Hasenheide (street)
| Hasenheide | |
|---|---|
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| View from Hermannplatz towards Südstern | |
| Basic data | |
| place | Berlin |
| District | Kreuzberg |
| Created | around 1678 |
| Hist. Names | Hasenhaide (until 1907) |
| Connecting roads |
Südstern (west) , Karl-Marx-Straße (east) |
| Cross streets | Lilienthalstrasse, Körtestrasse , Fichtestrasse, Graefestrasse , Jahnstrasse, Wissmannstrasse, Hermannstrasse |
| Places |
Hermannplatz , Südstern |
| Buildings | Höfe am Südstern, Jahndenkmal , Sri Ganesha Hindu Temple , Union Brewery, Hasenheide Park |
| use | |
| User groups | Pedestrian traffic , bicycle traffic , car traffic , public transport |
| Technical specifications | |
| Street length | 1000 meters |
The Hasenheide street in Berlin is located north of the Hasenheide park and stretches from the Südstern to Hermannplatz . The south side with the Volkspark and the old gymnastics area belongs to the Neukölln district, the north side with the former Schultheiss festival halls belongs to the Kreuzberg district .
Path through the heather
The path originally led through the middle of the electoral rabbit enclosure , which was laid out in 1678 and gave the area its name, to the Rollkrug , a horse changing station with beer tavern (since 1737). Here, in 1811, at the instigation of Friedrich Ludwig Jahn, Germany's first public gymnasium was inaugurated, which, however, also served not least for military-oriented physical training. The standing in the public park near the entrance Jahndenkmal recalls since 1872 to the initiator of the German gymnastic movement, Friedrich Ludwig Jahn (Jahn) .
The remoteness of the site was decisive for the fact that Madame W. C. Kamptz's boarding house for nonsensical people was able to settle here in the 1st Pfaffenland house around 1828 .
In 1854, the stretch of road connecting today's Blücherstraße between today's Südstern and Hermannplatz was expanded to become a Chaussee, for which the name “Hasenhaide” (since 1907 “Hasenheide”) was naturalized. The improved road conditions made a significant contribution to increasing the popularity of the area with its numerous beer and coffee gardens, which had become a popular excursion destination since the 1840s. Those who loved a real “hype” were attracted by show booths, shooting ranges, sales booths and military concerts.
Beer gardens, ballrooms and ballrooms
At the east end of the street, already in Rixdorf area, the merchant C. Kelch had a brewery with a bar called "Bergbrauerei Hasenhaide" built on the site of the clay pit of the former Braun brickworks in 1867. In 1880 the restaurateur Rudolf Sternecker leased the garden and bar and built a large-scale amusement bar here, which he called the “ New World ” because of its location on the remote outskirts of the city . In addition to the usual popular amusements, there was the “Indian Hall”, in front of it a large pond with fountains and cascades , a hippodrome , an open-air ring and a hall for the “Bal champêtre” - the “rural ball”. A special attraction of the park was the electric train, which Werner von Siemens had already demonstrated at the trade exhibition in Moabit in 1879 .
Instead of the large garden hall and ballroom, a large hall was built in 1902, to which a smaller hall was added in 1910. The new halls saw the Bock beer festivals, the workers' rallies as well as the many Christmas parties, summer festivals and industry get-togethers organized by clubs and associations - especially those in the graphic arts industry - in the "New World". The hall buildings were badly damaged in the Second World War . In 1946 the large hall was rebuilt and was intended to continue the tradition of the destroyed " winter garden " as a variety stage . This plan could not be realized, however, and so under the name "Wintergarten" it was initially a large cinema that competed with the popular "Primus Palast" on the other side of the street.
