Yrsch
Yrsch is the name of a noble family that was in the service of the Dukes of Palatinate-Neuburg and the Electors of the Palatinate ( Electoral Palatinate ) in the 17th century , and later in Bavarian and Austrian services. From 1676 the family owned a fiefdom for a short time in the Upper Palatinate , from 1684 to 1734 the Matzen Castle near Brixlegg in Tyrol, from 1690 in particular goods in the Kraichgau with the castle in Obergimpern , where the Catholic aristocratic family promoted recatholicization , and from 1785 as well Goods in Bavaria around Gut Freiham , which was the focus of the family from around 1785 to 1862. The family was raised to the rank of imperial count with Johann Nepomuk von Yrsch (1736-1811) in 1792 and divided into two lines in 1800 with the descendants of his sons Carl Theodor (1766-1854) and Carl August (1770-1845). The older line sold the property in Bavaria in 1887 and died out in 1899, the younger line has been called the Count of Yrsch-Pienzenau since 1857 , had its headquarters again in Obergimpern from 1862 and continues to this day. Through the marriage of heir daughters, the last properties came to the von Bülow and von Künsberg families in the middle of the 20th century .
history
The origins of the family are largely in the dark. The oldest known bearers of the name are a Mathäus Yrsch and a Michel Yrsch, who both died around 1632/33. The latter came from Regensburg to Rennertshofen near Neuburg an der Donau in 1626 and was there in 1632 bailiff, judge and customs officer. His son Johann Georg Yrsch (approx. 1580–1650) was a judge, bailiff and court chamber councilor. His son Johann Ferdinand Yrsch (1619–1701) was in the service of the Count Palatine of Pfalz-Neuburg and held numerous offices, including privy councilor, high chancellor and president of the court chamber. In 1676 he received the so-called Labrick fief from the Count Palatine, which consisted of estates scattered throughout the Upper Palatinate . In 1684 he also acquired Matzen Castle near Brixlegg in Tyrol.
After the Count Palatine of Neuburg in 1685 obtained the rank of Elector Johann Ferdinand gave the fief Labrick'sche back and received by the nunmehrigen elector in Heidelberg in 1690 that with the extinction of Obergimperner line of Lords of Helmstatt 1685 to Electoral Palatinate escheated Helmstatt'sche feud in Kraichgau , to which three quarters of Obergimpern , half of the village of Untergimpern and two thirds of Wagenbach, which is now part of Obergimpern, belonged. The corresponding feudal letter was only issued after delays caused by the War of the Palatinate Succession on November 10, 1711 by Elector Johann Wilhelm for Johann Ferdinand's son Philipp Ferdinand Freiherr von Yrsch (1647–1714). Philipp Ferdinand was initially the companion of the Elector's son and later came into the Austrian service, where he became a privy councilor and court chamber councilor at Innsbruck. Although, like his father, he lived most of the time in Neuburg or at Matzen Castle, he also took on the fiefdom in Kraichgau, which had been devastated after the Thirty Years' War and the War of the Palatinate Succession, for which he appointed a new bailiff in July 1709, Johann Lang.
In the Kraichgau, the Yrsch not only re-established public order within their rule, but in particular also emphatically recatholized the places that were once reformed under the Helmstatt , since the Yrsch and their employers, the electors of the Palatinate-Neuburg line, were Catholic. The denominational disputes lasted for a long time, and the Yrsch were rigorous in collecting the taxes demanded from their subjects, which led to repeated complaints from the communities.
After the death of Philipp Ferdinand, his sixth son Johann Carl Freiherr von Yrsch (1695–1766) succeeded him as lord of Matzen, Zinneberg ( Schloss Zinneberg of the Franzin von Zinneberg family on the Hohe Eppan near Bozen, origin of his wife), both Gimpern and Wagenbach on. He was a member of the Electoral Palatinate government and lived in Mannheim. In 1734 he sold the Matzen castle and estate, probably for economic reasons, and from 1740 had a large estate built on the Eulenberg near Obergimpern. Most of his property went to his son Johann Nepomuk Freiherr von Yrsch (1736–1811), who later inherited the inheritance of his unmarried brother Bernhard, but quickly sold the lords of Zinneberg and Mareit again, and in the 1760s the church and castle Obergimpern became important remodeled.
