Gniewino
| Gniewino | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Wejherowski | ||
| Gmina : | Gniewino | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 43 ' N , 18 ° 0' E | ||
| Residents : | 1710 | ||
| Postal code : | 84-250 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 58 | ||
| License plate : | GWE | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Gardkowice - Czymanowo | ||
| Perlino - Rybno | |||
| Strzebielinko - Tadzino | |||
| Rail route : | no rail connection | ||
| Next international airport : | Danzig | ||
Gniewino ( German Gnewin , Kashubian Gniéwino ) is a village with the seat of the rural municipality of the same name in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship and belongs to the powiat Wejherowski .
Geographical location
The village is located in Western Pomerania , near the former border with West Prussia , about twelve kilometers south of the Baltic Sea coast and 19 kilometers northwest of Wejherowo (Neustadt) .
The place can be reached via secondary roads. There is no longer a train connection.
history
Gnewin - in old times also called Groß Gnewin ( Grote Gnewin ) - was probably originally a Pirchsches estate and around 1474 belonged to the Zarnowitz Monastery (now in Polish: Zarnowiec ), which soon sold it to Klaus von Weiher . Around 1700 the estate went to the Jatzkow family , the heirs of Gnewin and Gnewinki (also known as Klein Gnewin ). In 1756 they belonged to the majorate estates of Herr von Rexin .
The owner Max von Pirch-Wobensin had the property split up in 1930/31 with 1129 hectares and 67 sites.
Until 1945 Gnewin belonged to the district of Lauenburg in Pomerania in the administrative district of Köslin in the Prussian province of Pomerania . The place formed an administrative district to which the communities Bychow (now Polish: Bychowo), Enzow (Jęczewo), Groß Perlin (Perlino), Klein Perlin (Perlinko), Lissow (Lisewo), Mersin (Mierzyno) and Tadden (Tadzino) belonged . Gnewin was also the seat of a registry office . The competent district court was that in Lauenburg (Lębork).
Towards the end of the Second World War , the Red Army occupied the region in the spring of 1945 . Soon afterwards the Lauenburg district, together with the whole of Western Pomerania, was placed under Polish administration . Then the immigration of Polish civilians began. Gnewin received the Polish name Gniewino . In the period that followed the Alteinwohner from Gnewin were sold .
After 1945 the place came to the powiat Wejherowski in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship (until 1998 Gdansk Voivodeship ). Today it is part and the official seat of Gmina Gniewino.
Population development
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1867 | 184 | |
| 1871 | 193 | including 190 Evangelicals and three Catholics |
| 1910 | 408 | |
| 1925 | 691 | 641 Protestants and 48 Catholics |
| 1933 | 864 | |
| 1939 | 914 |
church
Village church
The Gnewiner Church is a brick shell from 1890. The previous church burned down at the beginning of the 17th century. Since 1945, the previously evangelical church has been owned by the Catholic Church, which gave it the name of Św. Józef Robotnik gave.
Parish
The Gnewin Parish was created in the pre-Reformation period. With the Reformation , Lutheran teaching found its way here. In 1570 the first Protestant church visitation took place, which the Pomeranian Duke Johann Friedrich had carried out.
The Gnewin parish before 1945 was very large, as it had twelve parish villages: Burgsdorf (now Polish: Toliszczek), Bychow (Bychowo), Friedrichsrode (Strzebielinko), Gnewinke (Gniewinko), Groß Perlin (Perlino), Klein Perlin (Perlinko) , Kolkau (Kolkowo), Lissow (Lisewo), Mersin (Mierzyno), Nadolle (Nadole), Oppalin (Opalino), Rauschendorf (Czymanowo) and Tadden (Tadzino).
The Protestant parish belonged to the parish of Lauenburg in Pomerania (Lębork) in the church province of Pomerania of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . In 1940 there were 2,061 parishioners.
The numerically very few Catholic church members were looked after by the parish Tillau (Tyłowo).
That changed decisively after 1945. Due to the flight and expulsion of the Germans and the settlement of Poles, the majority of the population now living here belonged to the Catholic Church. A parish of its own was established in Gniewino in 1977, and the place became the seat of a deanery , which has belonged to the Pelplin diocese of the Catholic Church in Poland since 1992 .
Protestant church members now living here are assigned to the far-away parish of the Kreuzkirche parish in Słupsk ( Stolp ) in the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland , whose nearest sermon site is in Lębork ( Lauenburg ).
