Hotel Silber (place of remembrance)

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Entrance area of ​​the Museum Hotel Silber "An exhibition on police and persecution"

Hotel Silber , also known as the Hotel Silber memorial or the Hotel Silber , a permanent exhibition about the political persecution by the police from 1928 to 1984 in the Hotel Silber , as well as the persecution and deportation of the Sinti and Roma and the persecution of homosexuals by the police in the Nazi era in Hospitalhof . The exhibition Police , Gestapo and Persecution is housed in the Hotel Silber in Stuttgart.

Political persecution in the Hotel Silber and in the Hospitalhof

Two locations: Hotel Silber and Hospitalhof
Two locations: Hotel Silber and Hospitalhof

The permanent exhibition of the museum in the Hotel Silber deals with the history of persecution at two locations of the police in Stuttgart: in the Hotel Silber and in the Hospitalhof .

From 1928 to 1933 in the Weimar Republic, the Stuttgart police headquarters were housed in the Hotel Silber together with the national political police. The building then became the Württemberg headquarters of the Nazi secret police (Gestapo). In the post-war period, various offices of the police communicated by the Allies were located here. From 1949 to 1984 in the Federal Republic of Germany , the Hotel Silber was a prison and an office of the criminal police, initially under municipal administration and from 1973 directly under the state of Baden-Württemberg .

From the imperial era until its destruction by the British Air Force in 1944, the hospital courtyard was home to the criminal investigation department and a police prison. During the Nazi era, Department II of the State Criminal Police Office was located there and, from 1936, the Criminal Police Headquarters in Stuttgart, Karlsruhe, Kaiserslautern and Saarbrücken .

The police history of the Hotel Silber has the following content in the permanent exhibition:

  • The continuities and breaks in dealing with minorities and in law enforcement
  • The self-image of the police in democracy and dictatorship

The Nazi history of the criminal police in the hospital courtyard is partially shown. The exhibition focus is attached

in Württemberg by the criminal police. The involvement of the criminal police in the Nazi policy of persecution and extermination outside of Württemberg is not part of the permanent exhibition.

In the temporary exhibitions, "selected aspects of the history of the Hotel Silber" are to be deepened.

Front. Left part of the building with inscriptions
Front. Middle part of the building with inscriptions
Back. Right part of the building with inscriptions

History of origin

As part of a new building project, the state of Baden-Württemberg and the Breuninger department store chain had been planning to demolish the Hotel Silber office building since 2007 . A place of remembrance about the Nazi past of the Hotel Silber was to be created in the new building.

building

The Hotel Silber after its renovation
Opposite direction
Back after the renovation

The architect Roland Ostertag spoke out in favor of preserving the building . Together with organizations that shape the culture and / or politics of history, he founded the Hotel Silber initiative for learning and memorializing. Since February 2009 the initiative has called for a Nazi documentation center to be housed in the Hotel Silber. The investors refused to keep the building because this would make the new construction project uneconomical. The property is also no longer an NS building. Due to the destruction of the war, the reconstruction and the subsequent renovation measures, "the Nazi use is no longer substantially recognizable." The initiative countered that the building " survived the bombing war undamaged for the most part " and is therefore an authentic building from the Nazi era be. The initiative's application for monument protection from April 2009 was rejected.

Initially, the SÖS and then DIE LINKE were the only factions in the city council that campaigned for the preservation.

In July 2010 the city of Stuttgart held an expert hearing on the Hotel Silber. The mentor of the hearing, Micha Brumlik , spoke out in favor of keeping the building. A majority made up of the GREENS, CDU, FDP and FREE VOTERS did not follow the recommendation. The development plan that was drawn up three months later therefore only provided for the basement to be retained. A piece of the facade of the Hotel Silber should be built into the outer wall and serve as a “stumbling block”. The SPD in the state parliament and in the local council , which was initially in favor of the demolition, spoke out in autumn 2010 for the complete preservation of the building.

In the case of the Greens, the vote of the grassroots was obtained on December 9, 2010. At their conference of members of the district, the future operator of the memorial site, the House of History Baden-Württemberg, advocated the demolition. Instead, the GREEN base voted to keep the east wing, which was not destroyed by the British Air Force in 1944. For the parliamentary group leader of the GREEN in the city council Werner Wölfle , this vote was not binding for his parliamentary group, as there was no imperative client . The decision of his party is therefore a request with the investors to negotiate the building half. After that, the four opponents of his 16-member faction would have to "acknowledge the realities."

