of Places East Prussia (2005): Liebenberg
  5. ↑ a b c d e f clone - Liebenberg at ostpreussen.net
  6. ↑ a b c Liebenberg at the Ortelsburg district community
  7. ^ A b Rolf Jehke, Liebenberg district
  8. ^ Uli Schubert, community directory, Ortelsburg district
  9. ↑ a b Michael Rademacher, local book, Ortelsburg district
  10. ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : self-determination for East Germany. Documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 96
  11. ^ Urząd Gminy Rozogi: Sołectwa
  12. ^ Liebenberg (Ortelsburg district) at GenWiki
  13. ^ Archive photo of the Evangelical Church in Liebenberg
  14. ↑ a b Liebenberg (clone) in Masuria Poland at Polish online
  15. ↑ Walther Hubatsch , History of the Evangelical Church of East Prussia , Volume 3 Documents , Göttingen 1968, p. 496
  16. ↑ Friedwald Moeller, Old Prussian Evangelical Pastors' Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945 , Hamburg 1968, p. 86
  17. ↑ a b Liebenberg, finding the cross at GenWiki
  18. ↑ district Szczytno at AGoFF