General election in Greece January 2015
The early parliamentary elections in Greece in January 2015 took place on January 25, 2015. The strongest party was the left-wing radical party SYRIZA , led by Alexis Tsipras . This was followed by the conservative Nea Dimokratia by Andonis Samaras and the neo-Nazi Chrysi Avgi (XA) by Nikolaos Michaloliakos . After Tsipras had reached an agreement with Panos Kammenos on a coalition government between SYRIZA and Anexartiti Ellines (ANEL) ( Cabinet Tsipras I ), he was sworn in as Greek Prime Minister the day after the election.
Occasion of the preferred choice
In the presidential election in December 2014 , Stavros Dimas , candidate of the ruling coalition of Nea Dimokratia (ND) and Panellinio Sosialistiko Kinima (PASOK), failed to achieve the necessary majorities in three ballots in parliament . According to the Greek constitution , failure to elect the president means that parliament has to be dissolved within ten days and new parliamentary elections have to take place within thirty days. The election took place on January 25, 2015.
Starting position
The government Samaras had presented a budget on December 7, 2014 of not having the Troika and the Euro-group was matched. In it, the Samaras government forecast economic growth of 2.9 percent, a reduction in the unemployment rate from 24.8 to 22.6 percent and a decline in the national debt ratio of more than six percent to 171 percent of gross domestic product (GDP). In contrast, the international donors assumed a budget gap of at least 2.5 billion euros. The 1.8 billion euros made available in the bailout program could no longer be made available in 2014 because of the stalled negotiations between the Troika and the Samaras government. The following day Samaras announced the early presidential election, although his coalition government did not have the required majorities. The EU had warned against a new election because SYRIZA, the leader in all opinion polls, rejects the austerity policy and is seeking to renegotiate the debt agreements.
In the run-up to the election, ND and SYRIZA were given the chance to become the strongest party and to lead the new government. The main point of contention between these parties was the attitude towards reform policy in the wake of the sovereign debt crisis. While the ND under Prime Minister Andonis Samaras had implemented a policy of austerity and thus complied with the demands of the donors, SYRIZA demanded an end to austerity. SYRIZA had also announced that it would confront Germany with demands from the Second World War (see here ).
In early January, the former Prime Minister and PASOK Chairman Giorgos Papandreou founded a new party, the social democratic Kinima Dimokraton Sosialiston . Since PASOK was around 5% in surveys at this point in time, this split could have caused both parties to fail because of the threshold clause, which would have left the newly founded left-liberal To Potami party as the only party with a social democratic character. Papandreou's founding of the party was also seen as an attempt to win over part of the SYRIZA electorate.
The ecological green party Ikologi Prasini agreed on January 9th with SYRIZA to support 20 candidates on SYRIZA's candidate list. Giannis Tsironis entered the state list .
Two days before the election, Euro Group boss Jeroen Dijsselbloem said that if the next Greek government breaks the reform agreements, the partners would stop all aid.
Electoral system
300 MPs were elected. 288 seats were elected via constituency lists, the remaining 12 seats by proportional representation via a general state list. One party had to overcome a 3 percent hurdle due to a threshold clause in order to be able to enter parliament. 250 seats were distributed as a percentage. The party with the largest number of voters , SYRIZA , received an additional 50 seats. In Greece voting is compulsory , but sanctions for non-voting were abolished in 2001.
Parties
The Supreme Court allowed 18 parties and 4 electoral alliances for parliamentary elections. The parties Komma Fileftheron (Liberal Party), Ethniki Elpida (National Hope) and Elliniko Kinima Amesis Dimokratias (Citizens Parliament - Hellenic Direct Democracy Movement) and the association of independent candidates Axioprepia (Alliance of Independent MPs “Dignity”) were excluded from the election. One parliamentarian each from Chrysi Avgi , LAOS and EDEM could not stand for formal reasons.
