Port of Piraeus

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Port of Piraeus
Data
UN / LOCODE GRPIR
owner COSCO (51%), Hellenic Republic Asset Development Fund (23.14%) and investors (25.86%)
operator Piraeus Port Authority (PPA) SA
Port type seaport
Piers / quays I, II, III (container), car, passenger
Passengers 17,488,014 (2015)
18,635,495 (2014)
Goods handled Containers , cars
Container (TEU) 3,675,000 (2016)
3,327,781 (2015)
website Official website
Geographic information
place Piraeus
Administrative region Attica (Greek region)
Country Greece
Coordinates 37 ° 56 '31 "  N , 23 ° 38' 10"  E Coordinates: 37 ° 56 '31 "  N , 23 ° 38' 10"  E
Port of Piraeus (Greece)
Port of Piraeus
Location port of Piraeus

BW

Port of Piraeus (2011)

The port of Piraeus is the largest seaport in Greece and one of the largest in the Mediterranean. With around 18.6 million passengers carried, it was the largest passenger port in Europe in 2014. In 2016 it handled around 3.67 million  TEU (2015: around 3.32 million) and in 2014 was the 8th largest container terminal in Europe or 39th worldwide.

geography

The port is located in the Attica region , 8 kilometers from the Greek capital Athens . It is located on the Saronic Gulf , part of the Aegean .

history

The port around 1913

By the 5th century BC Athens maintained a merchant fleet of small ships. These were in the port of Faliro, an unprotected bay. Themistocles decided to build larger ships and to commission a war fleet due to the threat from the Persians . He chose the bay on the Piraeus promontory. Its transformation into the port of Athens is considered to be his second major work. The completion of the port shifted trade from Athens to the port, the settlement was favored by wide streets. To protect these investments in the event of war, the two cities were connected with two 7.5 km long walls, which also ensured access to the sea in the event of war.

From 1318 the port was called "Porto Leone" or "Porto Draco" after a marble lion that was placed there. This statue was taken as booty by an expedition of Francesco Morozini in 1688 and brought to Venice . Only after Greece was liberated from the Turks did the port flourish again, from 1830 private construction activity increased, in 1834 the port was included in the new town planning by Kleanthes and Schaubert. At the end of the 19th century, the Vasiliadis machine factory built two dry docks. Due to the influx of refugees after the Asia Minor catastrophe , many refugees from Turkey settled near the port. The Port of Piraeus Authority was founded in 1930, they erected two new cranes and a large silo in 1932. Due to the economic importance of the port, the city and port of Piraeus were bombed by the Wehrmacht in 1944 . Reconstruction could not begin until 1955; the new port was designed by Professor Demosthenes Pippas, who taught Port and Harbor Engineering at the Technical University of Athens .

present

The passenger terminal, behind it the MS Westerdam

In 2002, PPA SA and the Greek government signed a concession agreement. Greece leased the port area, buildings and facilities to PPA for a period of 40 years. In 2008 the contract duration was adjusted from 40 to 50 years. The lease ends after the adjustment in 2052. The Greek state received 1% of the consolidated annual income for the first three years of the contract, then 2% .

In the wake of the Greek financial crisis , half of the container port was leased by PPA to the Chinese state-owned company China Ocean Shipping (Group) Company (COSCO for short) for a period of 35 years from October 2009 . An initial investment of 500 million euros flowed into the Greek treasury after the contract was signed. The Chinese pay an annual fee of around 100 million euros for using the port facility. Terminal II of Piraeus Container Terminal PCT SA (subsidiary of COSCO) is located in the immediate vicinity of the state-owned PPA Terminal I. The Chinese operator has been criticized because, according to trade unionists of the state-owned Greek port company PPA, it has cut salaries and social benefits carried out, trade unionists excluded and thereby greatly increased the pressure to perform.

The economic situation of the entire port, measured in terms of container throughput in TEU, has improved significantly. In 2011, around 1.6 million TEU were handled in Terminals I and II (also: Pier I and II), and the target for 2012 is 2.11 million TEU. The construction of the new terminal (Pier III) by COSCO with a capacity increase of 700,000 TEU was completed in summer 2013. The state operator PPA increased its container volume to 490,904 TEU and profited from the new competition.

