Main Street (Dresden)
| Main road | |
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| Main street with crocuses | |
| Basic data | |
| place | Dresden |
| District | Inner New Town |
| Created | 1687 to 1732 |
| Newly designed | 1974 to 1980 |
| Hist. Names | Road of Liberation |
| Cross streets | Heinrichstrasse, Obergraben, Ritterstrasse, Metzer Strasse, An der Dreikönigskirche |
| Places | Neustädter Markt , Albertplatz , Jorge-Gomondai-Platz |
| Buildings | Dreikönigskirche , Markthalle , Kügelgenhaus - Museum of Dresden Romanticism |
| use | |
| User groups | Pedestrian traffic , bicycle traffic |
| Road design | Plane trees, sculptures, fountains |
The main street (1946-1991 road of liberation ) is one of the main pedestrian streets in Dresden . As a tapering line of sight from the log house to the Artesian Fountain on Albertplatz, the street runs alongside the former Altendresden , the western part of today's Inner New Town .
location
The main street connects the Neustädter Markt with the Albertplatz . As an extension of the Augustus Bridge, it is the heart of the Inner New Town. The full length of the main street is a pedestrian zone, which is only crossed by two smaller streets at the level of the Dreikönigskirche . Next to her are Königstrasse and Albertstrasse , which she meets at Albertplatz.
history
The main street was built from 1687 to 1732 according to plans by Wolf Caspar von Klengel as one of the most important streets in the rebuilt Altendresden and ran northwards to the then Black Gate or Bautzner Gate (today Albertplatz). The 400 meter long street was 57 meters wide at Neustädter Markt and 38 meters at Black Gate. This gave the impression of an endless avenue from the Augustus Bridge and from the Black Gate the street looked like a huge square. The previous building of the Dreikönigskirche had to be demolished for the construction of the street . The Inner Neustädter Friedhof , which was previously on the area of Hauptstrasse, was relocated to the Scheunenhof district in front of the city gates. In 1732 the street was planted with linden trees in two rows .
Most of the old buildings were destroyed in the bombings in 1945 . The reconstruction, however, had lower priority than the old town and was only carried out between 1974 and 1980. The old road concept was abandoned, traffic was directed over Grosse Meißner Strasse and the road was expanded into a pedestrian thoroughfare. This was presented to the public on October 5, 1979. Plane trees were chosen for the two-row planting .
In the course of the overall neglect of the new planning, the blocking of access roads to the baroque quarter still preserved west of the main road turned out to be an urban planning error. In the case of Heinrichstrasse, this was corrected in 2012 by demolishing the relevant prefabricated buildings on Hauptstrasse and then rebuilding in line with the original development structure. An opening of the also cordoned off Rähnitzgasse to Neustädter Markt is desirable in terms of urban planning, but has not yet been implemented.
Architecture and artistic design
The majority of the street today consists of five-storey residential buildings, in prefabricated construction, with shops on the ground floor. The old building structure from the 18th century, which had been preserved, was integrated on the western side. At the beginning of the street, on the eastern side, the coats of arms of the districts of the former district of Dresden are attached to the house front and a note of thanks for the reconstruction of the street of liberation.
In the middle of the main street is the new building of the Dreikönigskirche . Opposite it is the Neustädter Markthalle .
Two nymph fountains, created by Johann Benjamin Thomae and Johann Gottfried Knöffler in 1739–1741, were set up at the southern entrance to Hauptstrasse . Before Dresden was destroyed, these fountains were located at Neustädter Rathaus . Also at the southern entrance of the street are two 20 meter high bronze flagpoles. Heinrich Epler created it in 1893 to commemorate the visit of Kaiser Wilhelm I to Dresden. The masts are each decorated with a relief image of Wilhelm I and the Saxon King Albert . The balustrade and the benches are made of Swedish granite. The model for these flagpoles were two masts from the 16th century in Venice by Alessandro Leopardi . In the house at Hauptstrasse 9, two plaques remind of Ernst Traugott Tischer . He lived in this house from 1869 to 1873 and was a sponsor of the Dresden community hospital. The portrait relief measuring 70 by 59 centimeters was created by Max Geissler in 1898 . Vinzenz Wanitschke created the additional board (49 by 58 centimeters). Both panels were unveiled on May 22, 1996.
During the reconstruction in 1979, eight baroque sandstone figures, which formerly stood in the Zwinger , were placed in two groups of four in the central axis of the main street. These are statues by Johann Baptist Dorsch , Thaddäus Ignatius Wiskotschill and Johann Ferdinand Feige . Furthermore, two Baroque vase copies made by Werner and Christian Hempel and a jewelry watch were installed. At the level of the confluence of the upper ditch there is a sandstone well with a diameter of four meters, which was restored in 1982/1983.
East of the prefabricated buildings are stoneware sculptures by Dieter Graupner from 1977 in front of a children's facility - a group of foals and butterflies.
The northern end is the last completed part of the main road. The prefabricated buildings were renovated in the 2000s and received new facades. In the course of this work, new water features were installed here. The Schiller Monument, erected by Selmar Werner in 1913, is only a few meters away . It is made of white Lasa marble and shows the figure of the poet surrounded by a waist-high marble wall. On the inside of the wall there are nine reliefs with depictions from Schiller's works. On the first floor of the eastern and western ends of the prefabricated buildings there are restaurants, in front of the western restaurant "Am Thor" there is the bronze sculpture "Alter Bock auf Pillar" by Peter Fritzsche from 1985.
In memory of the Mozambican Jorge Gomondai , who fell victim to a xenophobic attack near the town in 1991, the end of the main street was renamed Jorge-Gomondai-Platz in March 2007 .
The Kügelgenhaus - Museum of Dresden Romanticism is located at Hauptstrasse 13 . It still bears the inscription in large, golden letters: "Everything depends on God's blessing" (God's blessing). It was built by Count Zinzendorf from the beginning to the middle of the 18th century. With the Automobile Museum and the Dresden Football Museum were two more Dresden museums in the street . The museums in the Jägerhof and the Kunsthaus Dresden are also in the immediate vicinity .
Listed flagpoles at the entrance to the main street
View of the southern part of the main street from the tower of the Dreikönigskirche
Schiller monument by Selmar Werner
literature
- Stadtlexikon Dresden A-Z . Verlag der Kunst, Dresden 1995, ISBN 3-364-00300-9 .
- Art in public space . Information brochure of the state capital Dresden, December 1996.
- Fritz Löffler : The old Dresden . Seemann Verlag, Leipzig 1999, ISBN 3-363-00007-3 .
- Lutz Rosenpflanzer : Baroque town houses in Dresden . Verlag der Kunst, Dresden 2002, ISBN 3-364-00382-3 .
- Stefan Hertzig : The Dresden Bürgerhaus in the time of August the Strong . Dresden 2001, ISBN 3-980-77390-6 .
Footnotes
Web links
Coordinates: 51 ° 3 ′ 36.9 ″ N , 13 ° 44 ′ 36.6 ″ E