Parties | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | logo | Surname | Alignment | Top candidate | ||
1. |
Nea Dimokratia (ND) New Democracy Νέα Δημοκρατία (ΝΔ) |
conservative | Andonis Samaras | |||
2. |
Synaspismos Rizospastikis Aristeras (SYRIZA) Coalition of the Radical Left Συνασπισμός Ριζοσπαστικής Αριστεράς (ΣΥΡΙΖΑ) |
left socialist | Alexis Tsipras | |||
3. |
Panellinio Sosialistiko Kinima (PASOK) Panhellenic Socialist Movement Πανελλήνιο Σοσιαλιστικό Κίνημα (ΠΑΣΟΚ) |
social democratic | Evangelos Venizelos | |||
4th | Laikos Syndesmos - Chrysi Avgi Volksbund - Golden Dawn / Dawn Λαϊκός Σύνδεσμος - Χρυσή Αυγή (ΧΑ) |
neo-Nazi | Nikolaos Michaloliakos | |||
5. |
Kommounistiko Komma Elladas (KKE) Communist Party of Greece Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας (KKE) |
Communist | Dimitris Koutsoumbas | |||
6th |
Telia - Apostolos Gletsos Point - Apostolos Gletsos Τελεία - Απόστολος Γκλέτσος |
Apostolos Gletsos | ||||
7th |
Organosi Kommouniston Diethniston Ellados (OKDE) Organization of Communist Internationalists Ο.Κ.Δ.Ε. - Οργάνωση Κομμουνιστών Διεθνιστών Ελλάδος |
Communist | 3-person presidium | |||
8th. |
Kinima Dimokraton Sosialiston (KIDISO) Movement of Democrats (and) Socialists Κίνημα Δημοκρατών Σοσιαλιστών |
social democratic | Giorgos Andrea Papandreou | |||
9. | Anexartiti Ananeotiki Aristera, Ananeotiki Dexia, Ananeotiki PASOK, Ananeotiki Nea Dimokratia, Ochi ston Polemo, Komma Epichirisi Charizo Ikopeda, Charizo Chrei, Soso Zoes, Panagrotiko Ergatiko Kinima Ellados (PA.EKE) Independent Innovative Left, Innovative NeaOK Democracy, No to war, party action I give away land, I adopts debt, I save lives, Pan-Agricultural labor movement of Greece Ανεξάρτητη Ανανεωτική Αριστερά, Ανανεωτική Δεξιά, Ανανεωτικό ΠΑΣΟΚ, Ανανεωτική Νέα Δημοκρατία, Όχι στον Πόλεμο, Κόμμα Επιχείρηση Χαρίζω Οικόπεδα, Χαρίζω Χρέη , Σώζω Ζωές, Παναγροτικό Εργατικό Κίνημα Ελλάδος (ΠΑ.Ε.Κ.Ε.) |
Miltiadis Tzalazidis | ||||
10. |
Kinima Ethnikis Andistasis (KEAN.) National Resistance Movement Κ.Ε.ΑΝ. - Κίνημα Εθνικής Αντίστασης |
Ippokratis savvouras | ||||
11. |
EEK Trotskistes - Ergatiko Epanastiko Komma Trotskyists - Workers Revolution Party ΕΕΚ Τροτσκιστές - Εργατικό Επαναστατικό Κόμμα |
Trotskyist | Sampetai Matsas | |||
12. |
Laikos Orthodoxos Synagermos (LA.OS) Orthodox public alarm ΛΑ.Ο.Σ. - Λαϊκός Ορθόδοξος Συναγερμός |
nationalist, right-wing populist | Georgios Karatzaferis | |||
13. |
Enosi Kentroon Center Union Ένωση Κεντρώων |
liberal | Vasilis Levendis | |||
14th |
Elliniko Lefko Kinima Simerinis Ideologias (ELKSI) Hellenic White Movement Today's Ideology ΕΛΚΣΙ - Ελληνικό Λευκό Κίνημα Σημερινής Ιδεολογίας (Ελ. Δανιηλίδης), |
Eleftherios Daniilidis | ||||
15th |
Enosi Dimokratikis Ethnikis Metarrythmisis EDEM Union Democratic National Reform ΕΔΕΜ - Ένωση Δημοκρατικής Εθνικής Μεταρρύθμισης |
3-person presidium | ||||
16. |
Rizospastiko Orthodoxo Metopo Allilengyis (ROMA) Radical Orthodox Solidarity Front «ΡΟΜΑ» - Ριζοσπαστικό Ορθόδοξο Μέτωπο Αλληλεγγύης |
