Gustav Bauernfeind

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Gustav Bauernfeind

Johann Gustav Adolph Bauernfeind (born September 4, 1848 in Sulz am Neckar , † December 24, 1904 in Jerusalem ) was a German painter , illustrator and architect . He is considered the most famous oriental painter in Germany.

The Western Wall, Jerusalem , 1904

Life

Gustav Bauernfeind was born as the sixth of nine children of the Catholic pharmacist Johann Baptist Bauernfeind and his evangelical wife Anna Maria Adrion.

After studying architecture at the Polytechnic in Stuttgart , he first worked in the architectural office of Professor Wilhelm Bäumer and later in that of Adolph Gnauth , where he also found painting. In his early creative phase, Bauernfeind initially devoted himself to German local views and motifs from Italy. A trip to the Middle East from 1880 to 1882 then awakened his love for the Orient, which he subsequently traveled to again and again. Here he met his future wife Helena Elisabeth Bertsch in Jerusalem in 1887 . Helena Elisabeth's mother was the sister of the merchant Georg David Hardegg , who had already set out for the Holy Land with his family in 1868 . In the years 1890 - 1896 the family lived in Munich before he moved in 1896 with his wife and son, Otto entirely to Palestine and settled in Jerusalem 1898th Bauernfeind lived and worked in Palestine as well as in Lebanon and Syria from 1896 .

Bauernfeind's grave

His work is primarily characterized by architectural and genre images with Palestinian motifs. Bauernfeind's specialties were meticulously worked out, lavishly composed and mostly almost photographically exact city views and pictures of well-known sanctuaries in oil. In addition, he also created watercolors and landscape scenes. During his lifetime he was the most popular oriental painter in Germany, but soon after his death he was forgotten. Since the early 1980s, however, a gradual rediscovery of the artist began, which was also reflected in auction prices. His oil painting The Wailing Wall, Jerusalem, fetched the equivalent of 326,000 euros at an auction at Christie's in London in 1992, but at another auction on June 27, 2007 at Sotheby’s in London, the equivalent of 4,500,000 euros. In 1997 the oil painting The Port of Jaffa, which had been privately owned in Cologne since 1951, won the auction 174 at auction house Van Ham Kunstauktionen in Cologne for 1,510,000 DM . At the time, this was not only the highest price to date for a work by Bauernfeind, but also the highest result for a 19th century painting in a German auction.

At his place of birth Sulz am Neckar , the painter's life and work is honored by the Gustav Bauernfeind Museum there with an extensive permanent exhibition.

Works (selection)

Bauernfeind: Jaffa Market, 1887

photos

  • Castel Gandolfo on Lake Albano, 1864 (drawing, pencil on paper)
  • Jaffa Market, 1887 (oil painting)
  • The Port of Jaffa , 1888 (oil painting)
  • Street scene in Damascus, around 1887 (oil painting, 51 × 68 centimeters)
  • Jaffa, Recruitment of the Turkish Landwehr in Palástina, 1888 (oil painting)
  • The Western Wall, Jerusalem, 1890 (oil painting, 130 × 101 centimeters)
  • Street in Jerusalem (oil painting, 109 × 82 centimeters)
  • View of the German colony in Haifa, 1898 (oil painting)
  • Jerusalem, view from below of the Dome of the Rock (oil painting, 109 × 82 centimeters)
  • Entrance to the Temple Mount, Jerusalem (oil painting, 102 × 70 centimeters)

Fonts

  • The trip to Damascus. 1888/89. The oriental painter's diary, edited by Hugo Schmid with the assistance of Otto Höschle, Tübingen and Basel 1996 ( ISBN 3-7720-2163-8 )

literature

  • Hugo Schmid: The painter Gustav Bauernfeind (1848–1904) and the Orient. With an introduction by Petra S. Versteegh-Kühner. Hauswedell, Stuttgart 2004, 208 (XX) S., ISBN 3-7762-0904-6
  • Hugo Schmid: The painter Gustav Bauernfeind. 1848-1904. H. Schmid, Sulz 1980, 149 pp.
  • Alex Carmel , Hugo Schmid (arrangement), Gustav Bauernfeind (ill.): The oriental painter Gustav Bauernfeind. 1848-1904. Leben und Werk / The life and work of Gustav Bauernfeind, orientalist painter. Published in collaboration with the Gottlieb Schumacher Institute for Research on the Christian Contribution to the Reconstruction of Palestine in the 19th Century at the University of Haifa, Israel. Hauswedell, Stuttgart 1990, 360 (XII) S., ISBN 3-7762-0319-6
  • Petra S. Kühner: Gustav Bauernfeind. Paintings and watercolors. Monographs on the fine arts, Volume 5. (Dissertation.) Lang, Frankfurt am Main, Berlin, Bern, New York, Paris and Vienna 1996, 315 (X) S., ISBN 3-631-49793-8
  • Hugo Schmid, Otto Höschle (arrangement), Gustav Bauernfeind (author): The journey to Damascus 1888/1889 . Diary entries of the oriental painter. Francke, Tübingen 1996, 135 pages. ISBN 978-3772021633 .
  • Hugo Schmid: The oriental painter Gustav Bauernfeind in Italy . Geiger, Horb 2008, 128 pages. ISBN 978-3865952431 .

Web links

Commons : Gustav Bauernfeind  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Church book Sulz, baptism entry Volume 9, 1848, p. 133 No. 51
  2. ↑ Stefanie Stadel: Rise of an Oriental Painter. In: Welt am Sonntag , No. 27/2007, p. 74.
  3. ↑ Van Ham, Gallery of Records
  4. ↑ Video: Museum of the oriental painter Gustav Bauernfeind in D-72172 Sulz a. N. Retrieved October 1, 2012 ( Flash video, 15 minutes long).
personal data
SURNAME Bauernfeind, Gustav
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bauernfeind, Johann Gustav Adolph
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter, illustrator and architect
DATE OF BIRTH September 4, 1848
PLACE OF BIRTH Sulz am Neckar
DATE OF DEATH December 24, 1904
Place of death Jerusalem