Heinrich Eymer

Heinrich Christian Eymer (born June 11, 1883 in Frankfurt am Main , † May 16, 1965 in Munich ) was a German gynecologist and obstetrician .

Live and act

Heinrich Christian Eymer was born on June 11, 1883 in Frankfurt / Main. After studying medicine , he was granted his medical license in Karlsruhe in 1908 . In the same year he was at the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg with the dissertation "Lymphangiogendotheliome the ovary" Doctor of Medicine doctorate . Eymer stayed in Heidelberg , first as an assistant in internal medicine under Ludolf von Krehl , then in gynecology under Alfons von Rosthorn and Carl Menge . In the meantime , Eymer sat in on Heinrich Albers-Schönberg's X-ray Institute in Hamburg , with Albert Neisser in the Hygiene Institute in Frankfurt am Main and with Hans von Chiari in the Pathological Institute in Strasbourg . In 1917 he completed his habilitation at the University of Heidelberg with the text "Experimental on lead filter radiation".

In 1924 he was appointed professor at the University of Innsbruck and appointed head of the university women's clinic. In 1930 he was appointed to succeed Carl Menges in Heidelberg and was director of the university women's clinic there until 1934. In the Heidelberg women's clinic, Heinrich Eymer brought about structural improvements in the women's clinic, some of which had already been initiated by Carl Quantity. This includes expanding the X-ray station, the isolation of infectious patients, the establishment of infant rooms on the included maternity wards , setting up a special ward for women with miscarriages , housing the Hyperemesiskranken in single rooms, as well as the establishment of an emergency power supply. By 1932 the clinic was expanded to 216 beds and 56 baby beds. In 1933 Eymer received a call from the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich , which he accepted in 1934. He handed over the Heidelberg clinic to Hans Runge and took over the Munich clinic from Albert Döderlein .

From 1935 to 1938 Heinrich Eymer was first chairman of the Bavarian Society for Obstetrics and Gynecology .

At the same time as Emer's beginning in Munich, the “ Law for the Prevention of Hereditary Offspring ” became applicable law in Germany. For the first edition of the Commentary on the Sterilization Act, Döderlein wrote the article: "Making women sterile " , Eymer wrote the corresponding article for the second edition. Like 140 other doctors in what was then the territory of the German Reich , he was authorized in 1936 to carry out sterilization with radium or X-rays. Such irradiation avoided the risk of a laparotomy operation , but Eymer pointed out that, in addition to the effect of sterilization, there would be the consequences of castration , so that he did not recommend this method for women under 40 years of age.

According to information in the "German Leader Lexicon" Eymer belonged to the Kampfbund for German Culture , the Nazi Doctors 'Association and the National Socialist Teachers' Association . In 1934 he became a member of the Reich Air Protection Association and "supporting member" of the SS , and in 1935 of the National Socialist People's Welfare (NSV). The Nazi Party he joined in 1937 and the Nazi Dozentenbund (NSDDB) 1939 at.

Emer's scientific and clinical work focused mainly on radiation therapy for uterine cancer , with which he continued a tradition established by Döderlein as well as his collaboration with the physicist and head of the radiation department at the Munich Women's Clinic Friedrich Voltz. This collaboration and the one with Julius Ries, whom Eymer appointed as head of the radiation department in 1949, made a significant contribution to the standardization of radiation therapy and to therapeutic successes that strengthened the reputation of the Munich clinic beyond the national borders. This gave her an equal position alongside surgical therapy. Heinrich Christian Eymer was co-editor of the journals Reports on the Entire Gynecology and Obstetrics as well as their border areas , Munich Medical Weekly , Medical Clinic and Medical Monthly , as well as on the advisory board of the German Medical Weekly .

After the end of the Second World War , Eymer was released from his professorship twice and in 1948 reappointed his former chair. The Munich Spruchkammer classified him on July 31, 1946 in the group of "minor offenders". On December 9, 1947, the judgment was overturned and Eymer was classified in the group of "fellow travelers". Cardinal Michael Faulhaber had campaigned for Eymer with the American military government. After his retirement in April 1952, Eymer managed the gynecological clinic until October 1954. Werner Bickenbach was appointed his successor .

From 1951 to 1952 he was President of the German Society for Gynecology and organized its congress in Munich in 1952. The society later made him an honorary member. The Federal Republic of Germany honored him in 1953 with the award of the Great Cross of Merit for the Order of Merit . Heinrich Christian Eymer died in Munich in 1965 at the age of 82.