On January 17, 2011, the initiative changed its position. On this day, the spokesmen for the initiative Elke Banabak and Josef Klegraf confirmed to the Hotel Silber Advisory Board of the City of Stuttgart the “basic demand” for the preservation of the “existing building”. However, it no longer made the demand for a Nazi documentation center for Stuttgart and Württemberg. Instead, the initiative spoke of the planned Nazi memorial in the new building. Their space requirements should not be based on the spatial ideas of the investors, but on content-related criteria.

Five days later, on January 23, 2011, the SPD state party conference voted against the demolition and in favor of setting up a Nazi documentation center. A month later the youth organization of the SPD (the JUSOS) criticized the black-green coalition in the Stuttgart municipal council . This wanted to tear down "a memorial to the tyranny of the National Socialists" in favor of the economic interests of the Breuninger company . The GREEN top candidate in the state elections Winfried Kretschmann should commit to preserving the building.

Micha Brumlik, Roland Ostertag and JUSOS Baden-Württemberg founded the GROUP OF Fifty. This association of celebrities from the SPD, the trade unions, science, culture and the media was active before and after the state elections and campaigned for the complete preservation of the Hotel Silber as a historical memorial. According to the group, a Nazi memorial in the new building with the Hotel Silber Keller would turn the site into a place of guards, torturers and murderers. On the other hand, the place where the desk perpetrators went would go up in dust, "just like the Nazi desk criminals once made away after the war." The GROUP OF Fifty-five turned primarily to the Greens. These should speak out against the partial demolition. Keeping the part of the office building that was undestroyed during the war, as the Greens strived for, would make the site of the Nazi crimes a memorial against the bombing war.

At the end of April 2011, the new government parties , the Greens and the SPD , finally agreed to keep the building. In the autumn of the same year, the country withdrew as an investor in the new building project. Four years later it was decided that the place of remembrance would be housed on three of the four floors of the east wing, which had not been destroyed by the war.

Sponsorship and funding

Access area on the back

Two years after the founding of the initiative - in January 2011 - it demanded that the country should not remain the sole bearer of the place of remembrance. The city of Stuttgart must become a co-sponsor. As a representative of the civic organizations, the initiative also called for their institutional participation. The initiative was able to enforce the demands for an expansion of the sponsorship. First of all, in February 2012, the country recognized that the initiative was the platform for citizens and organizations to participate in the project. In order to be able to act as a legal partner of the state and the city, the initiative was transformed into a registered association . Subsequently, the Stuttgart City Council in April 2012 spoke mostly for project participation of municipality of. The joint sponsorship between the state, the city and the initiative was decided in 2013.

In the early phase of the financing negotiations , the operational partner of the project, the LAGG , criticized the state spending more money on the Hotel Silber than on funding all the memorials in Baden-Württemberg combined. In April 2013, the umbrella organization of the memorials therefore asked for an increase in the annual funding. The country gradually met the LAGG's financial requirements.

In February 2015, the state and the city finally settled the financing. The state bears the costs for the property (conversion, renovation and rent) alone. The state and the city each share half the costs for equipment and operation. As the only co-sponsor, the initiative is not obliged to finance the project. The initiative also does not have to fundraise for the place of remembrance, as the state originally requested. In 2019 - in the first year of full operation - the House of History will receive 0.75 million euros for the project without funds for special exhibitions. The country contributes 2/3 and the city 1/3. The city is funding a staff position for the initiative from 2019 (2019: 30,000 euros). In addition, the initiative moves into a rent-free study in the Hotel Silber.

Planning and operation

The House of History Baden-Württemberg began planning the memorial site at the beginning of 2011, where the initiative could contribute. Nine months later, however, the initiative called for an independent institution. First of all, the initiative wanted to work out the concept for the exhibition and the educational sector together with Nazi researchers, memory educators and exhibition designers. For "budgetary and administrative" reasons, the country refuses to set up an independent institution.

