Hardisleben
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Hardisleben
Rural community of Buttstädt
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| Height : | 180 m |
| Area : | 9.43 km² |
| Residents : | 551 (December 31, 2017) |
| Population density : | 58 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 2019 |
| Postal code : | 99628 |
| Area code : | 036377 |
Hardisleben is a district of the rural community Buttstädt in the district of Sömmerda in Thuringia .
geography
Hardisleben is located in the eastern part of the Thuringian Basin between Ettersberg and Finne.
history
Early history
The settlement of the area can already be proven in the Stone Age . From 3000 to 2000 BC Finds from the era of corded ceramics , such as a mug with a handle, date back to BC . There were six graves from the Neolithic Age in the Ellinger Pit. There are also relics from the Bronze Age (2000–100 BC) at the Wiesenmühle, in the Harschbachtal, on the Dornberg and on the Hohen Stade. Among them were bowls 33 centimeters in diameter and 13 centimeters high, pots, sickles, gouges, needles, belt buckles and broken glass.
Kingdom of Thuringia
see also: History of Thuringia
In the third century a West Germanic tribal association, the Warnen from North Schleswig, settled in the area of Hardisleben. A hundred in Hardisleben found in the Lossabogen , on the Auberg, an ideal area for secure protection. Fortifications were created in the form of a moat. The first settlement founded by the Warnen was in the tavern as far as the Niedermühle "Schenkenhohle". Warning settlements were clustered villages , inhabited by a large clan. The families ran pasture and field farming together. Experts consider the 50 meter long giant grave, trenches and walls in Harassholz, the jumps and the ridge on the Loh to be traces of the time of the Great Migration . A second settlement was founded by the Warnen around 300 in the area of today's Oberdorf. The protective moated castle , built around 300 as a rampart and later expanded into a moated castle, became an old Thuringian manor around 500 AD. In 531 the kingdom was smashed by the defeat of the Thuringians in the Battle of the Unstrut . The area came under Frankish influence.
Beginning of the Middle Ages
As a result of the settlement of Frankish soldiers, a street and row village emerged. The castle of Hardisleben was converted into a Franconian Fronhof . This epoch is characterized by the transition from doubtful to three-field farming and the beginning of viticulture . The field name "Auf dem Weingarten" has its origin from this.
The moated castle in Hardisleben was not that well developed. It was conquered in a document together with the village under Ernst von der Lippe, razed in 1181 and taken into fiefdom. He was the feudal man of the Saxon Duke Heinrich the Lion , who was in the service of Barbarossa. Only in 1342 did the castle come under a Thuringian lord again.
Hardisleben was first mentioned in a document in 1230. The first reference to a fortification in the place came in 1239, when the witness Heinrich von Hardisleben was mentioned as a servant of the Thuringian landgrave.
In 1337, Count Hermann von Orlamünde bequeathed land and farms to the St. Nicolai altar in the St. John's Church in Hardisleben, so that a daily mass is read there for his salvation. Hardisleben belonged to Naumburg ecclesiastically and to the Landgrave of Thuringia since 1346 . Landgrave Friedrich II. (The serious one) had brought Hardisleben into his possession through war against Hermann von Weimar-Orlamünde . The moated castle was destroyed. In the following years the owners of Hardisleben changed several times through inheritance, pledging and purchase.
Hardisleben had developed into a pretty large place. In addition to the Johanneskirche (lower church) mentioned above, a wooden church was built on the cemetery grounds in 1487. They were called "To love women". It was disarmed again during the Reformation. When the population of Hardisleben converted to Protestant belief in 1538, the building was used as a barn and later burned down.
Hardisleben passed to the Duchy of Saxony-Weimar when Erfurt was partitioned in 1572 . In 1679, after a fire, the castle and Vorwerk as well as large parts of the village fell victim. The ducal box was built after 1700 under Duke Johann Ernst III. from Sachsen-Weimar to the pleasure palace for his wife. The parish church was rebuilt and equipped by 1715 . After the Duchess' death around 1738, the castle was converted into a hunting lodge. In 1739/40 the facility was expanded.
In 1945 parts of the building were demolished and in 1995 large parts were rebuilt.
Hardisleben Office
In 1554 there was the first teacher at the church. The church gave up several properties, including properties with a brewery on the Lossa and a kiln on the Harschbach. The property with the brewery was given to the community on May 29, 1572. In 1585 Duke Friedrich Wilhelm von Sachsen-Weimar bought the manor Hardisleben from Kurt von Münlich, including the village and the localities, Teutleben and Eßleben , and in 1590 added Mannstedt . These four localities together formed an administrative district. In 1590 the ducal office of Hardisleben was formed, which in 1735 was expanded to include the Brembach bailiwick and to which Rastenberg was temporarily also subordinated. Duke Friedrich Wilhelm lived here in the castle for hunting until 1627. The Fronfeste, which had been built in 1772, was located in front of the castle entrance. It contained not only an apartment for the official but also four prison rooms. The chains attached there were still on the wall of the property until recently.
Thirty Years War (1618-1648)
This war also left its mark on Hardisleben. The Johanniskirche was plundered, a barn (former church in Oberdorf) was broken into by soldiers in 1629 and oats and straw were stolen from it. The Auberg vineyard died out, and later the other facilities too. From 1630–31 the Hardisleben people built barriers, ditches, wooden bridges, fortifications with palisades and chains (fixed, horizontal wooden beams). In this way, the guards who were constantly on guard were able to better protect the village. On May 1st, 1679, there was a great conflagration. The fire was further fanned by storm winds, so that within two hours not only the entire Princely Palace and the associated Vorwerk (buildings used for agriculture), but also the church, parish and school buildings, the bakery and 51 residential buildings with all associated ancillary buildings burned down .
