Grundhof (Radebeul)

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The Grundhof is a stately home in the Paradise Road 66/68 in the district Niederlößnitz in Radebeul , formerly a vineyard with manor . Paradiesstrasse 56/58, which is now separated, also originally belonged to the property.

The area of ​​the former "Weingut [s] with mansion, garden hall, gardener's house and two pavilions, park and enclosure", today a listed Grundhof, is located in the eastern part of Niederlößnitz directly on the western slope of the Lößnitzgrund within the Radebeuler Steinrück wine-growing area . It is in the conservation area Historic vineyard landscape Radebeul .

Grundhof, from right: mansion, in front of it 2 pavilions, garden hall, behind it the tower house is not visible

description

The property is a narrow triangular land running from north to south on the western slope of the Lößnitzgrund, which tapers to a point in the south. The buildings there from the 20th century have now been separated. In addition to their importance as individual architectural monuments, the grounds of the Grundhof itself as well as the property at Paradiesstraße 56 are considered ancillary sites for monument preservation . The property is fenced in with a high wall . The manor house is on the east side of the property with a view of the valley.

Manor house with outbuildings (Paradiesstraße 66)

Manor house of the Grundhof; the eastern pavilion on the left

The baroque mansion of the Grundhof, consisting of a massive ground floor and a half-timbered upper floor, is entirely plastered. The exterior is shaped by classicistic-Biedermeier forms. It is painted yellow and has a stately broad front that merges into a high hipped roof with hipped dormers with a row of bat dormers above it via a simply profiled cornice . The oldest part of the building, the six-axis central building from the second half of the 17th century, stands above a wine cellar . Originally this building had an open pillared hall facing the garden and the half-timbering of the upper floor was protected by planking. At the beginning of the 18th century, the house was extended by the two side axes that recede a few centimeters from the facade on the garden side. On the narrow, five-axis entrance side in the south, an arbor with four Doric columns was added around 1800 , while at the same time the open columned hall was added and converted into a corridor. In the 19th century, the boarding was removed and this part of the facade was plastered over.

Inside, remains of elaborate room designs have been preserved. In the balcony room on the upper floor, a painting in green tones in the Rococo style was uncovered, which was probably made around 1780 and shows mirrors crowned by rocailles . The hall on the upper floor was designed in a classical style by Adolph Serrius : the walls are painted with Ionic columns that support an architrave , while the ceiling is decorated with a geometric pattern of ribbons and rosettes .

A single-storey residential building with a mansard roof is attached to the northern side, followed by a farm building with a mansard roof and a basket-arched passage at right angles. This is also followed by another farm building with a crooked hip roof , which thus forms a courtyard. All of these outbuildings date from the mid-18th century.

Garden hall, tower house and pavilions (Paradiesstraße 68)

In the park of the Grundhof, to the west of the manor house , is the classicist tower house , built in 1801 and now a single storey , which originally housed a large garden hall. The hipped roof with ridge turret , clock, open lantern , hood and weather vane burned down in 1944 and was provided with a flat emergency roof that still exists today. The original weather vane from 1837 showed a black African with a palm tree riding an elephant.

To the west of the tower house is a garden hall , which probably emerged from an orangery in the early 19th century and has five single-story window axes with folding shutters on its western eaves side. Above is an S-shaped curved roof with gable dormers. The wall runs down vertically from the ridge at the rear; an emergency solution, as the roof formerly merged into the roof of the adjoining tower house . On the gable side in the south there is an entrance with a straight roof and a semicircular window above it.

In the park, symmetrically in front of the entrance side of the tower house, which was formerly decorated with a triangular gable, there are two equally designed, square pavilions from the 18th century, whose timber-frame is clad in wood and which have small slate mansard roofs.

  • Grundhof, garden hall, behind the tower house

  • Grundhof, pavilions

  • Grundhof, entrance Paradiesstrasse 68

House in the garden (Paradiesstraße 58)

The listed house in the garden , a country house designed like a castle, which was built on the grounds of the Grundhof in 1906, is single-storey and consists of a main building with two wings. The plastered building in homeland security style has a hipped roof with a cubic ridge turret with a four-sided dome . In the middle of the main view to the west there is a dwelling with a triangular gable, which stands on bulbous wooden pillars. The two wing structures have a lower ridge line and dormers to the outside. At the rear of the main building there is a narrow gable extension above the entrance. In front of the small inner courtyard is a curved wall with a double staircase, roof porch and gate. The outbuilding to the villa has its own monument entry.