Angelos Liakopoulos | ||||
17th |
To Potami The river Το Ποτάμι |
Center-left , pro-European, centric | Stavros Theodorakis | |||
18th |
Elliniki Laiki Dimokratiki Apeleftherosi (EL.LA.DA) Hellenic People's Democratic Liberation ΕΛ.ΛΑ.ΔΑ -Ελληνική Λαϊκή Δημοκρατική Απελευθέρωση |
Konstandinos Papanikolas | ||||
19th |
Andikapitalistiki Aristeri Synergasia gia tin Anatropi (ANT.AR.SY.A) - Metopo tis Andikapitalistikis Epanastikis Koummounistikis Aristera ke tis Rizospastikis Ikologias ke Metopiki Aristeri Symborevsi (MARS) Anti-capitalist Left Cooperation for the overthrow. (ANT.AR.AR) Anticapitalist Revolutionary communist left and radicals ecology and frontal left cooperation - MARSΑ ντικαπιταλιστική Αριστερή Συνεργασία για την Ανατροπή (ΑΝΤ.ΑΡ.ΣΥ.Α.) - Μέτωπο της Αντικαπιταλιστικής Επαναστατικής Κουμμουνιστικής Αριστεράς και της Ριζοσπαστικής Οικολογίας και Μετωπική Αριστερή Συμπόρευση (ΜΑΡΣ) |
Communist | Central Committee and 3-person Presidium | |||
20th |
Kommounistiko comma Greece (marxismo-Leninistiko) KKE (ml) - Marxistiko-Leninistiko Kommounistiko point of Greece (ML KKE) Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας (Μαρξιστικό-Λενινιστικό) ΚΚΕ (μ-λ) - Μαρξιστικό-Λενινιστικό Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας (Μ-Λ ΚΚΕ) |
Communist, Marxist - Leninist , Maoist | 4-member presidium | |||
21st |
Prasini - Dimokratiki Aristera (DIMAR) Greens - Democratic Left Πράσινοι - Δημοκρατική Αριστερά |
moderately left, ecological | Nikos Chrysogelos , Fotis Kouvelis | |||
22nd | Anexartiti Ellines Ellines Ethnikis Patriotiki Symmachia, Agrotiko Ktinotrofiko Komma Elladas, Lefko, Pyrkafstos Ellada, Christianodimokratiko Komma Elladas, Anexartiti Ellines (ANEL) Independent Hellenes National Patriotic Alliance, Agrarian and Livestock Party of Greece, Greece's Fire-Burned , Independent Democratic Party Hellenes Ανεξάρτητοι Έλληνες Εθνικής Πατριωτική Συμμαχία, Αγροτικό Κτηνοτροφικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας, Λευκό, Πυρίκαυστος Ελλάδα, Χριστιανοδημοκρατικό Κόμμα Ελλάδος, Ανεξάρτητοι Έλληνες |
national conservative, right-wing populist | Panos Kammenos |
Survey
Institute | Period of survey |
ND | SYRIZA | PASOK | ANEL | KKE | Chrysi Avgi | To Potami | KIDISO |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
University of Macedonia | 21-23 Jan. 2015 | 26.5% | 33.5% | 5.0% | 3.5% | 5.5% | 6.0% | 7.0% | 1.5% |
ALCO | 21-23 Jan. 2015 | 26.3% | 32.9% | 4.5% | 3.6% | 3.7% | 5.4% | 5.4% | 2.3% |
Public Issue | 20.-23. Jan. 2015 | 29.0% | 35.0% | 5.0% | 3.5% | 6.0% | 6.5% | 7.5% | 2.5% |
University of Macedonia | 17.-18. Jan. 2015 | 27.0% | 33.5% | 4.5% | 3.0% | 5.5% | 5.5% | 7.5% | 1.5% |
Public Issue | 10-15 Jan. 2015 | 30.5% | 35.5% | 5.0% | 3.0% | 7.0% | 6.5% | 7.0% | 2.0% |
ALCO | 11-13 Jan. 2015 | 27.8% | 31.2% | 3.6% | 2.6% | 4.0% | 5.0% | 5.1% | 2.4% |
University of Macedonia | 10-12 Jan. 2015 | 27.0% | 31.5% | 3.0% | 3.0% | 6.0% | 7.0% | 7.5% | 2.0% |
