Hans Eilers

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Hans Eilers (born May 22, 1917 in Bremen ; † October 26, 2009 in Bremen) was a German architect , urban planner and chief building director of the city ​​planning office in Bremen.

biography

education and profession

Eilers grew up in Bremen. After graduating from high school, he had to do military and military service from 1937 to 1945. In 1945 he began his architecture studies in Munich , which he completed in 1950 at the Technical University of Braunschweig with a thesis on the development of the Bremen Teerhof . He is considered one of the representatives of the Braunschweig School .

View over part of the western suburb of Bremen , which was destroyed in the Second World War and in whose reconstruction planning Hans Eilers played a key role

After completing his studies, Eilers joined the city planning office in his home town of Bremen, which at the time was based in the Lloyd building in Bremen's old town . One of his first tasks was to help rebuild the western suburbs , some of which were completely destroyed in bombing raids during World War II . Around 33,000 people lost their houses and apartments. Eilers developed two guiding principles for the reconstruction, taking into account the "planning sins of the past" in the west of Bremen, already identified by urban planning predecessors towards the end of the 1920s: "a high population density and far too few public green and recreational areas ". His plans included a kilometer-long green corridor , the so-called Green Corridor West , which was realized in 1953. Eilers arranged the areas for schools, churches, games and sports on the (relatively narrow) green corridor "to make it more visible to the eye".

In 1955 he became head of the planning department of the town planning office, and in 1962 he was appointed senior building officer. In 1963 Eilers went on a study trip to England and visited new housing estates there as well as some of the newly built cities in the greater London area . He later reported on his professional impressions and findings to the Bremen Association for Urban Development , of which he was a member. In 1964 he became deputy head of office . In 1967 he was promoted to construction director . In the same year Eilers took over the management of the city planning office, which he held until his retirement in May 1982. At the beginning of his tenure, the city planning office with 175 employees at the time moved from the Lloyd building to the Argo-Haus , a building complex between Schlachte and Langenstrasse , where the office was finally located until 2002. His successor was Detlef Kniemeyer.

Eilers is one of the planners who decisively shaped the reconstruction and further development of Bremen. With his help and direction, 840  development plans were drawn up , which became the basis for today's face of the city. He was already an advocate of the democratic planning process - in particular early public participation (public participation) in urban land use planning  - when the Federal Building Act still lacked relevant regulations.

So he often sought a discussion with everyone involved and faced criticism personally from local advisory councils and residents, especially in those urban planning plans that led to controversy in politics and the public , such as the controversial planning for Waller Heerstraße in West Bremen in 1968 Walle district , 1970 with the negative attitude of owners in Bremer Neustadt , who were supposed to give up land to create parking spaces according to a development plan, 1973 with the controversial high-rise plans according to planning sketches by Eilers in the new development area Kattenturm-Ost in Obervieland or in 1978 with one favored by the city planning office High-rise development of the so-called Hillmann property near the Bremer Wallanlagen in Bremen- Mitte , which was ultimately not enforceable against the will of the citizens.

Competitive successes

Outside of his civil service, Eilers took part in various architectural and urban planning competitions , where he performed the planning services in addition to his daily work during his free time, and had some success. In 1952, he and the Bremen architects Karl Nielsen, Ludwig Almstadt and Bernhard Tamme received first prize in the architectural competition for the new building of the Karlsgarten elementary school in Berlin-Neukölln . Together with the same three architects, he also received first prize in the 1959 architectural competition for the reconstruction of the war-torn town hall in Emden . In urban planning competitions, Eilers and the planners Ludwig Almstadt and Karl Nielsen won first prize three times, including the 1955 plan for the reconstruction of the Stephaniviertel in Bremen's old town, which was almost completely destroyed in the war .

The new Stephaniviertel in Bremen was built from 1955 to 1957 according to the urban design by Almstadt, Eilers and Nielsen. The architectural services were carried out by the Bremen architects Bernhard Wessel and Carsten Schröck , with whom the three urban planners had formed a working group. The client for the new inner-city residential area was the then Bremer Treuhandgesellschaft für Wohnungsbau .

Private

Hans Eilers was married and had two children. He was buried in his home town of Bremen in the Riensberg cemetery .

Publications

  • Hans Eilers (author): Community facilities as part of modern urban planning. In: Reconstruction . Bulletin of structural organizations in Bremen, No. 1, March 1957, ZDB -ID 155830-4 , pp. 11-13 ( digitized version ).
  • Hans Eilers (arrangement): Overall plan of the left bank of the Weser in Bremen. Published by the Senator for Construction of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen , Bremen 1961 (with numerous maps; see, inter alia, inventory records in the GBV catalog ).
  • Hans Eilers (author): A journey into the past. Bremen town planning 1946–1982. Bremen undated, in 2 volumes: Part 1: 1946–1950: Studies in a time as described by Felix ; Part 2: 1950–1982: 32 years in the public service in the Bremen City Planning Office (manuscript from 1982 in the holdings of the Bremen State Archives ).

