Neck (Passau)

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neck
City of Passau
Coat of arms from the neck
Coordinates: 48 ° 35 ′ 20 ″  N , 13 ° 27 ′ 50 ″  E
Height : 289 m above sea level NN
Residents : 1695  (Dec. 31, 2005)
Incorporation : July 1, 1972
Postal code : 94034
Area code : 0851
map
Districts of Passau with Hals in the north
View of Hals with the castle ruins (top right); in the foreground you can see the outlet of the hydroelectric power station (green building)
View of Hals with the castle ruins (top right); in the foreground you can see the outlet of the hydroelectric power station (green building)

Hals is a district in the north of Passau , which is geographically strongly influenced by the Ilz .

history

A medieval settlement was built around today's castle ruin Hals at the narrowest point of one of the two Halser Ilz loops . The castle was the seat of the Lords of Hals , who were made counts in 1280. In 1376, Emperor Karl IV granted the town town charter and one year later also the right to strike the coins of the Leuchtenberg Landgraves and Counts von Hals (until 1497). However , the city did not have the right to mint . The black pennies known as " Böse Halser " from the Schinderling era were mainly used by the Leuchtenberg Landgrave Johann III. (died 1459) as owner of the county of Hals.

Due to the subsequent decline of the county, however, the town charter was never actually exercised. In 1517 the county fell to Bavaria and the castle became the seat of a keeper . In 1587, Duke Wilhelm V made the town a market again . Given the cramped conditions, the market town could not expand, on the other hand, the bishops of Passau never succeeded in integrating the enclave within the prince-bishop's territory into the bishopric of Passau .

19th century

In 1803 the area became part of the Royal Regional Court of Passau. In 1810, as several times before, a fire ravaged the place. Most of the houses in the town center still preserved today, including the parish church , were built shortly afterwards. In 1825 Hals received the status of a township III. Class .

An important economic factor for throat was since the Middle Ages , the rafting . A mighty drift dam was built above Hals and the drift water was directed through a 115 m long tunnel that is still in place today and was built between 1827 and 1831. In Hals there were extensive storage areas and later the large timber trading company Salomon Forchheimer, whose sawmill employed hundreds of people during the season. It had to be given up in 1926 due to a lack of a rail connection.

The Passau photographer Ducrue built the spa and hydrotherapy facility Bavaria-Bad on Sieglberg in 1890. Neck temporarily turned Bad Neck . Under the subsequent owner Dr. Mayerhausen, the bathing establishment was expanded. All hydrotherapy and electrotherapy were used. During the First World War , the promising spa business dissolved.

20th century

In 1902, Hals renounced its town charter and again took on the status of a market. On August 9, 1922, the Ries community came to neck.

Since 1920 a weir has dammed the Ilz at the Halser reservoir to supply a hydropower station . The latter, however, is not located at the foot of the dam , but about 2.5 km further downstream. A canal leads the water right through the village to the power station .

On April 30, 1945 the parish church, the town hall and other houses were destroyed by artillery fire. Reconstruction began in 1946. In 1954, with the opening of the new road via Christdobl, the connection to Passau was improved.

In the course of the municipal reform , which came into force on July 1, 1972, the former Markt Hals became a district of the Three Rivers City of Passau, although only 13 of the 113 eligible voters voted in favor of incorporation into Passau during a referendum a much larger part had voted for a connection to Grubweg . The current part of the city last had 1,695 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2005).

Pillory on the Halser market square

Attractions

  • The castle hill with the castle ruins of Hals rises above the village .
  • The outworks of the Halser Castle, the Reschenstein Castle .
  • The pillory has been preserved in front of the town hall from 1510 .
  • The late Gothic pilgrimage church of St. Achatius is now a cemetery church.
  • The parish church of St. George from the 19th century was rebuilt from 1950 to 1951 after being destroyed in the war.

mayor

  • Kumpfmüller (1879–1906)
  • Alois Greiner (1906-1912)
  • Michael Zitzelsberger (1912-1922)
  • Josef Niedermayer (1922–1923)
  • Friedrich Haushofer (1923–1931)
  • Georg Schilleder (1931–1932)
  • Ferdinand Rothofer (1932–1933)
  • Max Weidinger (1933-1936)
  • Josef Lindinger (1936–1945)
  • Joseph Feßler (1945)
  • Ludwig Breinbauer (1945–1954)
  • Josef Schwarz (1954–1955)
  • Fritz Gerstl (1955–1964)
  • Georg Sterzer (1964–1972)

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Neck  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Helmut Kahnt: The great coin lexicon from A to Z , Regenstauf 2005, p. 56: d. 1459
  2. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 548 .
  3. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 602 .