Thank god king

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Gottlob König, lithograph by Christian Inger

Gottlob König (born July 18, 1779 in Hardisleben , † October 22, 1849 in Eisenach ) was a German forest scientist . Because of his significant contributions to the development of forest science, he is mostly counted among the so-called "forest classics" ( encyclopedists ).

Life

Thank God King's parents were Johann Christoph König (1743–1789), clerk in Hardisleben and his wife Johanne Juliane Wilhelminia Kirsten (* 1752; † after 1794). König attended the Wilhelm-Ernst-Gymnasium in Weimar and then in 1794 started his forestry apprenticeship with Heinrich Cotta in Zillbach . There he received the apprenticeship certificate in 1796 as Cotta's first student. He was also a student of the forest mathematician Johann Wilhelm Hoßfeld . After several years of service in the Ducal-Saxon-Weimar Jägercorps , he came to Ilmenau for further training . From 1800 to 1802 Gottlob König took part in the Prussian forest management work in Westphalia . In 1802 he was appointed head hunter and had an apprenticeship for geometry at the Cottas college from 1803 to 1805 , whose brother-in-law he became when he married a sister Christel Cottas, née Ortmann.

After his release from the Jägercorps, he was transferred to Ruhla near Eisenach as a district forester in 1805 . In the Ruhla Forest he started training young foresters. In 1813, König obtained the recognition of his private forest institute from the duke and was appointed head forester , and in 1819 then forest council.

In 1821 he was appointed to the board of the newly established Forest Taxation Commission and in 1829 to a member of the Oberforstamt Eisenach. A year later, he and his forestry school moved there. His school was finally recognized by the state and, as the Grand Ducal Saxon Forestry School in Eisenach, was given the status of a state forestry school, whose director was König until his death. In 1837, König was promoted to the Oberforstrat for his achievements and received an honorary doctorate from the University of Jena in 1840 for his services to the systematic development of forest science.

family

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Life dates of the sister-in-law are implausible (see discussion)

In 1805 he married Wilhelmine Friederike Juliane Ortmann (1781–1864). The sister of his wife Christiane Ortmann (1739–1802) was the wife of the forest scientist Heinrich Cotta . King had four children, three of whom died early. The surviving son Edwin König (born September 28, 1815, † 1846/47) became a forest councilor in Anhalt.

Services

The Königstein named in honor of the forest scientist in the Mariental near Eisenach, where König worked extensively.

King's importance lies above all in the expansion of forest mathematics - he was one of the founders of dendrometry (forest measuring theory) - and the consideration of land management aspects in forestry . His book Die Forst-Mathematik (Forest Mathematics) , published in 1835, is important, with instructions on forest measurement, wood estimation and forest value calculation, along with help panels for forest appraisers . In it he coined the term “form number calculation”, cited yield tables and explained his combined framework, a refinement of the surface framework developed by Cotta. His forest appraisal method later became the basis of the theory of pure soil yield . His economic remarks in the forest management works for individual districts are still among the best that have ever been written. Not least thanks to his teaching activity, König became a reformer of the Thuringian forestry.

With his main work, the 1849 short published after his death, forest management , he brought that term into the forest science and came in for the preservation of soil fertility, portfolio servicing and mixed forest grounds one. König was an opponent of the deforestation economy . He advocated natural regeneration and the conservation of the European beech .

König also thought about forest aesthetics and taught about "beautifying the forests". He published his views on this in 1844 under the title Poetry of Silviculture in the Forest Cotta album . Practical examples were created around the Wartburg , where König had forest paths laid out with views. With his ideas he had a strong impact on Heinrich von Salisch and Arnold Freiherr von Vietinghoff-Riesch . With all his heart for forest public relations work , König always tried to promote the forest visit . This was achieved by building roads, securing paths and bridges and also by prohibiting riding. In addition, König also dealt with questions of forest protection, land maintenance, the creation of windbreaks and the reforestation of heaps .

Fonts (selection)

  • Instructions for wood taxation. A manual for every forester and timber dealer. (The forest organization teaching. Second part: wood taxation) , Gotha 1813 ( digitized version )
  • The forest mathematics with instructions for forest measurement, wood estimation and forest value calculation, together with help panels for forest appraisers , (Die Forstwissenschaft, 1st main division), Gotha 1835
    • 3rd edition: Forest mathematics within the limits of economic application together with auxiliary boards for forest appraisal and daily forest service (The forest science first main division), Gotha 1846 ( digitized version )
  • Forest boards for the measurement, content and valuation of processed wood, standing trees and entire forest stands , Gotha 1842
  • Basic principles of beech education , 1846
  • Forest care from nature and experience redefined (Forest Treatment, Part 2; Forest Science Third Main Department), Gotha 1849

literature

Web links

Commons : Gottlob König  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikiquote: Thank God König  - Quotes
personal data
SURNAME King, thank God
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German forest scientist
DATE OF BIRTH July 18, 1779
PLACE OF BIRTH Hardisleben
DATE OF DEATH October 22, 1849
Place of death Eisenach