literature

  • Senator for the Building Industry of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (ed.): The western suburb (=  The redesign of Bremen . No. 5 ). Schünemann, 1955, ZDB -ID 2444788-2 , p. 6 ff., 17 ff .
  • Senator for the Building Industry of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (ed.): Stephani area, Garden City Vahr, Neue Vahr (=  The redesign of Bremen . No. 7 ). 2nd Edition. Schünemann, 1965, ZDB -ID 2444788-2 .
  • Detlef Kniemeyer, Eberhard Syring: Urban Development and Architecture 1945–1954 . In: Karl Marten Barfuß , Hartmut Müller , Daniel Tilgner (eds.): The history of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen from 1945 to 2005. Volume 1: From 1945 to 1969 . 1st edition. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2008, ISBN 978-3-86108-575-1 , p. 242-283; on Hans Eilers: p. 262 ff .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f (eb): Senator said goodbye to chief of urban planning . In: Bremer Nachrichten . May 27, 1982 ( scan from the private homepage of the Eilers family [accessed on February 13, 2016]).
  2. ↑ a b c (eb): Head of the Planning Office retires . In: Weser courier . May 27, 1982, p. 17 .
  3. ↑ Gerhard Iversen u. a. (Ed.): A model for the methodology of urban planning work . City and state planning Bremen 1926–1930 . Hauschild, Bremen 1979, DNB  800154789 , p. 249–275 (reprint of the Bremen 1931 edition, published by the publisher: Der Wiederaufbau, publisher for promoting citizen cooperation in urban development).
  4. ↑ a b Senator for the Building Industry of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (ed.): The western suburb (=  The redesign of Bremen . No. 5 ). Schünemann, 1955, ZDB -ID 2444788-2 , p. 6 ff., 17 ff .
  5. ↑ Hermann Sandkühler, Waltraud Scholz: The location of the churches of St. Marien and Wilhadi. How this ecumenical neighborhood came about in West Bremen . (No longer available online.) In: www-user.uni-bremen.de. September 20, 2008, archived from the original on February 14, 2016 ; Retrieved February 18, 2016 (Note: The private article is supported by numerous sources in the form of footnotes.). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www-user.uni-bremen.de
  6. ↑ a b Four new construction councils . In: Weser courier . January 11, 1962, p. 4 .
  7. ↑ (bk.): There are fewer traffic signs in England . Oberbaurat Eilers reported on the study trip . In: Weser courier . March 2, 1963, p. 12 .
  8. ↑ Senior building officer Eilers promoted to building director . In: Weser courier . March 22, 1967, p. 11 .
  9. ↑ (No.): Lloyd building already free on July 1st . Construction management vacates earlier than expected […] In: Weser-Kurier . March 26, 1968, p. 11 .
  10. ↑ Detlef Kniemeyer, Eberhard Syringgasse: Urban Development and Architecture 1945-1954 . In: Karl Marten Barfuß , Hartmut Müller , Daniel Tilgner (eds.): The history of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen from 1945 to 2005. Volume 1: From 1945 to 1969 . Edition Temmen, Bremen 2008, ISBN 978-3-86108-575-1 , p. 242-283; on Hans Eilers: p. 262 ff .
  11. ↑ (bk.): Discussion about plans for Waller Heerstrasse . Criticism of the relocation of the tram to Vegesacker Strasse . In: Weser courier . July 5, 1968, p. 10 .
  12. ↑ (she): When asked about the parking lot, “bitten on granite” . Construction director Eilers could not convince Neustädter / Nobody wants to give up their property . In: Weser courier . November 20, 1970, p. 13 .
  13. ↑ Suspicion of high-rise plans . In Obervieland there is resistance to densely populated buildings . In: Weser courier . March 2, 1973, p. 13 .
  14. ↑ (gru): Residents are calling for a competition for ideas . Authorities' proposal for Hillmann development met with broad resistance . In: Weser courier . 11./12. November, 1978, p. 16 .
  15. ↑ "Kleeblatt" won the competition . In: Weser courier . February 12, 1952, p. 4 . ;
    see. also report in: baukunst und werkform , Volume 5, 1952, p. 53.
  16. ^ Peter Diederichs: The town hall in Emden . Dominant for town and port . In: Reconstruction . Information sheet for organizational structures in Bremen. No. 3, December 1962, ZDB -ID 155830-4 , p. 2–5 ( digitized version [accessed on February 18, 2016]).
  17. ↑ Senator for the Building Industry of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (ed.): Stephani area, Garden City Vahr, Neue Vahr (=  The new design of Bremen . No. 7 ). 2nd Edition. Schünemann, 1965, ZDB -ID 2444788-2 .
  18. ↑ Cf. Neues Stephani-Viertel from the architecture guide bremen of the Bremen Center for Building Culture (b.zb); Retrieved February 20, 2016.
  19. ↑ See information on the Hans Eilers family on the private homepage of the Eilers family (www.fe-internetworks.de); Retrieved February 20, 2016.
  20. ^ Gravestones in the Bremen-Riensberg cemetery , grabsteine.genealogy.net.

Remarks

  1. ↑ The Bremen building authorities had to vacate the rooms in the Lloyd building that had been rented for various offices since the post-war period - including the city planning office - after the building complex was bought by Horten AG in 1968 . Horten AG had the Lloyd building torn down in 1969 in order to build a new department store (today Galeria Kaufhof ).
personal data
SURNAME Eilers, Hans
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect and chief building director in Bremen
DATE OF BIRTH May 22, 1917
PLACE OF BIRTH Bremen
DATE OF DEATH October 26, 2009
Place of death Bremen