At the beginning of 2012, a working group was set up for the permanent exhibition and the education plan. With the aim of finding an “amicable solution” between the House of History and the two co-sponsors of the state of Baden-Württemberg - the city of Stuttgart and the Hotel Silber Hotel, a place of learning and memorial initiative. The State Center for Political Education (LpB) , the State Working Group of Memorials and Memorial Initiatives (LAGG) and the City Museum take part in these meetings . The annual program in turn is developed in consensus between the House of Stories and its operational partners (Initiative, City of Stuttgart , LpB , LAGG ,).

concept

From the Nazi memorial to the "Persecution and Police" museum in "three systems"

Since 2007, the state has been planning a memorial to the Hotel Silber's Nazi past. The initiative, which initially called for a Nazi documentation center for Stuttgart and Württemberg , changed its position: In 2011, it advocated a place of learning and memorial about the Gestapo terror from the Hotel Silber and its pre- and post-effects. In addition, in April 2011, the local council majority (Greens, SPD and SÖS / DIE LINKE) asked for the history of persecution and discrimination in the place after 1945 to be dealt with in the future memorial. The conception from June 2012 provided for the treatment of the history of the police in the Hotel Silber from 1928 to 1984. After all, the history of the police persecution in “three systems” formed the basis of the place of remembrance.

Two police stations during the Nazi era

The persecution under National Socialism is represented by the secret police in the Hotel Silber and partly by the criminal police in the hospital courtyard. In the summer of 2018, the reason for the involvement of the Kripo was that in the persecution of Sinti and Roma and homosexuals, the criminal police had the decisive role and not the Gestapo.

Scientific Advisory Board

As part of the discussions about the Hotel Silber memorial site, the initiative called for an independent commission of experts. According to the initiative, the scientific advisory board of the House of History does not “do justice to the special tasks of the institution”. In the cooperation agreement between the House of History and the initiative, it was finally stipulated in 2015 that two specialist scientists appointed by the initiative would take part as guests on the agenda items of the scientific advisory board of the House of History Baden-Württemberg , which concern the Museum Hotel Silber .

Expert cluster

170 experts from 8 countries declared to the state parliament and the state government in the summer of 2012 that they were willing to get involved in the project.

For Micha Brumlik , Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht and Ernst Ulrich von Weizsäcker , who promoted the cluster, the change between dictatorship and democracy becomes visible in the Hotel Silber. The Hotel Silber is an example of state, social and individual processes of change from the first German democracy to the present. This place also bears witness to the fragility of civilization. A policeman who protected people in the Weimar Republic murdered by engraving during the Nazi era. After the war, he became a 'democrat', a citizen in police uniform. The character of the place therefore not only raises historical questions, but also other questions, such as moral or psychological. The cluster should address these questions in a transdisciplinary manner with its “top competence” , shape them transnationally and implement them transmedially.

The experts should u. a. present new perspectives and topics; establish new means and forms of mediation, communication and networking; initiate new ways of broad engagement; initiate new partnerships and collaborations with institutions and identify new possibilities for independent assessment.

According to Brumlik, Gumbrecht and von Weizsäcker, the project should significantly convey the values ​​of democracy and humanity and, with the help of the cluster, strive for excellence .

The initiative criticized the cluster: On the one hand, it ignored "the realities of the project" and on the other hand the initiative. There is already local expertise about the Gestapo. It is also unclear what the concrete contribution of the scientists could be. The offer should nevertheless be seriously examined for the "independent advisory group" required by the initiative.

In the summer of 2014, Brumlik, Gumbrecht and von Weizsäcker unsuccessfully requested feedback. In January 2016, JUSOS Baden-Württemberg suggested involving the cluster in the process. "As far as possible, all perspectives should be allowed to flow into these in order to create a worthy memorial."

Exhibition wing

In 2017/18, three floors of the east wing were converted into a museum. The existing floor plans from the Nazi era were largely preserved only on the first floor. There is the 300 square meter permanent exhibition. One floor up is the room for the temporary exhibitions. The main entrance in the middle of the building on Dorotheenstrasse has been moved to the corner of Holzstrasse - the former entrance to the gas facility. The entrance foyer (former restaurant), which is multifunctional, is located on the ground floor. The seminar rooms are on the same floor. The cloakroom, the sanitary facilities and the technical systems are in the basement.

Five light boxes are placed at intervals on the floor of the corridor of the permanent position “Police and Pursuit”. Over the entire length, these form a "silhouette of a policeman". This picture is composed of small photos of those who worked for the police in the Hotel Silber.