The construction and maintenance of 13 border and guard huts and a strictly organized system of guards had contributed to the fact that the plague, which raged in Guthmannshausen, Rastenberg and Buttstädt, could not penetrate Hardisleben from 1680 to 1684.
In 1683 a brick barn with the kiln was built in Hardisleben. It was on the "midnight side" of the village and belonged to the "gracious master". The kiln was hell and stood on what is now the Görmer family's property. The material for the bricks, the songs, was fetched on the other side of the Harschbach. This area is still called “Behind Hell” today. It is the newly developed residential area of Hardisleben. Every year 1200 bricks and 2000 bricks were burned in the kiln 6 times.
20th century and present
During the Second World War , 28 women and men from the Soviet Union and Poland had to do forced labor : on the Rastenberg estate and in the Ettersberg state forest .
On January 1, 2019, the Hardisleben community was merged with the other communities of the Buttstädt administrative community to form the Buttstädt rural community.
Attractions
Archaeological monuments
Neolithic burial mounds
Remains of what is believed to be a Neolithic burial mound are located 3.5 kilometers northeast of Hardisleben. Some of these were excavated old, no finds have survived. The diameter of the hills is 8 to 12 meters, the height that has been preserved is 0.5 to 1.2 meters.
Also 2.5 kilometers east of Hardisleben are the remains of three burial mounds, some of which (old) have been excavated. Two of the heavily eroded hills have a diameter of 12 meters and a height of 1 to 1.5 meters.
Medieval manor castle
The later newly built medieval manor castle has an irregular oval inner surface (diameter about 120 m). Parts of the wall were preserved on the east side of the complex; in the north and south partly the former circumferential ditch.
Population development
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Data source: Thuringian State Office for Statistics
politics
Municipal council
The local council in Hardisleben was composed of eight members of a free voter community (status: local election on May 6, 2010).
mayor
On June 6, 2010, Achim Vollrat was elected honorary mayor of the Hardisleben community with 204 of 226 votes cast. In Hardisleben there is the free voter community , it is the collecting basin or the union of all parties. This makes it impossible to identify which interests an elected person represents.
Personalities
Sons and Daughters of the Church:
- Johann Sebastian Mitternacht (1613–1679) theologian, rhetorician, pedagogue, playwright and baroque poet
- Gottlob König (1779–1849), forest scientist
- Heinz Volland (1921–2019), officer in the Bundeswehr
- Ludwig Prautzsch (* 1926), church musician
Trivia
From the past, the community suffers from the confused naming of houses with house numbers. In the booklet “ Draft for a topography of the administrative site Hardisleben” it is recorded that the houses at the castle in 1788 had the numbers 2-7 and the houses in the vineyard ended with the numbers 136-138. These names are continued to this day.
Individual evidence
- ↑ see http://www.denkmalschutz.de/denkmal/Jagdschloss.html
- ↑ S. Becker: Old view of the castle at Hardisleben. In: Thuringian farmers mirror. 16, 1939, p. 322.
- ^ Wolfgang Kahl : First mention of Thuringian towns and villages. A manual. 5th, improved and considerably enlarged edition. Rockstuhl, Bad Langensalza 2010, ISBN 978-3-86777-202-0 , p. 110.
- ↑ Heiko Laß: Hunting and pleasure castles. Art and culture of two sovereign building tasks. Shown on Thuringian buildings from the 17th and 18th centuries. Michael Imhof, Petersberg 2006, ISBN 3-86568-092-5 , pp. 320–321, (also: Aachen, Technical University, dissertation, 2004).
- ↑ Thomas Bienert: Medieval castles in Thuringia. 430 castles, castle ruins and fortifications. Wartberg-Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2000, ISBN 3-86134-631-1 , p. 287.
- ^ Paul Lehfeldt : Architectural and art monuments of Thuringia. Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach. Apolda administrative district. District court districts Jena, Allstedt, Apolda and Buttstädt. Gustav Fischer, Jena 1892, p. 397 .
- ↑ Thuringian Association of the Persecuted of the Nazi Regime - Association of Antifascists and Study Group of German Resistance 1933–1945 (Ed.): Local history guide to sites of resistance and persecution 1933–1945. Volume 8: Thuringia. VAS - Verlag für Akademische Schriften, Frankfurt am Main 2003, ISBN 3-88864-343-0 , p. 270.
- ↑ Sven Ostritz (Ed.): District Sömmerda (= Archaeological Hiking Guide Thuringia. H. 4). Beier & Beran, Langenweißbach 2005, ISBN 3-937517-24-3 , p. 77 f.
- ↑ Sven Ostritz (Ed.): District Sömmerda (= Archaeological Hiking Guide Thuringia. H. 4). Beier & Beran, Langenweißbach 2005, ISBN 3-937517-24-3 , p. 79.
- ↑ Election result ( Memento of the original from February 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the VG Buttstätt website (DOC; 13.5 kB), accessed on September 19, 2010.
Web links
Buttstädt | Ellersleben | Eßleben-Teutleben with Eßleben and Teutleben | Großbrembach | Guthmannshausen | Hardisleben | Kleinbrembach | Mannstedt | Olbersleben | Rudersdorf