Hersbruck whitebeam

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Hersbruck whitebeam
Sorbus pseudothuringiaca 180514.jpg

Hersbruck whitebeam ( Sorbus pseudothuringiaca )

Systematics
Family : Rose family (Rosaceae)
Subfamily : Spiraeoideae
Tribe : Pyreae
Sub tribus : Pome fruit family (Pyrinae)
Genre : White berries ( sorbus )
Type : Hersbruck whitebeam
Scientific name
Sorbus pseudothuringiaca
Duel

The Sorbus Pseudothuringiaca ( Sorbus pseudothuringiaca ) is a plant from the genus of flour berries ( Sorbus ) in the family Rosaceae (Rosaceae). Within the whitebeam it belongs to the Sorbus hybrida group , so it is a hybridization between the species group common whitebeam ( Sorbus aria group), also known as the subgenus Aria Pers. and the rowanberry ( Sorbus aucuparia ) emerged.

description

The Hersbruck whitebeam is a medium-sized tree or shrub . The leaves measure 8 to 10 × 5 to 8 centimeters and are elliptical in autumn. They are very similar to the leaves of Sorbus × pinnatifida var. Thuringiaca . They have 4 to 5 lobes that are about 1.5 inches long, sloping and moderately serrated, and are rarely incised to the midrib . The leaf stalks are 15 to 20 millimeters long, slightly hairy and quite coarse. The upper side of the leaf is shiny, the underside of the leaf is woolly hairy and hardly balding. The hair is 6 to 8 (rarely up to 12) micrometers in diameter. There are 9 to 10 pairs of lateral nerves.

The inflorescence has a diameter of 4.5 to 5 centimeters and consists of 40 to 45 flowers . The flowers are 11 to 13 millimeters in diameter. The fruits are red, spherical, apple-shaped and have a diameter of about 9 to 11 millimeters. They contain very few, small lenticels that are less than 0.1 millimeters in diameter. The seeds are blackish.

Occurrence

The Hersbruck whitebeam is endemic in Bavaria in the Franconian Jura . It occurs mainly between Hersbruck and Pegnitz , also near Gößweinstein an der Wiesent and possibly also near Ebermannstadt and Forchheim . The southernmost occurrences have so far been occupied by Reicheltshofen and Unterried southeast of Deinschwang. In terms of its location requirements, the species is more like the rowanberry. Their places of growth on the hilltops of the Hersbrucker Alb are clearly clustered within the 900 mm precipitation line. Below 600 meters above sea level NN. are rarely found. The species grows in light, more mesophile- humid forest communities in more or less shady locations. Heaped stocks occur on the skeletal, shallow crests of the highest peaks of the Franconian Alb , where dolomite rock forms the subsoil. In the middle Franconian Jura it grows on and near the plateau edge of the Weißjura mainly on dolomite.

Danger

The Hersbruck whitebeam is considered safe nationwide according to the Red List of Endangered Plant Species . According to Bavaria's Red List, the species is classified as endangered at level 3. Germany has a very great responsibility for the conservation of the species. Within Germany, the state of Bavaria has sole responsibility for the species development of the Bavarian endemic.

Botanical history

Towards the end of the 19th century this species was interpreted as a bastard and listed in the local flora by August Friedrich Schwarz as "Sorbus hybrida Koch" ( Pirus aucuparia + aria = Pirus hybrida Smith = Sorbus hybrida Koch ) for several sites.

The Hersbruck whitebeam was first described by Ruprecht Düll in 1961 . He gave the clan species rank as a hereditary taxon. Konrad Gauckler expanded the previously known sites and noted the newly found sites on the manuscript maps created by Schwarz. In 1968 Otto Warburg and Zoltan Karpati understood the species as an intermediate species between Sorbus austriaca and Sorbus aucuparia . Düll (1961) and Kutzelnigg (1995) classified them in the Sorbus hybrida group. The reason for this were established similarities of the species with Sorbus × pinnatifida nm. Thuringiaca . The Sorbus hybrida group S.hybrida agg was terminologically replaced in 2001 by the hybridogenic subgenus Soraria Májovský et Bernátová and is now considered a synonym of it. In 2015 the species Sorbus collina was first described by M. Lepsy, P. Lepsy and N. Meyer . Sorbus collina belongs to the subgenus Aria Pers., Is tetraploid and has so far been incorrectly interpreted as belonging to transitional forms between Sorbus graeca and Sorbus aria and assigned to Sorbus pannonica . Meyer assumes that the Hersbruck whitebeam originated from Sorbus collina and Sorbus aucuparia.

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e f g Herfried Kutzelnigg: Sorbus . In: Hildemar Scholz (Hrsg.): Illustrated flora of Central Europe . Founded by Gustav Hegi. 2nd completely revised and expanded edition. Volume IV Part 2B: Spermatophyta: Angiospermae: Dicotyledones 2 (3) (Rosaceae, 2nd part) . Blackwell, Berlin / Vienna a. a. 1995, ISBN 3-8263-2533-8 , Sorbus pseudothuringiaca , p. 378 .
  2. ^ A b c d e f Norbert Meyer, Lenz Meierott, Herbert Schuwerk, Otto Angerer: Contributions to the genus Sorbus in Bavaria. In: Reports of the Bavarian Botanical Society for the research of native flora. Special volume, 2005, pp. 5-216 ( Sorbus pseudothuringiaca : pp. 93-96).
  3. Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
  4. August Friedrich Schwarz: Phanerogam and vascular cryptogam flora of the area around Nuremberg-Erlangen and the adjacent part of the Franconian Jura around Freistadt, Neumarkt, Hersbruck, Muggendorf, Hollfeld. II. Or special part. 2nd episode: The Calycifloren. In: Treatises of the Natural History Society in Nuremberg. Volume 12, 1899, p. 294 ( online ).
  5. ^ Ruprecht Düll: The Sorbus species and their hybrids in Bavaria and Thuringia. In: Reports of the Bavarian Botanical Society for the research of native flora. Volume 34, pp. 11–65 (here: pp. 55–58, http://www.bbgev.de/berichte/034_1961/sorbus-arten.pdf PDF file).
  6. ^ Otto Warburg, Zoltan Karpati: Sorbus. In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 2: Rosaceae to Umbelliferae . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1968, ISBN 0-521-06662-X , pp. 67–71 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).
  7. Entry in International Plant Names Index : Sorbus subgen. Soraria Májovský & Bernátová , accessed June 14, 2018
  8. ^ A b Norbert Meyer: Sorbus in Rothmaler - excursion flora from Germany vascular plants: Critical supplementary volume, Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016, page 113ff. ISBN 9783827431325

Web links

Commons : Hersbrucker whitebeam ( Sorbus pseudothuringiaca )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files