Gustav Eisenreich

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Gustav Ignatz Eisenreich (born July 10, 1867 in Siedlimowo , Inowraclaw district , † February 13, 1945 in Dresden ) was a German high school teacher , geologist, nature conservationist and local researcher in Upper Silesia .

Life

His full name is Gustav Ignatz Eisenreich. The father, Friedrich Eisenreich, was a tax overseer. He made it possible for the son to attend high school in Inowraclaw , which he left in 1890 when he passed the school leaving examination. After studying to be a teacher at the University of Breslau until 1895 , Eisenreich passed the teaching examination for the subject “history in upper classes” in 1896 . Further exams authorized him to teach geography, German, Latin and religion in middle classes. An extension exam in 1905 finally enabled him to take geography lessons in the upper classes.

After the first experiences from 1898 to 1899 on Pädagogium in Niesky , the boarding school of the Moravian Church and continue on Progymnasium Striegau , followed 1,900 permanent positions at the secondary school in Katowice as a senior teacher (later teacher ). By creating collections for science lessons, he ensured that teaching material was conveyed clearly. Eisenreich's initiative to introduce optional Russian lessons was an unusual measure at the time. His civic and social commitment went far beyond his work as a teacher in the school service. He was the secretary of the Kattowitz colonial society and took part in the German Geographers' Day in Nuremberg in 1907 and in Strasbourg in 1913 . From 1912/13 he carried the honorary title (previously known as character ) Professor in his name, which could be awarded to deserving senior teachers in Prussia until 1918.

One of his students in Katowice was the writer Arnold Zweig , who received German lessons from him. Zweig later recalled him in his notes as a person who forced his imagination "into discipline and order".

Eisenreich had been managing director of the landscape committee for the preservation of natural monuments in the Upper Silesian industrial district since 1915. He was also involved in the Association of Silesian Ornithologists .

After the referendums in Upper Silesia , Katowice and East Upper Silesia fell to the Second Polish Republic in 1922 . As a German teacher and civil servant, he left the city in 1923 and moved to the German part of the country. Before that, he had sent a list of the natural monuments in the area to be ceded to the Polish Nature Conservation Office in Poznań . Eisenreich received state civil service care for over 26 months until he was able to work again from April 1926 in Opole (upper secondary school) and later from October 1926 in Gleiwitz (upper secondary school).

As the founder and managing director of the Geological Association of Upper Silesia in 1924 and as a representative for natural history soil antiquities, he published scientific findings on geology and palaeontology and made them accessible to broad sections of the population in this mining region.

Since 1923, the part-time work as commissioner of the Provincial Office for the Preservation of Natural Monuments of the Province of Upper Silesia , which emerged from his previous work as the first managing director of the Landscape Committee, was of importance for the developing nature conservation. Later this resulted in the management of the nature conservation department at the Federation for Homeland Security . Eisenreich was also a member of the board of the Upper Silesian Animal Welfare Association.

Eisenreich maintained close contacts with other natural scientists from the region. Examples are the geologists Schwarzbach and Assmann , the botanist Schube , the Katsch local researcher Keilholz and the prehistorian v. Richthofen . Martin Schlott, the director of the Wroclaw Zoo (1934 to 1946) and later of the Wuppertal Zoo (1947 to 1950), was also one of them.

As of October 1929, Eisenreich was released from school duties and worked as a full-time provincial commissioner for the preservation of natural monuments in a Gliwice office. He intertwined this task closely with the work of the Geological Association and his other tasks. The desired understanding of general nature conservation was promoted through excursions and trips to which interested parties from all walks of life, local personalities and other natural scientists were also invited. In this way, nature conservation measures could ultimately be implemented that were not yet taken for granted at the time. The first nature reserves were created. Other examples are the protection of snow and lily of the valley in some districts or the public denunciation of arbitrary tree felling. In 1928 Eisenreich directed the "First Upper Silesian Nature Conservation Exhibition" in Ratibor . The noticeable problems of environmental pollution and environmental destruction in the industrial and mining areas were viewed critically and the preservation and preservation of the landscape and nature were warned at an early stage. At the end of 1933, Eisenreich resigned from his post as commissioner for the preservation of natural monuments in the province of Upper Silesia, the reasons have not been passed down. However, he continued to work in the natural sciences. The annual reports of the Geological Association of Upper Silesia published by Eisenreich between 1924 and 1941, as well as the reports on extensive nature conservation work, received a lot of attention. They developed into popular popular science publications and were later even recommended to schools for purchase. Eisenreich also supported younger scientists financially. In collaboration with the publicist, writer and editor of the monthly magazine Der Oberschlesier , Karl Sczodrok , Eisenreich published two special issues of this monthly magazine. In 1936, Eisenreich led a study trip for the German Society for Garden Art. Until 1941 he held the chairmanship of the Geological Association of Upper Silesia .