In addition to the mountain brewery, which has been operating as the “Bergschloßbrauerei” (“New World”) since 1875, the Baedeker from 1910 mentions Franz Happoldt's brewery with a garden in Hasenheide 32–38 on the corner of Graefestrasse . It was sold and finally came into the possession of the Schultheiss brewery in 1920 , which had the oldest part of the brewery building rebuilt and equipped with a ballroom that was named "Orpheum". The well-known “Neue Ballhaus Resi” emerged from this establishment in 1951, which attracted visitors with attractions such as table telephones, water features and a pneumatic tube system . From the 1950s to the 1970s, the Kaisersaal, which belonged to the former Union brewery, was part of the Resi water feature ensemble. This is also the last remnant of the legendary ballroom. The building complex, in particular the facades in Graefestrasse and Hasenheide, were demolished in 1979 after the operator's bankruptcy (1978), but the Kaiserballaal was intended to be a reminder of the ballroom times in the extended resi ensemble. This brewery and Resi remnant housed a library for a few years after the all-round demolition and is almost untouched in the west on the current site of the Deutsche Rentenversicherung .
The Berlin Union Brewery in Hasenheide 22–31, at that time one of the largest breweries in Berlin, also had a beer garden . In 1889/1890, the company had Wilhelm Walter (1853–1943) build the “Kaisersaal” (No. 31), which is the only building that has been preserved and today - like the courtyards at Südstern (No. 54) - is a listed building . This brewery became Department VI of the Schultheiss Brewery in 1914 .
From the horse-drawn train to the "electric"
The life and goings-on on the street in front of the “New World” recorded by the painter K. Steinberg in 1881 shows, among other things, the two different horse-drawn railway carriages. They drove for the Große Berliner Pferde-Eisenbahn AG on the 6.13 kilometer route Dönhoffplatz - Hallesches Tor - Hasenheide - Rixdorf.
The first electric tram through the Hasenheide ran on July 1, 1899. It was part of a ring line that ran via Rixdorf, Britz , Tempelhof , Schöneberg and Kreuzberg and operated by Südliche Berliner Vorortbahn AG .
From 1954, transport policy was geared towards gradually replacing the tram lines with omnibuses . On November 15, 1963, the tracks in the Hasenheide were finally shut down.
Department store on Hermannplatz
Another protected property is the Karstadt department store (No. 1–6) on Hermannplatz, which opened in 1929 and was one of the largest department stores in the world at the time. On nine floors with a total of around 72,000 m² of usable space (the KaDeWe at that time had less than 30,000 m²), around 4,000 people were initially employed. The monumental building also had two 56 meter high towers, a 4,000 m² roof terrace, several truck lifts and its own access from the subway platform ; the section Hasenheide - Bergstrasse (today: Südstern - Karl-Marx-Strasse ) of the subway went into operation on April 11, 1926. The Karstadt building soon turned out to be oversized. Due to the economic crisis, several floors were empty as early as 1932.
The building was blown up by SS men in 1945 ; only a small part of the building on the Hasenheide remained. Sales started again at the end of July 1945. Reconstruction began in 1950, and by 1951 a four-storey building was built on the corner of Hasenheide and Hermannplatz according to plans by the architect Alfred Busse, which was connected to the old part of the building. The department store, which was later expanded again, has been fighting for its existence since 2009 as part of the Arcandor Group and was secured in 2010.
The Hasenheide today
The large beer gardens and dance palaces no longer exist. The "Resi" was closed in 1977. Now in its place there is a residential complex built by the architects Rainer Oefelein and Bernhard Freund, who made a name for themselves with the urban planning concept of the high-deck estate , which was originally considered to be innovative .
The brewery and bar of "Löwen-Böhmisch" (former "Bergschloßbrauerei") were sold in 1974 to the housing association Stadt und Land and closed in 1975. The "New World", which reopened in 1956 and is famous for its traditional bock beer festivals, was finally over in 1982. Since 1985 the converted hall building has housed supermarkets, fitness centers and a slot machine branch of the Spielbank Berlin . The former garden area serves as a customer parking lot. The brewery Südstern has been located in Haus Hasenheide 69 for several years .