The successful management of the container terminal has brought COSCO and other Chinese companies into focus for further investments as part of the Greek privatization measures. The construction of a logistics center for 280 million euros is also planned, as is the takeover of the port operator Piraeus Port Authority (PPA). Further investments in other state-owned companies could follow.

In 2012, the state operator PPA was able to increase its container volume in Terminal I to 625,914 TEU. The capacity of 800,000 TEU is to be achieved by the end of 2013. COSCO achieved around 2,108,000 million TEU with its Terminal II in 2012 and expects to reach around 2.5 million TEU by the end of 2013. In addition, the COSCO logistics center is to be enlarged from 7,000 m² to 35,000 m². In 2015, COSCO's handling in Piraeus is expected to be 7 million TEU. A further increase in container throughput is expected with the connection of the container port to the international rail network , which has existed since March 1, 2013 . The 17-kilometer route was built with the Greek railways OSE in over twelve years of construction. In November 2012, Hewlett-Packard announced that it would make COSCO's container terminal in Piraeus the hub for all of its shipments to Europe, the Middle East and Africa.

In 2013, PPA increased container throughput in Terminal I to 644,055 TEU. With its two Terminals II and III, PCT achieved a container volume of 2.52 million TEU. In 2013 the port of Piraeus handled around 3,163,755 million TEU.

At the beginning of 2014, the Hellenic Republic Asset Development Fund (HRADF) decided to sell 67% of the shares in the Piraeus Port Authority (PPA) of its previous 74%. The tender process ran until April 28, 2014.

In March 2014, it became known that the Chinese mobile communications manufacturer ZTE will deliver its products to 13 Southeast European countries via the logistics center at the COSCO container terminal. The transit time of the products is reduced by several days. So far, ZTE has used the main handling centers in Rotterdam, Amsterdam and Hamburg.

At the end of 2014, the heads of government from China, Serbia and Hungary signed a contract to expand the rail network between Belgrade and Budapest by 2017. The planned high-speed line will be 360 ​​kilometers long and cost an estimated 1.5 billion euros. The aim of these investments in the logistics network is a better connection between the port of Piraeus and Eastern Europe.

In 2014, PCT increased container throughput in its Terminals II and III by 18.5% to 2,986,904 TEU. PPA's Terminal I handled around 598,300 TEU in containers. A total of around 3,585,204 million TEU were handled in the port of Piraeus in 2014.

In March 2015, the European Commission asked PCT and COSCO to repay financial benefits granted by the Greek state such as tax exemptions and preferential treatment within the framework of accounting by July 2015. These advantages gave PCT an unfair advantage over other competitors and were in breach of EU state aid rules .

In January 2015, after the parliamentary elections, the newly elected Tsipras I government stopped the tendering process. In May 2015, the tendering process was resumed under changed conditions for the bidders. Initially, the HRDAF will only sell 51% of the PPA shares. The successful bidder can increase his PPA share to 67.7% if he invests EUR 300 million in the port over the next five years. Binding offers had to be received by October 2015.

For 2015, PPAs Terminal I achieved a container throughput of 293,353 TEU. The significant decline compared to the previous year was due to the relocation of business from PPA's main customer MSC to the Turkish port of Asyaport. PCT's container throughput in 2015 was 3,034,428 TEU. The port of Piraeus handled a total of 3,327,781 TEU in 2015.

In January 2016 it was announced that COSCO would take over 67% of the port operator PPA for a total of 368.5 million euros. In addition, the Chinese pledged to invest more than 350 million euros over the next few years. On April 8, 2016, the contracts were signed by the Chairman of HRADF Stergios Pitsiorlas and the Chief Financial Officer of COSCO HONG KONG Feng Jinhua; COSCO will initially take over 51% of the PPA shares for EUR 280.5 million. Another 16 percent will become the property of the group after five years for EUR 88 million if it makes the agreed investments. Since August 10, 2016, COSCO officially holds 51% of the PPA shares; HRADF holds a further 23.14% and other investors 25.86%. After the conclusion of the new concession agreement from June 2016, the Greek state will receive 3% of the consolidated annual income .