The hallway with the “silhouette of a policeman” serves as a motif for the textile banner, which is attached in the shape of a cylinder above the corner entrance up to the edge of the roof.

11 windows on the first and second floors are closed with panels on the facade. These panels are each marked with one of the central concepts of the permanent exhibition: surveillance , courage , denunciation , arrest , prejudice , resistance, exclusion , persecution, law, dignity , state security .

The museum was opened on December 3, 2018 by State Secretary at the Ministry of Science, Research and Art, Petra Olschowski .

Excluded victim story

The history portal of the project is limited to the history of the Hotel Silber police station and therefore deals exclusively with the Gestapo police officers and their victims during the National Socialist era .

In addition, parts of the permanent exhibition deal with the Nazi criminal police and their victims. The victims of the other areas of the Nazi police such as the SS , the SD , the Ordnungspolizei , as well as the Nazi military , which cooperated operationally with the police, are completely excluded .

As a result, the victims of the Württemberg key figures in the Nazi extermination policy are excluded from the permanent presence. These key figures include Hubert Lanz , Wilhelm Speidel , Kurt Eberhard , Erich Ehrlinger , Theodor Dannecker , Martin Sandberger , Gottlob Berger , Oskar Dirlewanger , Albert Widmann , Gottlieb Hering and Christian Wirth .

Site-specific remembrance project: PRO and CONTRA

2009 - 07/2018: Site-specific remembrance project

Per

The project is a site-specific remembrance project: The Gestapo was housed in the Hotel Silber, which is why the history of the Gestapo is dealt with. The other Nazi police stations were elsewhere. A permanent theming of the perpetrators there and their victims is no longer possible, as these places are used for other purposes. So is the former seat Security Service (SD) Southwest in Wilhelmspalais the municipal museum housed.

Contra

The project is limited to the secret police in the Hotel Silber. This limitation u. a. major actors in the Nazi extermination policy from Württemberg and their victims are not addressed. The mediation of an open and relentless confrontation with the Nazi past thus becomes questionable.

Secret police and a part of the criminal police: PRO and CONTRA

Since 07/2018: Secret police and part of the Kripo

Per

In the summer of 2018 it was announced that part of the history of the Nazi police had been included in the permanent exhibition. Since the fate of certain victims cannot be discussed without the depiction of the Kripo, the criminal police was “mainly responsible for the persecution of the Sinti and Roma and homosexuals”.

Contra

The participation of the criminal police in the Nazi extermination policy is partially shown. The criminal investigators, such as Christian Wirth and Gottlieb Hering , who played a leading role in Aktion T4 and Aktion Reinhardt , and their victims are not an issue for the project.

Furthermore, whole areas of the Nazi police , such as the SS , the SD , the regulatory police and the cooperation of the police with the Nazi military are excluded and thus also key persons in the extermination policy and their victims.

In addition, different standards are applied in Baden-Württemberg when it comes to dealing with Nazi history. The resistance against National Socialism is presented without any significant exclusion, as in the Kislau project on the Baden resistance . In contrast, participation in the Nazi extermination policy, as with the Museum Hotel Silber, is treated with essential omissions.

Unchanged project basis: PRO and CONTRA

Unchanged project basis

Per

The excluded areas of the Nazi police are not included in the permanent presence. Since all areas of the police were involved in the crimes of Nazi Germany, "to this extent, there is much to be said for dealing with other areas of the police in events, projects or exhibitions in the future."

Contra

The project is no longer tied to a specific location, since the police were not in the Hotel Silber, but in the hospital courtyard. The project can no longer justify why the story of the perpetrators and their victims is presented with substantial exclusions.

Alternative concepts

Nazi Documentation Center Baden and Württemberg

In the summer of 2010, the SPD demanded a Nazi documentation center on Baden and Württemberg's participation in the Nazi policy of persecution and extermination. The documentation center should be a place of remembrance, learning and research. In addition to the history of NS-Stuttgart, the history of the state organs of NS-Baden and NS-Württemberg (government, administration, police, judiciary) and their involvement in NS crimes, as well as the work of NS-incriminating officials after 1945 should be there be documented and presented in the state administration. The state rejected location-independent documentation centers about the Nazi era, as the comprehensive presentation of the Nazi era is provided by the decentralized memorials in Baden-Württemberg. After the SPD entered the state government in spring 2011 , this concept was not pursued any further.

