Friedrich Karl I. zu Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst

Friedrich Karl I. Joseph, Prince of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst (born May 5, 1814 in Stuttgart , † December 26, 1884 in Kupferzell ) was a member of the House of Hohenlohe . He held the title of Hereditary Prince until 1839 and the title of Prince from 1839 to 1884 .

Life

Friedrich was a son of Prince Karl Albrecht III. and his second wife Leopoldine, Princess zu Fürstenberg . When his father left the Württemberg army , Friedrich and his parents came to the court of his uncle Karl Egon II, Prince zu Fürstenberg in Donaueschingen . From 1823 to 1828 he attended the local high school. In 1829 he began to study at the academy in Geneva and from 1831 continued his studies at the universities in Heidelberg and Tübingen . In 1833 he entered the Austrian military service as a lieutenant and joined the Kaiser-Nikolaus- Hussars in Pardubitz , but then entered the diplomatic service and was from 1835 to 1837 military attaché to the Austrian embassy in St. Petersburg . In autumn 1837, at the personal request of Tsar Nicholas I, he became his wing adjutant . In the Russian service he took part in two campaigns against the Circassians in the Caucasus in 1838 and received a golden saber of honor from the tsar as an award for his bravery .

Württemberg nobleman

On December 26, 1839, Friedrich succeeded his father, who voluntarily relinquished his legal status , as Prince of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst and Württemberg registrar . Until the death of his father in 1843, Friedrich also exercised the seniority of the father as the eldest of the entire Hohenlohe house . His permanent residence was in Kupferzell , but he spent the two years of the German Revolution from 1848 to 1849 in Brussels . In 1848 he was a member of the preliminary parliament . In 1850 he was appointed Russian general à la suite and returned to St. Petersburg in 1854 during the Crimean War . At the coronation of Tsar Alexander II , he became Russian adjutant general , and in 1864 lieutenant general . As a registrar, he was in possession of a mandate in the First Chamber of the Württemberg estates . Until 1863, however, he never appeared in person in the state parliament in Stuttgart and was then usually represented by his son, the Hereditary Prince Nikolaus. Politically, Friedrich was concerned with safeguarding his civil interests and he was therefore involved in the association of German civil servants. As president, he took over the chairmanship of the consortium of Württemberg noblemen. In addition to these personal interests, he was also very active in social policy . In 1848, for example, he founded the district charity association for the Hohenlohe-Waldenburg estate and headed it as president until his death. Thanks to his commitment, many other foundations and charitable institutions were established. These included 1844 women in childbed institution in Waldenburg, 1844, the Leopoldine Society in Kupferzell, 1852, the Theresa Foundation, 1854 St. Catherine Foundation, 1854 Charles School for young children, in 1861 a hospital (called Leopoldinenpflege) and 1870 of the Medical Association for the victims of the Franco-German War .

Between 1850 and 1861 Friedrich was guardian of Karl and Albert zu Hohenlohe-Bartenstein. Since 1850 he acted as senior of the Waldenburg lines and from 1861 as a real senior of the entire Hohenlohe House and was master of the Hohenlohe House Order .

Heraldist

Friedrich zu Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst is considered an important German heraldist and the founder of modern sealing . In the field of heraldry , he has made a name for himself by providing scientific evidence of heraldic fur and its importance. He recorded his research in numerous monographs , which he published in the archive for Hohenlohe history published by Joseph Albrecht, the Hohenlohe domain director, in the journal of the historical association for the Württemberg franc, in the Württemberg quarterly journal for regional history, in the Munich archival Magazine, in the correspondence sheet of the Gesamtverein der Deutschen Geschichts- und Altertumsvereine, in the Anzeiger of the Germanisches Museum in Nuremberg, in the yearbooks of the heraldic- genealogical association Adler in Vienna, in the organ of the heraldic association Herold in Berlin and others, as well as in some special publications.

family

Friedrich Karl I. Joseph belonged to the Roman Catholic Church and married Therese (1816–1891), daughter of Prince Franz Joseph zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst on November 26, 1840 in Langenburg , with whom he had the following children:

• Nikolaus (1841–1886), 6th Prince of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst

⚭ 1869 Sarah Maria, Princess Esterhazy to Galantha

• Viktor (1842–1885), Count of Waldenburg,

⚭ 1870 Marie Christine Cathérine Baroness van Neukirchen, known as Nyvenheim

• Alexandra (* / † 1844)
• Friedrich (* / † 1845)
• Friedrich Karl II. (1846–1924), 7th Prince of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst,

⚭ 1889 Therese , Countess of Erbach-Fürstenau

• Clovis (1848–1929),

⚭ 1. 1877 Countess Franziska Esterházy von Galántha;

⚭ 2. 1890 Countess Sarolta Mailáth de Székhely

• Karl Egon (1849-1910)
• Therese (1851–1923),

⚭ 1870 Count Otto von Rechberg and Rothenlöwen zu Hohenrechberg

• Ludwig Gustav (1856–1877).

In the last decades of his life, Friedrich Karl lived almost exclusively in his castle in Kupferzell and died there after a long and serious illness.

Works (selection)

• On the history of the Fürstenberg coat of arms , 1860 ( digital )
• The coat of arms of the Reichsschenken von Limpurg , 1861
• About the seals of the Count Palatine of Tübingen , 1862
• The Saxon Rautenkranz , Stuttgart 1864 ( digital )
• The German colors , 1866
• Heraldic and decorative fur in the Middle Ages , Stuttgart, 1867/1876 ( digital )
• On the use of heraldic crests in the Middle Ages , Stuttgart, 1868
• On the history of the heraldic double-headed eagle , 1871
• Sphragistic system for the classification of old seals according to their four different main types , 1877
• The linden tree in heraldry, in sphragistics and as an ornament , 1878
• About Siegelcarenz , 1882
• Sphragistic aphorisms: 300 medieval seals , 1882 ( digital )
• About common seals , 1883

literature

• Hans Dieter Haller: Friedrich Karl I. Prince of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg (1814 to 1884). [In]: Ders .: Pegasus in the country: writers in Hohenlohe. Baier, Crailsheim 2006, ISBN 3-929233-62-2 , pp. 202-207.
• Gert Oswald : Lexicon of Heraldry. VEB Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig 1984.
• Frank Raberg : Biographical handbook of the Württemberg state parliament members 1815-1933 . On behalf of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-17-016604-2 , p. 389 .
• Karl Weller:  Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst, Friedrich Karl Fürst to . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 50, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1905, pp. 442-444.
• Friedrich Karl Hereditary Prince of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg: Friedrich Karl I, 5th Prince of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst 1814–1884. Imperial Russian Lieutenant General. In: Yearbook of the Historical Association for Württembergisch Franconia Volume 46 (1962), pp. 203-240.
• Friedrich Karl zu Hohenlohe-Waldenburg: Friedrich Karl I. Prince of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst: nobleman, military, sphragistician; 1814-1884. [In]: Lebensbilder from Baden-Württemberg Volume 21 (2005), pp. 119–149.

Web links

• Prince Friedrich Karl I in the Hohenlohe Central Archive in Neuenstein

Notes and individual references

1. ↑ Federal Archives: Members of the Pre-Parliament and the Fifties Committee (PDF file; 79 kB)