Today the house in the garden no longer belongs to the property of the Grundhof, the property with the house was divided off with its own address.

House in the corner (Paradiesstrasse 56)

In 1924/1925 the single-storey, plastered house in the corner was built on the grounds of the Grundhof , a country house in the Heimatschutz style with a steep hipped roof with dormers, to the south with a two-storey, polygonal central projectile with a tent roof and an outside staircase to the front garden. On the north side there is a two-storey front staircase with an entrance with a hipped roof. In addition to the listed villa, the villa's garden is a monument-preserving subsidiary complex .

Today the house in the corner no longer belongs to the property of the Grundhof, the property with the house was divided off with its own address.

  • House in the garden , Paradiesstrasse 58

  • Entrance to the house in the garden , Paradiesstrasse 58

  • House in the corner with a listed garden, Paradiesstrasse 56

  • View from the north of Luisenstift and northern Zillerstraße. Center: House in the garden , bottom right. the winegrower's house on the railway line (around 1906)

history

The first known owners by name were the brothers Christian Samuel Schweisker and Gottfried Schweisker in 1650, who owned the vineyard called the high mountain at the time . On February 1, 1651, Martin Ratke (probably Martin Ratke, died on September 10, 1660), Elector Johann Georg I and II of Saxony, secret valet, acquired the property, his daughter Anna Katharina, with the Meissen city ​​and country physicist Dr. med. Friedrich Bussius married, inherited it in 1652. This in turn passed it on to her children Aug. Friedr. Dr. med. Bussius, Anna Sophia b. Bussius married Joh. Michael Knaust and Chamberlain Christian Gottlieb Bussius. The two-storey mansion of the winery (today Paradiesstrasse 66) was built in 1696 from a vineyard house built around 1650. On December 24, 1702, Christian Gottlieb Bussius bought the property from his siblings for 1,000  guilders . In 1725 he acquired the desert mountain from the Lindian heirs in a subhastation (foreclosure auction) , which he transformed into his tree garden, with which he finally owned 3 vineyards and the tree garden. After his death these went to his widow and their three children.

The event, which was widespread in several chronicles of old times, that the Elector Johann Georg IV. Had given the property to his mistress Magdalena Sibylla von Neitschütz in 1693 , cannot be traced back to the corresponding documents of the Bussius family and can be referred to the realm of legendary tales.

The merchant Friedrich Gottfried Gerber bought the property from Bussius Erben in 1747 for 1,300  Reichstaler . From him the property passed in 1763 to his son Gottfried Adolph Gerber, merchant and trader in Dresden.

In 1772 the brothers Johann Franz Eytelweine and Johann Friedrich Eytelweine, both traders and merchants in Leipzig, acquired the vineyards for 1,540 thalers through a “repurchase and lease agreement for 4 years”  . In 1779, the merchant and merchant Johann Christoph Künzelmann took over the former Gerber vineyards including the buildings for 1,750 thalers. 10 years later, in 1789, the next public foreclosure auction took place, at which the court confectioner Johann Friedrich Schwabe bought the Nieder- or Hausberg and the Baumgarten on the Hausberg for 1,335 thalers.

Teaching and education institute , lithograph around 1823

A few months later in the same year 1789, the court preacher Christian Ehrgott Raschig acquired the property, known as Nieder- or Hausberg , for 1,425 thalers, which he later bequeathed to his daughter Johanna Friedericke, pastor Flemming, who was married . In 1801 the tower house (Paradiesstraße 68) was built, the name of which was derived from the roof turret that can be seen from afar. Flemming's heirs sold the property to Christian Adolph Serrius. From 1823 to 1836 for operational Saint Petersburg arrivals from Dr. the world wisdom Serrius in the tower house an international teaching and educational institution for boys until he closed the institution in 1836 and moved to Rostock . Up to 40 boys between the ages of seven and 17 were taught there at the same time.