Establishment about the dual character of the place

In October 2011, the political youth organizations of the CDU , the GREEN , the FDP and the SPD in Baden-Württemberg defined the Hotel Silber as a place of inhumanity and a place of democracy. The GRÜNE JUGEND , the JUNGE UNION , the JuLIS and the JUSOS justified this with the fact that the Württemberg police headquarters were housed there in the final phase of the first German democracy . During the Nazi era , this place was associated with the death, suffering and pain of many people inside and outside of Württemberg. Although desk perpetrators returned after the war and “victims of the Nazi regime here had to experience the continuity of persecution and were often confronted with their torturers from the Nazi era”, there was a break with the Nazi past and the democratization process began.

Implementation requirement

The four political youth organizations that are members of the round table presented their implementation request in October 2011:

  • An internationally exemplary facility on the dual character of the place - as a place of inhumanity and as a place of democracy - was to be created in the Hotel Silber.
  • An open political and social decision-making process based on the expertise of an independent scientific commission
  • The federal government should support the investments and the operation financially. In order to be able to successfully pass the demanding test procedure of the federal government, the state should prepare for it "early and intensively".
  • The fund-raising should be financing column. The prerequisite for this is that the country shows the sustainable political will for a high-quality institution.
  • The sponsor of the culture of remembrance and owner of the Hotel Silber, the Baden-Württemberg Foundation , was supposed to provide the proceeds from the sale of the neighboring building (Old Ministry of the Interior) for the establishment of the Hotel Silber.

Positions of the country

An open decision-making process on the conception based on the expertise of a scientific commission was not pursued. The country decided to present the history of police prosecution in “three systems” and thematize the dual character of the place - as a place of inhumanity and as a place of democracy - by presenting the history of the Hotel Silber. The project is an exemplary project of citizen participation for the state through the institutional and operational participation of the initiative , even without the citizens' forum announced by the state . Political and social consensus is sought at the round table . Initially, the state wanted to appoint an “advisory board with high-ranking experts”, but decided to have the project supervised by the scientific advisory board of the House of History . The announced application for project funding from the federal government (co-financing of investment costs) was not submitted. After talks with the federal government, the state did not submit an application for institutional funding (co-financing of operating costs) because the hurdle was too high. According to the country's will, fundraising should take the initiative, which was not implemented. The owner of the property, the Baden-Württemberg Foundation, is not financially involved in the project. This is financed exclusively by the state and city's own funds .

Bodies

carrier

The project is sponsored by the state of Baden-Württemberg , the city ​​of Stuttgart and the Hotel Silber initiative for learning and memorializing . In the board of directors , the project sponsors decide on issues of principle and development. This is also where the annual program is decided and the economic and financial plan is approved. The financiers, the state and the city, have a right of veto in decisions about their financial contributions to the project. The state can decide without the approval of the city and the initiative in the board of directors.

operator

The House of History Baden-Württemberg operates the memorial site as a branch. The Baden-Württemberg Ministry of Science, Research and the Arts exercises legal and technical supervision over the House of History .

Operational partner

In addition to the co-sponsors of the city and initiative, the operational partners are also the State Center for Civic Education Baden-Württemberg , the Stuttgart City Museum and the State Working Group of Memorials and Memorial Initiatives in Baden-Württemberg (LAGG).

Permanent exhibition and educational program

The initiative and the city are regularly informed about the permanent exhibition and the educational program. They can bring in their suggestions with the aim of establishing an audible solution with the House of History. The state center for political education, the state working group of memorials and memorial initiatives (LAGG) and the city museum take part in the meeting about the permanent exhibition and the educational plan.

Special exhibition and annual program

The annual program (special exhibitions, projects, events, activities) is developed in consensus between the House of History, the Initiative, the City, the State Center for Political Education and the State Working Group of Memorials and Memorial Initiatives (LAGG) in the program advisory board.

Advisory bodies

The program advisory board advises the administrative board on questions of principle and development . Another advisory body for the highest decision-making body is the round table, which can also make recommendations. At the round table, the sponsors, the operator and its operational partners, the parliamentary groups of the state parliament and the city council, the political youth organizations of the parties represented in the state parliament and socially relevant organizations are represented. The Museum Hotel Silber is scientifically advised by the scientific advisory board of the House of History . Two specialists appointed by the initiative have guest status.