kapa research | 7th-8th Jan. 2015 | 25.5% | 28.1% | 5.2% | 2.6% | 5.0% | 5.4% | 6.5% | 2.8% |
ALCO | 4th-6th Jan. 2015 | 28.6% | 31.6% | 3.6% | 2.2% | 3.8% | 4.1% | 4.2% | 2.5% |
Public Issue | 2-9 Jan. 2015 | 30.0% | 38.0% | 5.5% | 3.0% | 5.0% | 5.5% | 7.0% | - |
University of Macedonia | 28-30 Dec. 2014 | 25.0% | 29.5% | 4.0% | 2.0% | 6.0% | 6.0% | 6.5% | - |
Public Issue | 10-17 Dec. 2014 | 29.5% | 36.5% | 6.0% | 3.5% | 6.0% | 6.0% | 8.5% | - |
ALCO | 8th-9th Dec. 2014 | 23.2% | 28.0% | 4.7% | 3.3% | 4.3% | 5.4% | 4.3% | - |
Even before the announcement of the presidential election , the left-wing SYRIZA had been ahead of the conservative Nea Dimokratia in polls . One week before the parliamentary elections, it was able to increase its lead from 4 to 6.5% over its direct competitor. The social democratic PASOK, which was co-governing at the time of the election, was 4.5%. The pro-European left-liberal party To Potami , which was only founded in 2014, had a good chance of becoming the third strongest force with 7.5%. The communist KKE and the National Socialist Chrysi Avgi were on par with 5.5% . The right-wing populist Anexartiti Ellines and Giorgos Papandreou's newly founded social democratic Kinima Dimokraton Sosialiston were just above or below the 3 percent hurdle according to surveys , so moving in was uncertain. According to surveys, the left-wing Dimokratiki Aristera , which had previously held 17 parliamentary seats, and the right-wing populist LA.OS had little chance of entering parliament.
Results
Political party | be right | Seats | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
number | % | +/- | number | +/- | ||
Synaspismos Rizospastikis Aristeras (SYRIZA) | 2,245,978 | 36.34 | +9.45 | 149 | +78 | |
New Democracy (ND) | 1,718,694 | 27.81 | −1.85 | 76 | −53 | |
Chrysi Avgi (XA) | 388.387 | 6.28 | −0.64 | 17th | −1 | |
To Potami | 373.924 | 6.05 | New | 17th | New | |
Kommounistikó Kómma Elládas (KKE) | 338.188 | 5.47 | +0.97 | 15th | +3 | |
Anexartiti Ellines (ANEL) | 293,683 | 4.75 | −2.76 | 13 | −7 | |
PASOK - DP | 289,469 | 4.68 | −7.60 | 13 | −20 | |
Kinima Dimokraton Sosialiston (KIDISO) | 152,557 | 2.47 | New | 0 | New | |
Enosi Kentroon (EK) | 110.923 | 1.79 | +1.51 | 0 | ± 0 | |
Telia - Apostolos Gletsos | 109,500 | 1.77 | New | 0 | New | |
Laikos Orthodoxos Synagermos (LAOS) | 63,669 | 1.03 | −0.55 | 0 | ± 0 | |
ANTARSYA - MARS | 39,497 | 0.64 | +0.31 | 0 | ± 0 | |
Prasini - Dimokratiki Aristera (DIMAR) | 29,820 | 0.48 | −5.77 | 0 | −17 | |
KKE (ml) - ML KKE | 7,999 | 0.13 | +0.01 | 0 | ± 0 | |
Enosi Dimokratikis Ethnikis Metarrythmisis (EDEM) | 7,615 | 0.12 | New | 0 | New | |
Elliniki Laiki Dimokratiki Apeleftherosi (ELLADA) | 4,740 | 0.08 | New | 0 | New | |
EEK Trotskistes - Ergatiko Epanastatiko Komma (EEK) | 2,363 | 0.04 | New | 0 | New | |
Organosi Kommouniston Diethniston Ellados (OKDE) | 1,854 | 0.03 | New | 0 | New | |
Independent | 1,301 | 0.02 | +0.02 | 0 | ± 0 | |
Kinima Ethnikis Antistasis (KEAN) | 618 | 0.00 | ± 0.00 | 0 | ± 0 | |