Grundhof, from right: mansion, tower house, garden hall, in front of it the two pavilions (lithograph around 1830)

In 1837 the pharmacist and naturalist Johann Friedrich Anton Dehne († April 10, 1856 in Niederlößnitz) became the owner of the 7.2 hectare property (13 acres, 15  square rods) for 9,000 thalers  . Dehne described the genus Micromys in 1841 , the only species of which is the harvest mouse ( Micromys minutus ). The design of the extensive park in the English landscape style , in which he carried out exotic plantings, goes back to him . In the northern part of the property he set up greenhouses for his pharmaceutical cultivations. Dehne was elected first community elder in 1839 when the Niederlößnitz community was constituted. Dehne was inherited by his two sons, the economist Heinrich Ludwig Dehne (1820–1868) and the metallurgical engineer (Carl Anton) Bernhard Dehne (* 1824), who returned to the Loessnitz in 1874/75 after a long stay in Mexico.

The Reich judge a. D. Otto Suppes bought the property from Dehne's son in 1906, which at that time was called "Heiterer Blick". Since there was an excursion restaurant of the same name in Niederlößnitz since the end of the 19th century, Suppes renamed his property “Grundhof”. He commissioned his son Adolph Suppes (1880–1918) and his friend Otto Rometsch (1879–1938), both architects, with the restoration of the historic winery. The two took this opportunity to set up a joint architecture office there in Niederlößnitz. Suppes and Rometsch built a new, three-wing country house for Suppes' father on the property (Paradiesstrasse 58) in the form of a small castle in the style of homeland security , the house in the garden . Rometsch himself converted the existing tower house into a residential and studio building. From 1907 to 1909, Suppes and Rometsch restored the existing buildings. In 1924, after Adolph Suppes' death, Rometsch designed for the siblings Dr. Suppes on the property the house in the corner (Paradiesstrasse 56), surrounded by a strict garden. In 1925, Otto Rometsch expanded apartments in the outbuildings of the manor house.

In 1996, a descendant of Suppes' sold her property to the current owners, who had the buildings renovated in accordance with historical monuments in 1998/99 and 2003/04 (mansion), 2005 (garden house) and 2010 (historical garden hall). The renovation of the tower house is still pending.

In 1999 the Grundhof received the Radebeul building owner award in the category of special award for the renovation of a culturally and historically valuable ensemble and in 2000 the Federal Award for Crafts in Monument Preservation from the German Foundation for Monument Protection. During the renovation, a painting by Paul Wilhelm from 1921 was used for the coloring. The current owners live in the manor house, while the garden house, the tower house and the historical garden hall are rented out.

In the tower house lived and worked constantly artist, the painter Wilhelm Claus (1882-1914), who was from 1905 in Dresden and Radebeul and to the to 1972 in the tower house living painter Karl Kröner was friends (1887-1972). The painter Paul Wilhelm (1886–1965) also lived there until he and his American wife Marion moved into their own property in Gradsteg in 1920 . The architect Emil Högg (1867–1954) worked in the Grundhof after his architecture office in Dresden was destroyed in 1945. There he also devoted himself to painting as an old work, where he created numerous Lößnitz pictures. Today the freelance painter and graphic artist Gunter Herrmann has been using the house since 1962 . There is also the youth art school in the district of Meißen e. V. - Radebeul branch .

Winegrower's house in the Malerwinkel

Malerwinkel with the Grundhof's winery right next to the Lößnitzgrundbahn (1905)
The Malerwinkel 2013 with the track of the Lößnitzgrundbahn, in the background on the left the manor house of the Grundhof shimmers through the trees.

The Grundhof's winery (Lößnitzgrundstrasse 38) was first mentioned in 1747 in the purchase agreement between Bussius and Gerber. The Lößnitzgrundbahn built in the 1880s ran just north of the Lößnitzgrundstraße overpass over the tracks "one meter" past the building into the Lößnitzgrund. The motif from the overpass to the winegrower's house and into the ground bears the name Malerwinkel .

After Otto Suppes took over the Grundhof, the vacant winegrower's house was rented out until the 1950s, with up to three families living there at times. In 1951 the winery was removed from the property and sold by Suppes' heirs.

At the end of May 1984 the house burned for two consecutive days while its owner was absent for a long period of time. Child arson may have occurred. After the extinguishing work, the stairwell, upper floor and roof were damaged, but the historic building could be repaired. Because of the upcoming anniversary of the narrow-gauge railway and in anticipation of the visit of the GDR Transport Minister Otto Arndt , the fire-damaged house was torn down as an "eyesore" in the absence of its owner and covered with tarpaulin, "which caused amusement, incomprehension and indignation among the invited passengers."