Web links

Commons : Hotel Silver  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Exhibition title on the website: “Police, Gestapo and Persecution”. December 6, 2018, archived from the original on December 6, 2018 ; accessed on December 6, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Photo of the entrance area "An exhibition on police and persecution". SWR, December 6, 2018, archived from the original on December 6, 2018 ; accessed on December 6, 2018 .
  3. ↑ https://www.stuttgart.de/item/show/466797/1/3/664356? ″  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. accessed on December 5, 2018@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.stuttgart.de  
  4. ^ The Gestapo network - Württemberg and Baden - Hotel Silber, a historical place. December 31, 2017, archived from the original on December 31, 2017 ; accessed on October 23, 2018 .
  5. ^ The Gestapo network - German Empire - Hotel Silber, a historical place. July 15, 2018, archived from the original on July 15, 2018 ; accessed on October 23, 2018 .
  6. ^ The Gestapo network - Europe - Hotel Silber, a historical place. October 23, 2018, archived from the original on October 23, 2018 ; accessed on October 23, 2018 .
  7. ^ The excluded victims of the Hotel Silber project A criticism of the exclusion of key figures from Württemberg from the Nazi extermination policy, such as Christian Wirth, Gottlieb Hering, Martin Sandberger, Erich Ehrlinger, Theodor Dannecker, Hubert Lanz, Gottlob Berger, Oskar Dirlewanger etc. and theirs Victim. Topography of Terror Foundation, Memorial Office, October 23, 2018, archived from the original on October 23, 2018 ; accessed on October 23, 2018 .
  8. ^ Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg, Department State Archive Ludwigsburg - Finding aid K 110: SD offices in Württemberg and Hohenzollern - Introduction. November 14, 2018, archived from the original on November 14, 2018 ; accessed on November 14, 2018 .
  9. ↑ Kurt Kaul: Letter as head of the SS upper section south-west Gerokstrasse Stuttgart. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018 ; accessed on November 14, 2018 .
  10. ^ A b Hotel Silber before the opening in Stuttgart: "We are on the home straight" - Culture - Stuttgarter Nachrichten. November 14, 2018, archived from the original on November 14, 2018 ; accessed on November 14, 2018 .
  11. ↑ Observation and surveillance during National Socialism - The SD - Security Service of the SS | MDR.DE. January 1, 2018, archived from the original on January 1, 2018 ; accessed on November 14, 2018 .
  12. ^ The Stuttgart hospital district and the synagogue - SWV Sindelfingen. November 25, 2018, archived from the original on November 25, 2018 ; accessed on November 25, 2018 .
  13. ↑ http://www.forum-hospitalviertel.de/quartiersgeschichte.html. Retrieved November 25, 2018 .
  14. ↑ Kriminalpolizeileitstelle Stuttgart concerning “Examination of the pol. Preventive detention ”(State Archive Ludwigsburg Bü 5766). November 25, 2018, archived from the original on November 25, 2018 ; accessed on November 25, 2018 .
  15. ↑ The Gestapo network - Stuttgart - prison in Büchsenstrasse - historical place Hotel Silber. November 25, 2018, archived from the original on November 25, 2018 ; accessed on November 25, 2018 .
  16. ↑ Criminal Policy - Intoxicant Abuse - Google Books. November 25, 2018, archived from the original on November 25, 2018 ; accessed on November 25, 2018 .
  17. ^ Rough concept of the place of remembrance, Hotel Silber. (PDF) House of History Baden-Württemberg, October 16, 2018, archived from the original on October 16, 2018 ; accessed on October 16, 2018 .
  18. ↑ a b The normal murder - taz.de. December 6, 2018, archived from the original on December 6, 2018 ; accessed on December 6, 2018 .
  19. ↑ Learning and memorial site “Hotel Silber” opens - Weissenburg eV December 11, 2018, archived from the original on December 11, 2018 ; accessed on December 11, 2018 .
  20. ↑ Andreas Engelhard: Photos from the Hotel Silber - Kripo Stuttgart 2. Facebook, December 12, 2018, archived from the original on December 12, 2018 ; accessed on December 12, 2018 .