In 2016, PPAs Terminal I achieved a container throughput of 203,658 TEU. The two PCT terminals handled around 3.471 million TEU. In total, the port of Piraeus handled around 3.675 million TEU in 2016.

Goods and transport

General statistics
(in tons)
2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007
General cargo 4,293,251 4,744,693 5,505,753 5,630,822 6,041,749 6,278,635
Container 8,633,907 6,805,340 4,939,593 5,057,563 2,949,239 12,127,899
RoRo 722.398 625,700 682,667 598.066 1,055,258 1,108,928
Bulk cargo 382.069 408.003 578.192 653,534 431.187 606.454
total 14,031,625 12,583,736 11,706,205 11,939,985 10,477,433 20.121.916
Remarks:
  1. General cargo, bulk cargo: domestic and overseas (" Domestic and Overseas ") totaled
  2. Container, RoRo: only overseas ( Overseas )

Container

Container handling in Europe (extract)
(in TEU)
Place
(2015) 		port 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007
1. Rotterdam (Netherlands) 12,385,000 12,234,535 12,297,570 11,622,000 11,866,000 11,876,920 11,145,800 9,743,300 10,783,825 10,790,604
2. Antwerp (Belgium) 10,037,318 9,653,000 8,978,000 8,578,000 8,635,000 8,664,243 8,468,475 7,309,639 8,662,890 8,175,951
3. Hamburg (Germany) 8,910,000 8,820,000 9,729,000 9,258,000 8,864,000 9,014,165 7,895,736 7.007.704 9,737,110 9,889,792
4th Bremen / Bremerhaven (Germany) 5,487,000 5,546,000 5,796,000 5,831,000 6,115,000 5,915,487 4,871,300 4,535,850 5,529,159 4,912,177
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
8th. Piraeus (Greece) 3,675,000 3,327,781 3,585,204 3,163,755 2,733,914 1,680,133 863,808 664,895 433,582 1,373,138


Passenger terminal

Passenger volume in Piraeus
Number of passengers
2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003
Inland
( Saronic Islands ) 		8,391,632 8.093.501 7,642,760 7,729,778 9,351,135 10.100.697 10,695,228 11,413,843 11,572,678 11,668,647 11,484,763 11,159,274 11,713,269
"Perama" ferries
( Salamis ) 		7,417,892 8,687,078 7,730,555 8,186,932 8,304,999 8,371,064 8,723,709 8,763,631 8,395,492 7,636,426 7,977,880 8,393,053 8,397,292
Overseas
( cruise ships ) 		1,678,490 1,854,916 2,296,457 2,066,925 2,517,371 1,864,657 2,028,006 1,806,583 1,554,747 1,202,190 925.782 757.552 823.339
total 17,488,014 18,635,495 17,669,772 17,983,635 20.173.505 20,336,418 21,446,943 21,984,057 21,522,917 20.507.263 20,388,425 20,255,879 20,933,900

Culture

The "Hellas Liberty"

In the history of Greece as a shipping nation, the importance of the port is outstanding and can also be found in cultural and historical receptions, for example in the song The Children from Piraeus .

In connection with its importance for merchant shipping, one of only four remaining Liberty ships was bought in the USA and restored with the funds of a foundation to commemorate the reconstruction of the Greek fleet after 1945. It is located next to other historical ships in the Trokadero Marina Ship Museum .

Trivia

The port of Piraeus is sung about in the song A Ship Will Come (1960) by Lale Andersen .