Fonts (selection)

• Lymphangiogenic endotheliomas of the ovary. Dissertation , Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg 1908.
• Experimental information on lead filter radiation. Habilitation thesis , Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg 1917.
• X-rays in gynecology and obstetrics. Gräfe & Sillem, Hamburg 1913.
• Clinic of radiation for uterine cancer. In: Josef von Halban , Ludwig Seitz : Biology and Pathology of Woman. Volume 4.
• Radiation treatment of tuberculosis of the female genital organs. In: Carl Joseph Gauß , Hans Meyer : Textbook of radiation therapy. Volume 4, 1929.
• The interventions to render women sterile. In: Law for the Prevention of Hereditary Diseased Offspring together with the ordinance of December 5, 1933 on the implementation of the law, excerpt from the law against dangerous habitual criminals and on measures of security and reform of November 24, 1933. 2nd edition. J. F. Lehmanns Verlag , Munich 1936.
• with Erich Lexer : Termination of pregnancy and sterility in surgical diseases. In: Reichsärztekammer (Hrsg.): Guidelines for termination of pregnancy and sterility for health reasons. Edited by Hans Stadler. J. F. Lehmanns Verlag, Munich 1936, pp. 131-135.

literature

• W. Rech: Heinrich Eymer on his 70th birthday. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 23 (1953), 856-7, PMID 13068012
• Julius Ries: Heinrich Eymer. Radiotherapy 128 (1965), 480-2, PMID 5334699
• S. Bravely: Professor Heinrich Eymer (1883-1965) in memoriam. Münch Med Wochenschr 107 (1965), 1889-90, PMID 5324430
• Konrad Buttron: The development of the Heidelberg University Women's Clinic from Franz Anton Mai to Josef Zander. Dissertation , Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg 1981, online (PDF document; 674 kB)
• Rolf Kaiser: In Memoriam Heinrich Eymer. Obstetrics and Gynecology 43 (1983) 771-772.
• Erich Kuß: Inhumane practices in the I. Women's Clinic of the University of Munich. Geburth Frauenheilk 55 (1995), 291–298, online (PDF document; 5.2 MB).
• Erich Kuß : A clinic director in political distress: The director of the first women's clinic at the University of Munich, Professor Dr. Heinrich Eymer, "subject of investigation" of the military government and "affected person" in the arbitration chamber proceedings, now in the twilight of "coming to terms with the past". Würzburg medical history reports 19 (2000), 283–388, article as PDF file ; Shaker-Verlag Aachen 1999, ISBN 3-826-56751-X
• R. Bröer: Gynecology in the service of eugenics - Medical careers at the University Women's Clinic Heidelberg during National Socialism. Natal Frauenheilk 64 (2004), 1090-1097, doi : 10.1055 / s-2004-821250
• Erich Kuss : Heinrich Eymer. Overcoming the past and self-control of science. (2011) Article as PDF file .
• Pavla Albrecht: Prof. Dr. Heinrich Eymer - a medical career between ambition, eugenics and National Socialism , in Marita Krauss: Right careers in Munich. From the Weimar period to the post-war years , Volk Verlag Munich, 2010, ISBN 978-3-937200-53-8 .
• Erich Kuß : Comments on “Challenges. 100 years of the Bavarian Society for Obstetrics and Gynecology ”. Munich 2014, online (PDF document; 2.8 MB).

Web links

• Eymer, Heinrich (2012): Directory of scientific papers. Supplemented and adapted to today's citation by Erich Kuß. Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Arthur Gütt, Ernst Rüdin, Falk Ruttke: Law for the Prevention of Hereditary Diseases Offspring of July 14, 1933 together with implementing regulations. Munich 1936, pp. 373-379
2. ^ ^{A b} Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Third Reich: Who was what before and after 1945. , Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 142f.
3. ↑ ^{a b} Erich Kuß : A clinic director in political distress: The director of the first women's clinic at the University of Munich, Professor Dr. Heinrich Eymer, "subject of investigation" of the military government and "affected person" in the arbitration chamber proceedings, now in the twilight of "coming to terms with the past". Würzburg medical history reports 19 (2000), 346–347, article as PDF file
4. ↑ Johannes Donhauser: The Health Department in National Socialism - The delusion of the "healthy people's body" and its fatal consequences - A documentation. Health Department in the District Office Neuburg-Schrobenhausen 2010, p. 47, online (PDF document; 1.6 MB)
5. ^ The German Leader Lexicon 1934/1935. Berlin 1934, p. 118.
6. ↑ Publishing information in: Reichsärztekammer (Hrsg.): Guidelines for the termination of pregnancy and infertility for health reasons. Edited by Hans Stadler. J. F. Lehmanns Verlag, Munich 1936, p. 185.
7. ↑ Ulrich K. Henschke, Hans S. Hilaris: The future of radiation therapy in the treatment of collum carcinoma. Arch Gynäkol 203 (1965), pp. 289-304.
8. ↑ Moritz Fischer: Faulhaber and denazification, in: to the debate. Topics of the Catholic Academy in Bavaria 49 (2019), no.3, p. 22f.
9. ↑ Moritz Fischer: Faulhaber and denazification, in: to the debate. Topics of the Catholic Academy in Bavaria 49 (2019), no.3, p. 22f.
10. ↑ Moritz Fischer: Faulhaber and denazification, in: to the debate. Topics of the Catholic Academy in Bavaria 49 (2019), no.3, p. 22f.
11. ↑ Bayerisches Ärzteblatt 5 (1952), p. 73, online  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF document; 10.6 MB)