The Sri Ganesha Hindu Temple is currently under construction on the edge of the Jahn Ehrenhain in Volkspark Hasenheide . It is the second Hindu temple in Germany and, after the Neasden Temple in London , the second largest Hindu temple in Europe. It is named after the deity Ganesha .
Bicycle traffic
So far there is only a paved bike path on the north side of the road. A 2.25 meter wide green cycle lane is to be built on the south side between the Südstern in Kreuzberg and Wissmannstrasse in Neukölln, separated from motorized traffic by around 90 centimeters high, red and white plastic bollards. The bollards should be attached to a white hatched buffer zone. The aim is to create the first cycle path in accordance with the Berlin Mobility Act . The cost of implementation was estimated at EUR 200,000. The Transport Senator Regine Günther presented it as a prime example of a new cycle path standard in November 2017 at the Berlin municipal bicycle conference. However, the start of construction was delayed and postponed to September 2018 after the Berlin fire brigade had reported concerns that the bollards could block the access routes. To avoid such problems, models should be checked that the fire brigade can easily run over. In addition, an incomplete installation of bollards was discussed. However, construction did not begin in September as planned. Bicycle associations such as the ADFC criticize the planned cycle path as too narrow, since after deducting the necessary safety distances, only 1.50 meters would remain for cycle traffic, which is not enough for safe overtaking and for using cargo bikes.
On February 5, 2019, the Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg District Office announced that construction work had started on a first section between Südstern and Fichtestrasse. After Holzmarktstrasse in the Mitte district and Dahlemer Weg in the Steglitz-Zehlendorf district , this is the third construction of a protected cycle path in Berlin. The first bollards for an approximately one hundred meter long section were installed on February 21. On March 1, 2019, the construction of the cycle path section between Wissmannstrasse and Fichtestrasse began, and completion is planned for the same month. The complete completion of the entire cycle path from Südstern to Hermannplatz was initially planned for the second quarter of 2019. March 2019 was specified later and then the date was postponed to 2020 due to a construction site or a concrete silo on the roadway. The inauguration took place on April 16, 2019 with the Transport Senator Regine Günther and the District Mayor of Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg, Monika Herrmann .
See also
literature
- Berlin Museum: Cityscapes - Berlin in Painting from the 17th Century to the Present. Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung and Verlag Willmuth Arenhövel, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-87584-212-X , p. 88.
- Max Kretzer: Wild champagne . In: Ruth Glatzer (Ed.): Berlin becomes an imperial city . Siedler Verlag, Berlin 1993, ISBN 3-88680-474-7 , p. 229.
Web links
- Hasenheide. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near Kaupert )
- Hasenheide . In: District lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kamptz, WC In: General housing gazette for Berlin, Charlottenburg and surroundings , 1828.
- ↑ Report on the Resi
- ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List
- ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List
- ↑ The history of the KulturBrauerei. At kulturbrauerei.de , accessed on January 27, 2019
- ↑ Brauhaus Südstern - Home
- ↑ Peter Neumann: Velospuren: Berliner Feuerwehr criticizes planned bike path bollards . In: Berliner Zeitung . ( berliner-zeitung.de [accessed on September 6, 2018]).
- ↑ Maike Schultz: Interactive map: Berlin is getting new bike paths here . In: Berliner Zeitung . ( berliner-zeitung.de [accessed on September 7, 2018]).
- ↑ Senator Günther presents protected cycle lanes. March 23, 2018, accessed September 6, 2018 .
- ↑ Cycle lanes on the Hasenheide should be built from autumn. Retrieved September 6, 2018 .
- ↑ Patrick Goldstein: Cyclists protest for wider strips . ( Morgenpost.de [accessed on September 6, 2018]).
- ↑ Start construction work for protected cycle lanes on the Hasenheide. February 5, 2019, accessed February 5, 2019 .
- ↑ The cycle path on the Hasenheide will not be ready until 2020. Retrieved March 3, 2019 .
Coordinates: 52 ° 29 ′ 16 ″ N , 13 ° 24 ′ 56 ″ E