Heinrich Stroebel

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Heinrich Ströbel (born June 7, 1869 in Bad Nauheim , † September 1, 1944 in Zurich ) was a socialist German publicist and politician ( SPD , USPD , SAP ). In 1918/1919 he served alongside Paul Hirsch as Prime Minister in the Prussian Revolutionary Cabinet .

Life

Ströbel came from a middle-class background, graduated from secondary school and then began training as a businessman, which he broke off after a short time. Afterwards, he continued his autodidactic training in literary history and economics as well as other subjects typical of the time. In 1889 he joined the SPD during the Socialist Law and began to write for various party newspapers (including Die Neue Zeit and Vorwärts ). In the following years, Ströbel concentrated on making a career within the SPD and becoming a party leader, which he largely succeeded in doing.

As early as 1900, at the initiative of Rosa Luxemburg , Ströbel became editor of the central organ of the SPD and was a member of the Prussian House of Representatives from 1908 to 1918 . In 1914, Ströbel was promoted to editor-in-chief of Vorwärts and from the outset took a critical position on the truce policy of the SPD leadership in the First World War . In 1917 he therefore switched to the USPD , after having worked on the first edition of the magazine Die Internationale in 1915 . Before that, he had contacted the German Peace Society (DFG) and joined the pacifist collection movement Bund Neues Vaterland . As early as 1916, Ströbel lost his position in the course of the so-called forward robbery and from then on called for a boycott of the central organ of the SPD.

After the end of the First World War, Ströbel took over the chairmanship of the Prussian revolutionary government together with the SPD member Paul Hirsch. From November 14, 1918 to January 4, 1919 he held the office of Prussian Prime Minister .

From March 1919 to November 1920, Ströbel acted as a political editorial for the magazine Die Weltbühne . After the split in the USPD, he returned to the SPD in 1920 and was a member of the Reichstag for the party from 1924 to 1932 . Here he belonged to the left, pacifist wing. Shortly after he was elected to the party executive at the Leipzig party congress in 1931, he joined the Socialist Workers' Party in Germany and was co-chairman with Kurt Rosenfeld and Max Seydewitz for a short time , but returned to the SPD in early 1932. In 1927 he was one of the co-founders of Der Klassenkampf - Marxist papers . He was also an employee of the pacifist newspaper Das Andere Deutschland . In 1933 he emigrated to Switzerland , where he died in 1944.

Fonts (selection)

  • Be people. Zeitgedichte, Berlin: Verlag Gustav Ziemsen, 1918.
  • The balance sheet of the revolution. A review and an outlook, Berlin: Verl. Neues Vaterland, 1919 (= pamphlets of the Federal New Fatherland No. 17, 1st – 3rd thousand).
  • The first billion of the second trillion. The society of the future, Berlin: Cassirer, 1919.
  • The war guilt of the right-wing socialists , Berlin: Verlagsgesellschaft "Freiheit", 1919.
  • Through to the truth , Berlin: Verlag Neues Vaterland, 1919 (= pamphlets of the Federal New Fatherland No. 11; 4th – 22nd thousand).
  • The German Revolution. Your misfortune and your rescue , Berlin: "Der Firn" Verlag, 1920 (published by "Aufbau und Werden" Society for practical public enlightenment and increasing the national workforce).
  • The guilt in the war , Charlottenburg: Verl. D. World stage, 1920.
  • Socialization, its ways and requirements , Berlin: "Der Firn" Verlag, 1921.
  • Not violence, but organization. The basic error of Bolshevism , Berlin: “Der Firn” publishing house, 1921 (published as 2nd special edition of the socialist round-up “Der Firn”).
  • Socialism and World Community , Berlin: "Der Firn" Verlag, 1923.

literature

  • Heinrich Stroebel. In: Franz Osterroth : Biographical Lexicon of Socialism . Volume 1: Deceased Personalities. Verlag JHW Dietz Nachf. GmbH, Hanover 1960, pp. 304-305.
  • Benjamin Bock: "The Threatened Democracy". Heinrich Ströbel's relationship to the young Weimar Republic. Tectum Verlag, Marburg 2010, ISBN 978-3-8288-2480-5 .
  • Rüdiger Graf: The politics of pure reason - the failure of the left social democrat Heinrich Ströbel between utopia and realpolitik. In: Andreas Wirsching / Jürgen Eder (eds.): Reasonable republicanism in the Weimar Republic. Politics, literature, science. Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-515-09110-7 .
  • Lothar Wieland: “Like 1914 again!”. Heinrich Ströbel (1869–1944). Biography of a forgotten social democrat. Donat, Bremen 2009, ISBN 978-3-938275-49-8 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Cf., Koszyk, Kurt / Eisfeld, Gerhard (1980): Die Presse der Sozialdemokratie. A bibliography, Bonn: Verlag Neue Gesellschaft (2nd, revised and expanded edition), p. 72 and Schueler, Hermann (2006): In spite of all this. Der Vorwärts - Chronicler of the Other Germany, Berlin: Vorwärts-Buch, p. 253.
  2. ^ Mann, Bernhard (edit.): Biographical manual for the Prussian House of Representatives. 1867-1918. Collaboration with Martin Doerry , Cornelia Rauh and Thomas Kühne . Düsseldorf: Droste Verlag, 1988, p. 378f (handbooks on the history of parliamentarism and political parties: vol. 3)
  3. Cf., Wieland, Lothar (2009): “Again like 1914!”. Heinrich Ströbel (1869–1944). Biography of a forgotten social democrat, Donat, Bremen 2009, pp. 108–119; Holl, Karl (1988): Pacifism in Germany, Frankfurt a. M .: Suhrkamp, ​​pp. 114-116 u. Wieland, Lothar (1983): Art. German League for Human Rights (DLfM), in: Donat, Helmut / Holl, Karl (ed.): The peace movement. Organized pacifism in Germany, Austria and Switzerland, Düsseldorf: Econ-Taschenbuch-Verl., Pp. 76–80.
  4. Cf., Schueler (2006): Despite alledem, pp. 301–308.