Pastor 1535 to 1945
From the Reformation to the end of the Second World War, 21 Protestant clergymen officiated in Gnewin:
- Nikolaus Petrokisius, 1547–1559
- Johann Wattike, 1559–1562
- Matthias Petrokisius (son of 1st), 1562–1565
- Laurentius Schmalka, 1566–1580
- Paulus Hartke, 1581–1590
- Petrus Riscovius,? -?
- Daniel Rudewick, 1644-1670
- Georg Bansius, 1672–1699
- Jakob Swietlicki, 1700–1744
- Gottfried Poplowski, 1745–1761
- Johann Steinkampf, 1762–1806
- Johannes Jakobus Tybusch, 1807–1822
- Johann Traugott Zuther, 1824–1832
- Karl August Theodor Bodin, 1837–1851
- Philipp Anton Heinrich Schmitt, 1852-1853
- Heinrich Joachim Karl Lüttke, 1855–1886
- Max Louis Trapp, 1887-1893
- Reinhold Ferdinand Hoffmeister, 1894–1904
- Ferdinand Robert Walter Ehmann, 1905–1909
- Reinhold Noll, 1910–1928
- Johannes Scheel, 1929–1945
Deanery Gniewino
Gniewino is now the seat of one of the 30 deaneries of the newly formed Pelplin diocese of the Catholic Church in Poland . For deanery district consists of nine parishes: Białogóra ( Wittenberg ), Bożepole Wielkie ( United Boschpol ) Brzeżno Lęborskie ( Bresin ) Choczewo (until 1937 Choczewo , 1938-1945 Gotendorf ) Gniewino ( Gnewin ) Kostkowo ( Althammer ) Łęczyce ( Lanz ), Wierzchucino ( Wierschutzin ) and Zwartowo ( Schwartow ).
Sons and daughters of the place
- Reinhard Blum (* 1933), German university professor emeritus for business administration
Gmina Gniewino
The rural community Gniewino covers an area of 176.2 km², which corresponds to 13.74% of the total area of the powiat Wejherowski . More than 7400 inhabitants are registered here.
traffic
The Gniewino municipal area is only accessible via smaller but very numerous side roads and many country roads.
Until 2001 (passenger traffic) and 2004 (freight traffic), the area of the Gniewino municipality was connected to the rail network.
In 1902 the Neustadt - Prüssau small railway built the line from Neustadt in West Prussia (now in Polish: Wejherowo) via Rieben (Rybno) to Prüssau (Prusewo), in 1905 further to Chottschow (Choczewo), and in 1910 the extension took place Route through the Chottschow - Garzigar small railway to Garzigar (Garczegorze) on the Lauenburg (Lębork) - Leba (Łeba) railway line .
On this small railway line in the area of today's Gmina Gniewino were the train stations: Rieben (Rybno), Schluschow (Słuszewo), Lissow (Lisewo), Kolkau-Gnewin (Gniewino), Friedrichsrode (Strzebielinko) and Burgsdorf-Bychow (Toliszczek).
Between 1919 and 1939, rail operations were interrupted due to the demarcation of the Polish Corridor between Gohra (1939 to 1945 Überbrück , today Zamostne) and Rieben (Rybno).
literature
- Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Vor and Hinter Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2: Description of the to the judicial district of the Royal. State colleges in Cößlin belonging to the Eastern Pomeranian districts . Stettin 1784, p. 1071, paragraph (29) .
- Franz Schultz : History of the Lauenburg district in Pomerania. 1912 ( digitized version )
- Ernst Müller: The Protestant clergy of Pomerania from the Reformation to the present. Part 2, Stettin 1912
Web links
- Gnewin at U. Kerntopf
- Lauenburg home district in Pomerania
- The community Gnewin in the former Lauenburg district in Pomerania (2011), Gunthard Stübs and Pomeranian Research Association ( Memento from September 8, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
- Website of Gmina Gniewino (Polish)
Footnotes
- ^ Leopold von Zedlitz-Neukirch : New Prussian Adels Lexicon . Volume 3, Leipzig 1837, pp. 28-29.
- ↑ a b Prussian State Statistical Office: The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population ( the municipalities and manor districts of the province of Pomerania ). Berlin 1873, pp. 164-165, no. 20.
- ↑ Gunthard Stübs and Pomeranian Research Association: The community Gnewin in the former Lauenburg district in Pomerania (2011)
- ↑ a b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. lauenburg_p.html # ew39laupgnewin. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).