  21. ↑ Andreas Engelhard: Photos from the Hotel Silber - Kripo Stuttgart 2. Facebook, December 12, 2018, archived from the original on December 12, 2018 ; accessed on December 12, 2018 .
  22. ↑ Andreas Engelhard: Photos from the Hotel Silber - Kripo Stuttgart 3. Facebook, December 12, 2018, archived from the original on December 12, 2018 ; accessed on December 12, 2018 .
  23. ↑ Facebook Screeshot of photos from Kripo 1, 2, December 3 , 2018, archived from the original on December 12, 2018 ; accessed on December 12, 2018 .
  24. ↑ Police in "Silver" - Before 1933 - Hotel Silber historical place. January 15, 2019, archived from the original on January 15, 2019 ; accessed on January 15, 2019 .
  25. ↑ Virtual location - 1945–1984 - The police stay in the "Silver" - the historical place Hotel Silber. January 15, 2019, archived from the original on January 15, 2019 ; accessed on January 15, 2019 .
  26. ↑ Police in the Hotel Silber - 1945–1984 - police headquarters and criminal investigation department after the war - historical place Hotel Silber. January 25, 2019, archived from the original on January 25, 2019 ; accessed on January 25, 2019 .
  27. ^ Frankfurter Rundschau: Demolition in Stuttgart: Cynical disposal . In: Frankfurter Rundschau . ( fr.de [accessed October 15, 2018]).
  28. ^ History of the Dorotheen Quarter: Ten years and various rounds of slimming - Stuttgart - Stuttgarter Zeitung. October 15, 2018, archived from the original on October 15, 2018 ; accessed on October 15, 2018 .
  29. ↑ Maintain and expand the "Hotel Silber" as a Nazi documentation center. Küstler Ulrike (DIE LINKE.), DIE LINKE. in the Stuttgart City Council, May 12, 2009, archived from the original on November 25, 2018 ; accessed on November 25, 2018 .
  30. ↑ Application by Abg. Dr. Nils Schmid and others SPD and statement of the finance ministry "Da Vinci" in Stuttgart - stroke of genius with open questions. (PDF) State Parliament of Baden-Württemberg, October 16, 2018, archived from the original on October 16, 2018 ; accessed on October 16, 2018 .
  31. ↑ The Hotel Silber as a learning and memorial site initiative: July 14, 2010: Nine good reasons for a Nazi documentation center in the Hotel Silber. December 13, 2010, archived from the original on December 13, 2010 ; accessed on October 26, 2018 .
  32. ^ Thomas Borgmann: Together against the demolition of the Hotel Silber. (PDF) October 16, 2018, archived from the original on October 16, 2018 ; accessed on October 16, 2018 .
  33. ↑ Monument protection is not a matter of choice. Retrieved October 26, 2018 .
  34. ^ House of History Baden-Wuerttemberg: News Blog - Hotel Silver as a historical place. Retrieved October 16, 2018 .
  35. ^ Initiative Lern- und Gedenkort Hotel Silber eV: Who we are. October 16, 2018, archived from the original on October 16, 2018 ; accessed on October 16, 2018 .
  36. ^ Initiative of the Hotel Silber as a place of learning and memorial: Chronicle. February 13, 2011, archived from the original on February 13, 2011 ; accessed on October 26, 2018 .
  37. ^ Initiative Hotel Silber Claims 2009. (PDF) October 16, 2018, archived from the original on October 16, 2018 ; accessed on October 16, 2018 .
  38. ↑ Poor Leonardo - city center goals versus “Da Vinci” - Stuttgart ecologically and socially. December 7, 2018, archived from the original on December 7, 2018 ; accessed on December 7, 2018 .
  39. ^ Hotel Silber Memorial - April 13, 2010. April 13, 2010, archived from the original on April 13, 2010 ; accessed on October 26, 2018 .
  40. ^ Letter to the Breuninger company: Hotel Silber memorial site - current. October 26, 2018, archived from the original on October 26, 2018 ; accessed on October 26, 2018 .
  41. ^ Action at the da Vinci architecture competition on March 3, 2010. October 26, 2018, archived from the original on October 26, 2018 ; accessed on October 26, 2018 .
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  201. ↑ In the quoted original title addition, the names Gottlieb Hering and Theodor Dannecker are misspelled: Gottieb Hering, Theodor Danenecker