Lords of Friedingen
The Lords of Friedingen were a noble , noble ruling family in Hegau , who named themselves Hohenfriedingen near Friedingen im Hegau after their newly built family castle from around 1170/80 . In the years 1180–1190, only a few years after the construction of their ancestral castle, they built a second castle on the Krähen , Hohenkrähen Castle , which remained impregnable to them until it was destroyed in 1512. In 1568, just a few decades after Hohenkrähen Castle, the last male descendant of those von Friedingen died, the last Friedinger woman in 1571.
history
Around 1170, the noble family moved into their new ancestral castle Hohenfriedingen near Friedingen im Hegau, for which they built a castle, first mentioned in 914, and named themselves after the place.
The Lords of Friedingen were supporters of the Hohenstaufen . Although noble-free, they submitted to the supremacy of the Reichenau abbot around 1200 because of political and economic advantages . He gave the Friedingers the management office and Vogteirecht in Radolfzell . The Friedinger had these rights for sixty years, which secured their rule over Radolfzell. Then the fiefdom was dissolved by Abbot Albrecht von Ramstein .
In the 15th century, the Friedinger lost economic and social influence due to inheritance and legal disputes, and gradually had to sell the village and castle to the Lords of Bodman . In 1476 there were only a few pieces of property left to the Friedingers. Hans Wilhelm von Friedingen carried out raids in the area from Hohenkrähen until an 8,000-strong punitive expedition of the Swabian Federation destroyed the robber barons' nest on November 12, 1512 . As a result, the Friedinger's track is lost.
origin
The male line of the Lords of Friedingen goes back to the Udalriching Counts of Bregenz . Liutfried von Bregenz-Winterthur , the progenitor, was born around 930 as one of four sons of Count Ulrich VI. von Bregenz , who was called Otzo, was born. The Bishop of Constance Gebhard II of Bregenz was Liutfried's youngest brother, founded the Petershausen Monastery in 983 and was canonized in 1124 . This family had rich estates in Upper Swabia, Linzgau and Hegau. The Lords of Hirscheck grew out of the Counts of Bregenz-Winterthur. Heinrich the Elder von Hirscheck's eldest son was Hermann the Elder "von Mahlspüren" in the valley, who, without a permanent residence, was also known as "von Gailingen" and "von Büsslingen". Hermann the Younger von Mahlspüren-Espasingen, son of Hermann the Elder "von Mahlspüren", married a daughter of Count Dietrich von Bürglen-Nellenburg, who with her inheritance was the main property and thus the basis of the later rulership of the Lords of Friedingen, most of them who were heirs to the Nellenburg family. From this marriage seven sons were born, of which Hermann I was referred to as "von Stetten" in Linzgau in 1158 and as Hermann von Espasingen in 1169, for the last time during his lifetime. This Hermann I appears for the first time in 1183 as the bearer of the name "Hermann I. von Friedingen", who, however, had already died at that time. Hermann I had at least two sons, Hermann II, who was Bishop of Konstanz, and Heinrich I von Friedingen, who founded Hohenfriedingen Castle around 1170/80.
The line on Hohenfriedingen
With the construction of the castle in Friedingen by Heinrich I von Stetten, who is now called Heinrich I von Friedingen, the family's new ancestral home is being built on the Friedingen Schlossberg. All later family members, who henceforth called themselves "von Friedingen" or "von Krähen", are descendants of Heinrich I. He had four sons, Heinrich II., Hermann III., Ulrich, who was provost in Beuron, and Rudolf I., who stayed at the castle from the 1190s. From 1200, his son, Heinrich III, is the lord of the castle on Hohenfriedingen. In the same year he received the Reichenau bailiwick of Radolfzell as a fief and with it the title "Heinrich von Friedingen, Vogt von Radolfzell". With this title he goes far beyond the other Reichau ministerials. No other servant of the Reichenau abbot can match him during this time. When Diethelm von Krähen dies no later than 1228, Heinrich III. Co-owners of the Hohenkrähen and his sons, with the move of the Truchsessen von Krähen to Schwandorf in the 1250s, even the sole owners of the Hohenkrähen.