Elliniko Leyko Kinima Simerinis Ideologias (ELKSI) | 76 | 0.00 | New | 0 | New | |
Rizospastiko Orthodoxo Metopo Allileggyis (ROMA) | 16 | 0.00 | New | 0 | New | |
Panagrotiko Ergatiko Kinima Ellados (PAEKE) | 1 | 0.00 | ± 0.00 | 0 | ± 0 | |
total | 6,180,872 | 100.00 | 300 | |||
Valid votes | 6,180,872 | 97.64 | −1.37 | |||
Invalid votes | 114,654 | 1.81 | +1.23 | |||
Blank ballot papers | 34,830 | 0.55 | +0.14 | |||
voter turnout | 6.330.356 | 63.62 | +1.13 | |||
Non-voters | 3,619,328 | 36.38 | −1.13 | |||
Registered voters | 9,949,684 | |||||
Source: Greek Ministry of the Interior |
After the election
The day after the election, Tsipras and Panos Kammenos agreed on a coalition government between SYRIZA and Anexartiti Ellines (ANEL). Tsipras was sworn in as the new Prime Minister on the same day. On the second day after the election, the Tsipras cabinet was presented. The government has a narrow majority of 162 out of 300 seats in parliament.
Because Giorgos Papandreou's newly founded social democratic party Kinima Dimokraton Sosialiston failed because of the threshold clause, the Papandreou family is not represented in the Greek parliament for the first time in 92 years.
On February 5, parliament met for its constituent session. The next day, the Syriza politician Zoi Konstantopoulou elected President of Parliament.
See also
- Greek sovereign debt crisis from 2010
- General election in Spain 2015
- General election in Portugal 2015
Individual evidence
- ↑ Official result of the January 2015 parliamentary elections, Greek Ministry of the Interior (Greek, English)
- ↑ Article 32, paragraph 4: full text
- ↑ Article 53, paragraph 1.
- ↑ Προεδρικό Διάταγμα 173/2014 (ΦΕΚ 277 Α '/ 31.12.2014), Presidential Ordinance of December 31, 2014, PDF Online (Greek), accessed on January 13, 2015.
- ↑ Greece: Budget adopted , Deutsche Welle, December 8, 2014.
- ^ Presidential election in Greece is preferred , Deutsche Welle, December 9, 2014.
- ↑ Presidential vote in Greece: Dimas fails again - new elections in early 2015. In: Spiegel Online . December 29, 2014, accessed January 26, 2015 .
- ↑ a b Giorgos Christides: Euro crisis in Greece: "It is time for the Germans to return the favor". In: Spiegel Online . January 6, 2015, accessed January 26, 2015 .
- ^ Giorgos Christides: Secret government report: Germany should owe Greece eleven billion euros. In: Spiegel Online . January 11, 2015, accessed January 26, 2015 .
- ↑ Georgios Christidis: Result of the Athens secret report: Germany owes Greece reparations. In: Spiegel Online . April 7, 2013, accessed January 26, 2015 .
- ^ Ex-Prime Minister Papandreou divides Greece's socialists , Deutsche Welle, January 2, 2015.
- ↑ Οι υποψήφιοι που στηρίζουν οι Οικολόγοι Πράσινοι στα ψηφοδέλτια του ΣΥΡΙΖΑ Οικολόγοι Πράσινοι, January 10, 2015 (Greek)
- ^ Stefan Kaiser: Jeroen Dijsselbloem: Euro group leader threatens Greece with an aid freeze. In: Spiegel Online . January 23, 2015, accessed January 26, 2015 .