See also

Web links

Commons : Ports of Piraeus  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Port of Piraeus goes to China. In: dw.com. Deutsche Welle , accessed April 9, 2016 .
  2. ↑ Ο απολογισμός του Γ. Ανωμερίτη στην θητεία του στον ΟΛΠ. In: zougla.gr. Zougla, June 22, 2015, accessed April 9, 2016 (Greek).
  3. ↑ a b c d e Annual Financial Report For The Year Ended December 31, 2015. (PDF; 2.2 MB) (No longer available online.) PPA, March 30, 2016, archived from the original on April 13, 2016 ; accessed on March 31, 2016 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.olp.gr
  4. ↑ a b c Presentation of Financial Results 2014 in the Hellenic Fund and Asset Management Association. (PDF; 2.7 MB) PPA, June 5, 2015, accessed on September 24, 2015 (English).
  5. ↑ a b c d PPA: Annual Financial Report 2016. (PDF) (No longer available online.) February 16, 2017, archived from the original on February 18, 2017 ; accessed on February 17, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.olp.gr
  6. ↑ a b Bruce Barnard: Piraeus growth outpaces most European ports. January 18, 2017, accessed February 20, 2017 .
  7. ↑ a b c d COSCO Pacific Limited: ANNUAL RESULTS ANNOUNCEMENT FOR 2015. (PDF; 1.2 MB) March 29, 2016, accessed on April 5, 2016 (English).
  8. ↑ a b Container handling in comparison. Top 20 ports. Port of Hamburg, 2012, accessed on November 21, 2012 .
  9. ↑ World Container Traffic Data 2015. (PDF; 1.3 MB) International Association of Ports and Harbors (IAPH), June 10, 2016, p. 4 u. 7 , accessed April 9, 2016 .
  10. ^ E. Speck, HR Wehrhahn: Commercial history of antiquity . Second volume: The Greeks, pp. 356/357
  11. ^ Gerd Höhler: Node for Eastern Europe. Chinese take over port in Piraeus. In: Handelsblatt Online. November 26, 2008. Retrieved November 21, 2012 .
  12. ↑ a b Fu Jing: COSCO eyeing further Piraeus port investment. In: chinadaily.com.cn. June 19, 2012, accessed November 21, 2012 .
  13. ^ Jörg Diehl, Ferry Batzoglou: Greece crisis: Project Beijing in Piraeus. In: Spiegel Online . September 30, 2011, accessed April 9, 2016 .
  14. ↑ Annual Financial Report 2011. (PDF; 9.7 MB) PPA, May 17, 2012, accessed on May 3, 2016 (English).
  15. ↑ Frank Binder: COSCO: Terminal III inaugurated in the port of Piraeus . In: Daily port report of July 2, 2013, p. 13
  16. ↑ Ioanna Kourela: More boxes in Piraeus. (No longer available online.) In: DVZ Online. October 11, 2012, formerly in the original ; Retrieved November 21, 2012 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.dvz.de  
  17. ^ Liz Alderman: Under Chinese, a Greek Port Thrives. In: The New York Times. October 10, 2012, accessed November 21, 2012 .
  18. ↑ a b c d ppa statistics 2009-2012. (XLS; 46 kB) PPA, March 1, 2013, accessed on March 12, 2013 (English).
  19. ↑ Ioanna Kourela: Port of Piraeus reports pit record. In: DVZ Online. January 14, 2013, archived from the original on September 23, 2014 ; Retrieved March 19, 2013 .
  20. ↑ a b Joanna Kourela: Port of Piraeus is showing rapid growth. In: DVZ Online. March 18, 2013, archived from the original on October 18, 2014 ; Retrieved March 19, 2013 .
  21. ↑ Joanna Kourela: Port of Piraeus has a rail link . In: DVZ Online. March 4, 2013, archived from the original on March 31, 2014 ; Retrieved March 12, 2013 .
  22. ↑ Reuters: Hewlett-Packard to ship through Greek port. In: MercuryNews.com. November 14, 2012, accessed November 21, 2012 .
  23. ↑ a b c ppa statistics 2010-2013. (XLS; 35 kB) PPA, May 2, 2014, accessed on May 27, 2014 (English).
  24. ↑ Annual Financial Report 2013. (PDF; 1.1 MB) PPA, June 3, 2014, accessed on June 27, 2014 (English).
  25. ^ Ilias Bellos: Piraeus port becomes Med's third biggest in container traffic. In: ekathimerini.com. January 29, 2014, accessed June 7, 2014 .
  26. ↑ Ioanna Kourela: The Miracle of Piraeus. (No longer available online.) In: DVZ Online. June 16, 2014, formerly in the original ; accessed on June 27, 2014 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.dvz.de  