Eisenreich was a Protestant, married and the father of five children. While fleeing from the Red Army advancing at the end of World War II , he died in an air raid on Dresden . The circumstances of his death are unknown.

Works (selection)

The annual reports of the Geological Association of Upper Silesia, published by Eisenreich between 1924 and 1941, with articles by various authors, also contained contributions from his hand.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ R. Fitzner: German Colonial Handbook . Supplementary volume (edited reprint from 1903), 1st edition. Verlag Dogma im Europäische Hochschulverlag, Bremen 2012, ISBN 978-3-95507-546-0 , departments: Colonial societies, departments: under Kattowitz 1901, item 156, p. 218.
  2. ^ G. Kolm (Ed.): Negotiations of the sixteenth German Geographers' Day in Nuremberg . List of members, p. LXII under No. 94: Eisenreich
  3. ^ G. Kolm (Ed.): Negotiations of the nineteenth German Geographers' Day in Strasbourg i. E. , directory, S. LXVI, 2nd column, directory of visitors, under Kattowitz: Eisenreich
  4. ↑ Address book for Katowice 1912 . Population register, p. 44.
  5. ^ Address book for Katowice 1913 . Population register, p. 176.
  6. ↑ Arnold Zweig. Fruit basket recent harvest ; Essays ., Greifenverlag Rudolfstadt, 1956.
  7. ^ Wojciech Kunicki: "Ostwind" by August Scholtis. In: Hendrick Feindt (Ed.): Studies on the cultural history of the German image of Poland 1848-1933 , Harrassowitz-Verlag, 1995, p. 208, ISBN 978-3447036641 ; Kunicki erroneously writes Herbert Eisenreich
  8. ↑ G. Eisenreich: Information from the office of the Landscape Committee for the Preservation of Natural Monuments in the Upper Silesian industrial district . In: Communications of the Silesian Committee for the Preservation of Natural Monuments . No. 5, 1915, pp. 19-27
  9. ↑ Naturwissenschaftliche Wochenschrift , Volume 35, Riemann and Möller, 1920, p. 442
  10. ^ Reports of the "Association of Silesian Ornithologists" . Volumes 6-10, 1920, p. 17
  11. ↑ Contributions to the preservation of natural monuments ., Volume 9, 1923, page 476
  12. ↑ Contributions to the preservation of natural monuments. Volume 9, 1923, p. 452
  13. ↑ Homeland excursion to the Leobschützer Land . In: Upper Silesia in Pictures. 1929: 41, pp. 2-3, S3, last paragraph
  14. ↑ The tasks of such a commissioner were analogous to the tasks of a Reichskommissar at the lower administrative level .
  15. ^ Theodor Schube: Natural monuments and nature conservation tasks in Silesia. , Breslau, W. Korn, 1927, p. 4
  16. ^ Reports of the "Association of Silesian Ornithologists". Volumes 10-12, 1924, p. 3 and p. X
  17. ↑ Related Aspirations . In: The Upper Silesian. 1928: 10 (8), p. 473, 1st paragraph under C.
  18. ↑ Notices / Book Corner . In: The Upper Silesian. 1928: 10 (7), p. 403.
  19. ↑ First Upper Silesian nature conservation exhibition. In: Deutsche Forstzeitung , Volume 43, Issue 30, 1928, p. 828
  20. ↑ The Upper Silesian landscape and its natural monuments . In: The Upper Silesian. 1920: 2 (49), middle column, 3rd paragraph above
  21. ↑ Konrad Buchwald (Ed.): Festschrift for Hans Schwenkel on his 70th birthday. , State Agency for Nature Conservation and Landscape Management Baden-Württemberg, 1956, p. 33
  22. ^ Reports of the "Association of Silesian Ornithologists". , 1935, S. V
  23. ↑ Notices / Book Corner . In: The Upper Silesian. 1936: 18 (2), p. 118, 3rd paragraph
  24. ↑ Karl Schubert: On the fauna of the Wiegschützer Flachmoores near Kosel in Upper Silesia. In: Archives for Hydrobiology. Volume 27, 1934, p. 524
  25. ↑ The garden art . Volume 50, 1937, page 280
  26. ^ Journal of the German Geological Society . Volume 94, 1942, p. 370
personal data
SURNAME Eisenreich, Gustav
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Eisenreich, Gustav Ignatz (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German high school teacher, geologist, nature conservationist and local researcher in Upper Silesia
DATE OF BIRTH July 10, 1867
PLACE OF BIRTH Siedlimowo , Inowraclaw County
DATE OF DEATH February 13, 1945
Place of death Dresden