After Elector Karl Theodor moved the electoral residence from Mannheim to Munich, Johann Nepomuk von Yrsch was also recalled there in 1779 to modernize agriculture in Schleissheim as administrator of all electoral Bavarian goods . In 1785 he acquired the Freiham domain near Munich, which he had originally bought for the state shortly before , and which then became the family's headquarters for around a century. In 1792 he was raised to the rank of imperial count . His four sons from his marriage to Johanna Sophia von Gemmingen (1739–1821) enjoyed a great reputation at the Munich court. The eldest son Carl Theodor Graf von Yrsch (1766-1854), married to Maria Anna von Capris, daughter of the Bavarian Lieutenant General Andreas Anton von Capris , succeeded the two Gimpern, Wagenbach and Eulenberg as the landlord. He enlarged the property in 1814 by buying up further properties in Ober- and Untergimpern from the Counts of Wiser . During his time, from 1831 to 1849, men's frond, bondage, tithes and valid were replaced . Carl Theodor was a Bavarian chamberlain and court judge from Baden, he founded the older line of the count family. Johann Nepomuk's second son Friedrich Graf von Yrsch (1767–1844) was the lord of Freiham and made the estate a family entailment (indivisible and inalienable family property), which fell to the older line after his childless death in 1844. The third brother Christian Graf von Yrsch (1768-1852) married Antonia Josepha Countess Zech auf Neuhofen (1780-1820), daughter of Felix Caspar Graf Zech auf Neuhofen, in 1797 , and thereby became master of the estates Solln , Warnberg and Königswiesen . He was a government councilor and district forest officer for Upper Bavaria. The youngest of the four brothers, Carl August Graf von Yrsch (1770-1845), acquired property from the family of his wife Caroline Freiin von Pienzenau and became the lord of Niederpöring and Reichenaibach and founded the younger line .
The older line owned the Bavarian and the Kraichgau estates from 1844, but only lasted three generations, which were particularly active in Bavaria. Of Carl Theodor's sons, only Johann Eduard Graf von Yrsch (1797–1862) reached adulthood. He was a noble boy with King Maximilian I , then chamberlain and court marshal with Queen Caroline . He held a few other offices, including court theater director, court marshal and chief ceremonial master . Among his three sons, the eldest brother Carl Theodor Graf von Yrsch (1832–1899) and the youngest brother Christian (1844–1871) died childless, the middle brother Friedrich (1837–1898) had a daughter and a son, who, however, was a child died, whereby the older line expired with Carl Theodor's death in 1899. Like his brother Friedrich, Carl Theodor was a Bavarian chamberlain and had started building Freiham Castle in 1866, but in 1887 he sold the Freiham estate, which was actually under entails, to Reichsrat Hugo von Maffei .
The founder of the younger line , Carl August, was married to Caroline Freiin von Pienzenau (1783–1862). Carl August had acquired some goods from the property of the Barons von Pienzenau , but sold them to Countess von Kielmannsegg in 1829 in order to live as a privateer in Landshut from then on. The only son was Sigmund Carl August Graf von Yrsch-Pienzenau (1808–1899), who since 1857 also bore the name of his mother, who was the last descendant of the Pienzenau. Sigmund Carl August was in military service until 1862 and again briefly in command of Veste Rosenberg in 1864 . Since the relocation of the family center to Freiham from 1785 in 1862, he was the first member of the family to settle again in Obergimpern. His only son Ludwig Graf von Yrsch-Pienzenau (1842-1919) was a royal Bavarian chamberlain and government assessor and united the family property in Obergimpern, Untergimpern, Wagenbach and Siegelbach again in 1904 to form a Fideikommiss, which, however, after the end of the First World War with the Weimar Constitution was dissolved. His sons Wilhelm Sigmund Graf von Yrsch-Pienzenau (1880–1965) and Konrad Karl Theodor Graf von Yrsch-Pienzenau (1881–1974) divided the property between themselves. Wilhelm received Hof Eulenberg and Schlossgut Obergimpern that on his daughter's wedding Luitgard (1922-1993) with Götz von Bulow (1911-2003) at the Mecklenburg family Bulow came while the court Eulenberg about the wedding of the eldest daughter Waltraud (1920- 1988) went to the von Künsberg family with Heinrich Freiherr von Künsberg . When the estate was divided in 1919, Konrad received the Wagenbacher Hof, which he sold to the Haffelder family in 1932 to become the state stable master and head of the Mecklenburg-Strelitz state stable stud in Neustrelitz , until it was dissolved when the states of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Mecklenburg-Strelitz were merged. After 1945 he returned to Obergimpern with his family. The family name still exists today through the descendants of Konrad von Yrsch.
family members
- Eduard von Yrsch (1797–1862), Bavarian nobleman, imperial councilor and theater director
literature
- Rudolf Petzold: The Counts of Wiser and the Counts of Yrsch - two Electoral Palatinate vassal families in the eastern Kraichgau . In: Rappenauer Heimatbote No. 17 , 2006
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ BayHStA, nobility register Grafen Z1.