Grigori Akinfijewitsch Demidow

Grigori Akinfijewitsch Demidow

Grigori Akinfijewitsch Demidov ( Russian Григорий Акинфиевич Демидов ; born November 14 ^{. Jul} / 25. November  1715 ^greg. , † November 13 ^jul. / 24. November  1761 ^greg. In St. Petersburg ) was a Russian entrepreneur , botanist and patron .

Life

Demidow from the noble family Demidow settled in Solikamsk and founded a sawmill in Moljobka ( Perm region ) in 1730 and an ironworks in 1736 . In 1731 he married Anastasija Pavlovna Surowzewa (1713–1763), daughter of a local salt producer. They had three sons, Alexander , Pavel and Pyotr , who were sent abroad for upbringing and education for 10 years, and seven daughters. The daughter Pulcherija married the director of the Academy of Arts Alexander Kokorinov , while Natalja married the architect Ivan Starov .

In Solkamsk Demidov laid the first private botanical garden in Russia , which made him very famous. He collected plants from all parts of Russia and corresponded with Carl von Linné , Johann Bernhard von Fischer and Traugott Gerber . In December 1742, while returning from the Great Siberia Expedition , Johann Georg Gmelin , Gerhard Friedrich Müller and Georg Wilhelm Steller visited Demidow in Solikamsk, who also showed them his greenhouses .

Demidow inherited from his father Akinfi Nikititsch Demidow under the influence of his second wife Yefimija Ivanovna born Palzewa in 1745 like his older brother Prokofi Akinfijewitsch only salt production plants and lands in the governments Kazan , Kaluga , Nizhny Novgorod , Yaroslavl and Vologda , all youngest brother Nikinfijewit , during the Metallurgical works and most of the capital, received. Prokofi Akinfijewitsch complained about the unjust division of the paternal property to the influential Vice Chancellor Michael Larionowitsch Voronzow , and both older brothers now applied to Empress Elisabeth to repeal the will, whereupon on behalf of the Empress General Field Marshal Alexander Buturlin in accordance with the then laws of inheritance to the paternal legacy Sharing among the three brothers.

Grigori Demidow now settled in St. Petersburg with his family to manage his enormously increased business , where he owned several houses and was one of the most important iron and copper producers. After the fire in the building of the St. Petersburg Kunstkammer in December 1747, Demidow made his house available for the holdings of the library of the Academy of Sciences and the Kunstkammer. Demidow's house was now a full library, used by Lomonossow , Gerhard Friedrich Müller, and other members of the Academy of Sciences, and existed until 1766 when the holdings were returned to the Kunstkammer.

Nikolo Sarezki Church, Tula (1730–1734)

Demidow continued to run his garden in Solikamsk and in 1748 sent a large collection of plants to Linnaeus. He took over Georg Wilhelm Steller's collection with 80 plants after his death and personally handed them over to the Academy of Sciences in 1748. 1756 he was at his own expense from the academy two books in Russian language and other languages on precious Alexandria - paper print. On his trip to Tobolsk, Jean Chappe d'Auteroche visited Demidov's garden in Solikamsk in March 1761 to observe the rare passages of Venus in front of the sun and admired the 12 greenhouses with lemon and orange trees .

In Bissert Demidow founded the Bissert ironworks in 1761 and had the river Bissert dammed.

Demidov was buried in the Demidow family crypt in his father's Nikolo Sarezki Church in Tula .

Web links

Commons : Grigori Akinfijewitsch Demidow  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Выдающиеся представители династии Демидовых: Григорий Акинфиевич Демидов (accessed October 24, 2017).
2. ↑ Чумаков В. Ю .: Демидовы. Пять поколений металлургов России . ЗАО Бизнеском, Moscow 2011.
3. ↑ А.С. Черкасова: Демидовский временник . In: Исторический альманах . tape 2 , 2008, p. 9-83 .
4. ^ Johann Georg Gmelin: Expedition into the unknown Siberia . Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Stuttgart 1999.
5. ↑ Пожар в Кунсткамере в 1747 г. ( Memento of the original from March 6, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed October 24, 2017). 
6. ↑ Hélène Carrère d'Encausse : Императрица и аббат. Неизданная переписка . Олма-Пресс, Moscow 2005.