Pit Anna and Hope
| Pit Anna and Hope | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
 |
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| Mining technology | Open pit ( Trichterbau ) Scheibenbruchbau , Weitungsbau | ||
| Funding / year | up to 78,100 t | ||
| Funding / total | 449,300 tons of iron ore | ||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Operating company | Ilseder Hut | ||
| Employees | between 20 and 30 | ||
| Start of operation | 1937 | ||
| End of operation | 1955 | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Brown iron stone | ||
| Mightiness | 10-30 m | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 52 ° 0 ′ 30 ″ N , 10 ° 25 ′ 20 ″ E | ||
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| local community | Liebenburg | ||
| District ( NUTS3 ) | Goslar | ||
| country | State of Lower Saxony | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Peine-Salzgitter area | ||
The pit Anna and hope is an abandoned iron ore mine in southern Salzgitter Hills in Liebenburg in Lower Saxony . The mining facilities were located in the Stobenbach valley south of the road leading from Heimerode to Liebenburg. The comparatively small mine, which was only operated briefly by the Ilseder Hütte , was part of the Peine-Salzgitter district .
geology
The formation of the ore deposits of the Anna and Hope mine
The formation of the camps proceeded like that of the other deposits in the Salzgitter area : the coastline of the Lower Cretaceous Sea was in the area of the Salzgitter ridge . In the area of decaying marine organisms dissolved in water iron compounds could very well precipitate , forming so-called Toneisenstein - geodes . These were preferentially deposited in natural depressions near the coast due to the sea surf. Due to the weathering processes after the water withdrew, they disintegrated into numerous rubble. During subsequent floods, iron oolites were deposited in the same place . The originally flat deposits (also called ore ponds ) that were created in this way were disturbed and erected over the course of millions of years by tectonic processes and / or rising salt domes.
Geographical location and extent
The Anna and Hope mine built on the same deposit as the neighboring Fortuna mine : The salt tectonic overburdened ore deposit is located on the southeastern edge of the Salzgitter ridge between the towns of Groß Döhren and Liebenburg. It strikes from north to south and falls steeply from west to east at 73 to 90 degrees . The most important part of the deposit was the so-called brown camp belonging to the Barremium with a thickness of 10 to 30 meters. Separated from it by layers of clay of 10 to 25 meters, there was the Rothe-Rose or Rote Lager of the Aptium . The course of the camps was offset by disturbances .
mineralogy
The ores encountered fluctuated very strongly in their mineral composition. It was a conglomerate of lenticular to shell-shaped brown iron fragments less than one to 15 millimeters in diameter, phosphorites , sandstone and glauconites in a sandy-clay binder.
The iron content was at most 38%.
History and technology
Predecessor mining
The mining area Anna and hope in the north of Greater Doehren Love Burger ore deposit was the length field in 1858 awarded and in 1901 a square box converted. First owners were the brothers Roehrig from Braunschweig and later belonged Berechtsame an engineer Ritterhaus from Goslar . After the Ilseder Hütte carried out investigations by hand bores and trenches in 1893 , it acquired the mining license on April 2, 1912. After the First World War , between 1919 and 1922 in the Stobenbachtal at 150 m above sea level. NN through the Ilseder Hütte a first investigation tunnel was driven. It reached as far as the marrow of the Rothe Rose field , the later Fortuna mine. The Ilseder Hütte concentrated its activities on its more productive Georg-Friedrich mine in Dörnten , so that there was no major dismantling.
Start of mining and operation of the Anna and Hope mine from 1935 to 1955
Pressured by the National Socialist four-year plan , the United Steel Works (VESTAG) began to expand their Fortuna mine in 1935. That is why plans were made to sink a mine in the area of Anna and Hope . In the run-up, the Ilseder Hütte drove a new tunnel three meters wide and 2.8 meters high towards the opencast mine started in 1935 in the south of the field, which was directly adjacent to the Fortuna opencast mine.
From 1937 the brown camp in the funnel building was won . In this process, the ore was shot down an embankment into a scraper gully . The scraper conveyed the ore into roller holes , from which it was withdrawn via the conveyor tunnel into conveyor vehicles . The first annual production was 13,300 tons with a workforce of 23 miners.
The dismantling in civil engineering began in 1938. Over the so-called hanging wall section , the red camp was dismantled in the broken pane . During the Second World War turned to the mining method to the far more effective Weitungsbau order and took the Brown camp underground in Verhieb . Between 30,000 and 40,000 tons of ore were mined during the war years.
The preparation and shipping of ore were carried along with the Dörntener ores in Salzgitter Calbecht . For this purpose, the trams were coupled to the train coming from the Schroeder tunnel. In 1939, after deep drilling, the fields Lucie and Liebenburg were awarded. From the end of the war until 1946, operations were inactive. The opencast mine did not start operating again until 1951 and was already eradicated in 1953. This year the highest annual output of around 78,000 tons was also achieved.
In 1955, the ore reserves that could be mined above the tunnel floor were exhausted, without the construction of a civil engineering shaft having started. Since the geological conditions determined during deep drilling between 1952 and 1953 were expected to cause difficulties in the shaft sinking, the Ilseder Hütte refrained from doing so and closed the Anna and Hope pit. The Barbara ore mining AG in 1956 as a legal successor of VESTAG leased to the pit box for the expansion of their mine Fortuna. The tunnel was driven under from Fortuna at a depth of 50 meters above sea level. To improve the ventilation , a cut to the Anna and Hope tunnel was broken up. The sales crisis in the German iron ore mining industry at the beginning of the 1960s finally prevented a depletion of the stocks under the tunnel floor of around four million tons.
After the closure of the Fortuna mine, the Anna and Hope tunnel was finally thrown off and kept safe by shooting. Since the subsequent drowning of the Fortuna pit, the rising pit water has been flowing from the Fortuna underground workings since 1965 via a concrete drainage system in the Anna and Hope tunnel. Because of the connection to the workings of the Morgenstern pit with the contaminated sites above from the subsequent use as a landfill , water samples were taken regularly in the 1980s and 1990s.
Current condition (2011)
Apart from the Pingen field and a collapsed shed, no remains of the mine can be found.
literature
- Rainer Slotta: Technical monuments in the Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 5, Part 1: Iron ore mining . German Mining Museum, Bochum 1986, ISBN 3-921533-37-6 , p. 169-183 .
- Heinrich Korthöber among others: Mining in Salzgitter . The history of mining and the life of miners from the beginning to the present. In: Archives of the City of Salzgitter (Ed.): Contributions to the city's history . 1st edition. tape 13 . Appelhans, Salzgitter 1997, ISBN 3-930292-05-X , p. 304-310 .
- Manfred Watzlawik among others: Fortuna, Morgenstern, Georg-Friedrich . History and stories of ore mining near Döhren. Ed .: Döhrener Mining Working Group. 1st edition. Self-published, Groß-Döhren 1983.
- Heinz Kolbe: The history of iron ore mining in Salzgitter: The exploration history of the plants south and north of the Salzgitter urban area . In: Geschichtsverein Salzgitter eV (Ed.): Salzgitter yearbook 1984 . tape 3 . Salzgitter 1984, OCLC 245669492 , p. 16-24 .