The first line on high crows
Due to an inheritance split between the sons of Heinrich I von Friedingen, the castle founder of Hohenfriedingen, the two sons, Heinrich II and Hermann III, receive the crows, along with Duchtlingen and Mühlhausen . They build Hohenkrähen Castle in the years 1180–1190 and appear from 1291 as "de Craien" or "de Creien". It is no longer possible to determine how the other possessions, such as singing , were distributed among the brothers. Of the two brothers, one of the two has a son, Berthold I. zu Krähen, the head sess of the crow, who gives up his noble freedom. The other brother, together with one of Krenkingen's , has four children, Judenta, who will be the abbess in Lindau, and the two sons, Diethelm and Liuthold, the monk, who will not be relegated to the ministry. Diethelm von Krähen dies at the latest in 1228 without male descendants. For fear of other relatives entitled to inherit who might have claims to Diethelm's property, a certificate was subsequently issued in 1228 by the St. Gallen abbot Konrad von Bussnang that a donation from Diethelm's property in "Burron et in Vridingen", in Friedingen and Beuren an der Aach , to the Monastery of Salem , which documents the clear first mention of the place "Beuren an der Aach". With the death of Diethelm von Krähen, Heinrich III., Settled on Hohenfriedingen, became a co-owner of the Hohenkrähen. After the Truchsessen von Krähen moved in the 1250s, the Hohenkrähen was completely owned by the sons of Heinrich III. from Friedingen over.
Known family members
- Hermann von Friedingen , was canon in Konstanz and from 1183 to 1189 Bishop of Konstanz , best known family member.
- Ulrich von Friedingen , was canon in Freising and from 1356 to 1357 Bishop of Constance.
- Rudolf von Friedingen, also Rudolf XIV. Von Friedingen († April 1, 1537 in Altshausen ), studied in Tübingen in 1482, was court master in Beuggen from 1490 and Komtur in Sumiswald near Bern from 1497. In 1522 he was appointed Land Commander of the Alsace-Burgundy Ballei. His coat of arms can be seen in the choir of the castle church in Altshausen and in the castle church. Niklaus Manuel depicted him in his dance of death on a wall in the Dominican monastery in Bern. Rudolf von Friedingen can also be seen in the dance of death window in the Bern cathedral .
- Johann von Friedingen , also Johann VIII. Von Friedingen or Johannes von Friedingen, brother of Rudolf von Friedingen (* around 1458) († December 21, 1534 in Bebenhausen ), was the last abbot of Bebenhausen before the Reformation
coat of arms
Coat of arms of the Lords of Friedingen
Coat of arms of the Lords of Friedingen
Coat of arms Alt-Friedingen
Individual evidence
- ^ Eberhard Dobler: Burg und Herrschaft Hohenkrähen , 1986, ISBN 3-7995-4095-4 , p. 69
- ↑ Franz Hofmann, Reinhild Kappes (ed.): "Zu Beurn sampt and special with all vleis and seriousness". The history of the Hegaudorf Beuren an der Aach through eight centuries , p. 10
- ^ Rudolf von Friedingen, coat of arms on the large coat of arms in the choir of the castle church in Altshausen
- ^ Rudolf von Friedingen, coat of arms in the castle church Altshausen
- ↑ Bern dance of death - Rudolf von Friedingen as a Teutonic Knight
- ↑ Dance of Death window, Bern Minster
- ↑ Johannes von Friedingen ( Memento of the original from December 20, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Hans Haug: Johannes von Friedingen - Last Abbot of Bebenhausen before the Reformation ( Memento of the original from June 19, 2004 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 3.7 MB)
swell
- Eberhard Dobler: Castle and rule Hohenkrähen in Hegau. Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Sigmaringen 1986, ISBN 3-7995-4095-4 .
- Friedinger Schlössle on the private side Castles and ruins in Baden-Württemberg
- History on the website www.Friedinger-Schloessle.de