  27. ↑ IK, KK: Greece: Port of Piraeus is to be completely privatized. The port of Piraeus is to be completely privatized. In: DVZ Online. March 11, 2014, archived from the original on March 31, 2014 ; Retrieved April 10, 2014 .
  28. ^ IK, KK: ZTE relocates Southeastern Europe hub to Piraeus. In: DVZ Online. March 20, 2014, archived from the original on March 22, 2014 ; Retrieved April 10, 2014 .
  29. ↑ Martin Maria Reinkowski (north-east): Several billion dollars for railway projects. China invests in Southeast Europe. In: tageswoche.ch. December 20, 2014, accessed May 19, 2015 .
  30. ↑ 2014 Final Results. (No longer available online.) COSCO Pacific Limited March 24, 2015, archived from the original on November 14, 2015 ; accessed on September 24, 2015 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.coscopac.com.hk
  31. ^ John Pagni: Privatised Piraeus port terminal hailed as success. (No longer available online.) June 4, 2015, archived from the original on September 25, 2015 ; accessed on September 24, 2015 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ihsmaritime360.com
  32. ↑ Commission Decision of 23.03.2015 On State Aid SA 28876 (2012 / C) (ex CP 202/2009) - implemented by Greece for Container Terminal Port of Piraeus & Cosco Pacific Limited. (PDF; 593 kB) European Commission, March 23, 2015, accessed on April 1, 2016 (English).
  33. ↑ New Greek government stops privatization of the port of Piraeus. In: http://diepresse.com/ . January 27, 2015, accessed May 19, 2015 .
  34. ↑ Bruce Barnard: Piraeus port CEO resigns ahead of privatization. In: http://www.joc.com/ . June 11, 2015, accessed June 19, 2015 .
  35. ↑ Investor relations. Monthly Container Throughput. (No longer available online.) COSCO Shippinh Ports Limited, December 2016, archived from the original on February 7, 2017 ; accessed on February 6, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.coscopac.com.hk
  36. ↑ The Chinese shipping company COSCO takes over the majority of the port in Piraeus, Greece. In: finanzen.net/. January 21, 2016, accessed April 9, 2016 .
  37. ↑ COSCO takes over Piraeus. Chinese shipping company secures the majority in the Greek port. In: Daily port report of January 22, 2016, p. 4
  38. ^ A b Announcement concerning the signing of the agreement for the sale of PPA. PPA, April 11, 2016, accessed April 11, 2016 .
  39. ^ Piraeus Port Authority SA Shareholders. PPA, August 10, 2016, accessed February 13, 2017 .
  40. ↑ Turloch Mooney: COSCO's aggressive overseas expansion Continues with CMA CGM terminals agreement. February 17, 2017, accessed February 20, 2017 .
  41. ↑ ppa statistics 2007-2010. (PDF) PPA, October 5, 2011, accessed on November 22, 2012 (English).
  42. ↑ a b ppa statistics 2008-2011. (PDF) PPA, March 8, 2012, accessed on November 22, 2012 .
  43. ↑ Maritime cargo turnover. 12 months 2016. Antwerp Port Authority, January 17, 2017, accessed January 31, 2017 .
  44. ↑ Theo Notteboom: Port Graphic. Top 15 container ports in Europe in 2016 - has TEU growth resumed? (No longer available online.) In: www.porteconomics.eu/. February 16, 2017, archived from the original on February 21, 2017 ; accessed on February 20, 2017 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.porteconomics.eu
  45. ↑ Theo Notteboom: Port Graphic. Top 15 european container ports in 2015. In: www.porteconomics.eu/. February 23, 2016, accessed April 6, 2016 .
  46. ^ Throughput Hamburg - Le Havre Range. (PDF; 384 kB) TEU's. Port of Rotterdam, February 25, 2015, accessed on September 24, 2015 .
  47. ↑ World Container Traffic Data 2015. (PDF; 1.3 MB) International Association of Ports and Harbors (IAPH), June 10, 2016, p. 4 , accessed on April 9, 2016 .
  48. ^ Throughput Hamburg - Le Havre Range. (PDF; 145 kB) TEU's. Port of Rotterdam, 2014, accessed on May 27, 2014 .
  49. ^ Throughput Hamburg - Le Havre Range. (PDF; 49 kB) TEU's. Port of Rotterdam, 2013, accessed March 25, 2013 .