Today there are no more traces of the historic winegrower's house.

literature

  • Frank Andert (Red.): Radebeul City Lexicon . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 .
  • Barbara Bechter, Wiebke Fastenrath u. a. (Ed.): Handbook of German Art Monuments , Saxony I, Dresden District . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-422-03043-3 , p. 736 .
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of German Art Monuments , Vol. 1, Central Germany . 1914.
  • Matthias Donath, Jörg Blobelt (photos): Saxon wine country . Historic wineries and vineyard houses in the Elbe Valley. 1st edition. Editorial and publishing company Elbland, Dresden 2010.
  • Karin Gerhardt: Karl Kröner on his 125th birthday . Memorial exhibition in the Radebeul city gallery. In: Radebeuler monthly books e. V. (Ed.): Preview & Review; Monthly magazine for Radebeul and the surrounding area . April 2012 ( online version [accessed on April 2, 2012] With several pictures and photos of the Grundhof and its artists).
  • Cornelius Gurlitt : Niederlössnitz. More buildings. Paradiesstrasse No. 18 (high mountain). In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 26. Booklet: The art monuments of Dresden's surroundings, Part 2: Amtshauptmannschaft Dresden-Neustadt . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1904, p. 134.
  • Volker Helas (arrangement): City of Radebeul . Ed .: State Office for Monument Preservation Saxony, Large District Town Radebeul (=  Monument Topography Federal Republic of Germany . Monuments in Saxony ). SAX-Verlag, Beucha 2007, ISBN 978-3-86729-004-3 .
  • Gert Morzinek: Historical forays with Gert Morzinek . The collected works from 5 years “StadtSpiegel”. premium, Großenhain 2007.

Web links

Commons : Grundhof  - collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Large district town of Radebeul (ed.): Directory of the cultural monuments of the town of Radebeul . Radebeul May 24, 2012, p. 30 (Last list of monuments published by the city of Radebeul. The Lower Monument Protection Authority, which has been located in the Meißen district since 2012, has not yet published a list of monuments for Radebeul.).
  2. ↑ a b Volker Helas (arrangement): City of Radebeul . Ed .: State Office for Monument Preservation Saxony, Large District Town Radebeul (=  Monument Topography Federal Republic of Germany . Monuments in Saxony ). SAX-Verlag, Beucha 2007, ISBN 978-3-86729-004-3 , p. 242–243 and enclosed map .
  3. ^ Funeral sermon by Sophia Elisabeth Erndel geb. Ratke, 1685, http://diglib.hab.de/drucke/lpr-stolb-8761/start.htm
  4. ↑ http://www.ndlz.keepfree.de/bauwerke/grundhof/grundhof.htm
  5. ↑ a b Gert Morzinek: Historical forays with Gert Morzinek . The collected works from 5 years “StadtSpiegel”. premium, Großenhain 2007, p. 75-77 .
  6. ↑ a b Manfred Richter: Grundhof, called "Hoher Berg" until 1909. In: Niederlößnitz from yesteryear. Retrieved October 30, 2010 .
  7. ^ Karl Julius Hofmann: The Meissen Netherlands in its natural beauties and peculiarities or Saxon Italy in the Meissen and Dresden areas with their localities. A folk book for nature and patriot friends presented topographically, historically and poetically . Louis Mosche, Meißen 1853. p. 718 ( online version )
  8. ↑ Council of moissons in French-speaking Wikipedia
  9. ^ Adolf Schruth; Manfred Richter (arrangement): Chronicle Niederlößnitz . Radebeul, S. 15 ( ndlz.keepfree.de [PDF] 1930; 2010).
  10. ↑ Manfred Richter: Postcard, d. 1914. In: Niederlößnitz from yesteryear. Retrieved December 7, 2014 .
  11. ↑ Manfred Richter: Postcard around 1913. In: Niederlößnitz from yesteryear. Retrieved December 7, 2014 .
  12. ^ Table of contents: Narrow-gauge album Saxony - Volume 4 - K.Sächs.Sts.EB 1881–1920. Vol. 4. (PDF) VGB Verlagsgruppe Bahn, 2004. ISBN 978-3-89610-133-4 .
  13. ↑ Which Saxon narrow-gauge railway comes here steamed? (With photos from shortly before the fire)
  14. ↑ Manfred Richter: Winzerhaus of the Grundhof. In: Niederlößnitz from yesteryear. Retrieved December 7, 2014 .

Coordinates: 51 ° 6 ′ 49.9 ″  N , 13 ° 39 ′ 19 ″  E