- ^ Clemens Fuest, Friedrich Heinemann: Against the Greek blackmail. In: FAZ.net . January 21, 2015, accessed January 26, 2015 .
- ↑ Προεδρικό Διάταγμα 26/2012 (ΦΕΚ 57 Α '/ 15.3.2012), Presidential Ordinance of March 15, 2012 (Greek), accessed on January 13, 2015.
- ↑ Article 51, paragraph 5.
- ↑ Decision of the Arios Pagos Supreme Court No. 4/2015 of January 14, 2015, pp. 6-13. (Greek) (PDF; 4.2 MB)
- ^ Decision AP 4/2015 of January 14, 2015, pp. 13–15.
- ↑ Survey period 21. – 23. Jan. 2015 (PDF) ( Memento of the original from January 28, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Survey period alco 21. – 23. Jan. 2015 ΝΕΡΙΤ 21-23 ΙΑΝ 2015 - ALCO. In: alcopolls.gr. January 22, 2015, accessed January 26, 2015 .
- ↑ Survey period Public Issue 20. – 23. Jan. 2015 Public Issue - Βουλευτικές Εκλογές 25 & et. In: publicissue.gr. June 1, 2015, accessed January 26, 2015 .
- ↑ Survey period 17.-18. Jan. 2015 (PDF)
- ↑ Survey period Public Issue 10. – 15. Jan. 2015 Public Issue - Έρευνα Πολιτικής Συγκυ & rh. In: publicissue.gr. June 1, 2015, accessed January 26, 2015 .
- ↑ Survey period alco 11. – 13. Jan. 2015 ΠΟΝΤΙΚΙ 11 -13 ΙΑΝ 2015 - ALCO. In: alcopolls.gr. January 22, 2015, accessed January 26, 2015 .
- ↑ Survey period 10. – 12. Jan. 2015 (PDF)
- ↑ Kapa research survey period 7. – 8. Jan. 2015 (PDF)
- ↑ Survey period alco 4. – 6. Jan. 2015 ΠΟΝΤΙΚΙ 4-6 ΙΑΝ 2015 - ALCO. In: alcopolls.gr. January 22, 2015, accessed January 26, 2015 .
- ↑ Survey period Public Issue 2. – 9. January 2015 Έρευνα Πολιτικής Συγκυ & rh. In: publicissue.gr. Retrieved January 26, 2015 .
- ↑ Survey period 28-30. December 2014 (PDF)
- ↑ Survey period Public Issue 10. – 17. Dec. 2014 Public Issue - Έρευνα Πολιτικής Συγκυ & rh. In: publicissue.gr. June 1, 2015, accessed January 26, 2015 .
- ↑ Survey period alco 8. – 9. Dec. 2014 ΠΟΝΤΙΚΙ 8-9 ΔΕΚΕΜΒΡΙΟΥ 2014 - ALCO. In: alcopolls.gr. January 22, 2015, accessed January 26, 2015 .
- ↑ Election in Greece: left-wing alliance Syriza increases strongly in the poll. In: Spiegel Online . January 20, 2015, accessed January 26, 2015 .
- ↑ Left Syriza can expand their lead shortly before the Greek election. In: de.reuters.com. January 19, 2015, accessed January 26, 2015 .
- ↑ Προεδρικό Διάταγμα 22/2015 (ΦΕΚ 18 Α '/ 26.01.2015), Presidential Ordinance of January 26, 2015, PDF Online (Greek), accessed on January 29, 2015.
- ↑ Προεδρικό Διάταγμα 25/2015 (ΦΕΚ 21 Α '/ 27.01.2015), Presidential Ordinance of January 27, 2015, PDF Online (Greek), accessed on January 29, 2015.
- ↑ Μετά από 92 χρόνια Βουλή χωρίς εκπρόσωπο της οικογένειας Παπανδρέου , To Vima , January 26, 2015 (Greek)
- ↑ AFP report ( Memento of the original dated February 7, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ FAZ.net / Michael Martens: Now it's your turn