Hugo Huppert

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Bielitz Theaterplatz 1915

Hugo Huppert (born June 5, 1902 in Bielitz , Silesia , † March 25, 1982 in Vienna ) was an Austrian poet (of Jewish descent), prose writer , essayist , critic and translator .

Life

Huppert, who came from a family of civil servants, turned to Marxism at a young age : from 1920 he was active in the East Silesian workers' youth movement, in 1921 he moved to Vienna to study political science and joined the KPÖ there . After receiving his doctorate with Hans Kelsen as Dr. rer. pole. He studied sociology in 1925/26 at the Paris Sorbonne , where he met Henri Barbusse , Georges Duhamel and Jean Cocteau .

Back in Vienna, he was briefly imprisoned after the July Revolution in 1927 and then went to Moscow , where he worked on the Marx-Engels Complete Edition from March 1928 to September 1932 at the Marx-Engels Institute . From 1933 to 1935 he studied literature at the Moscow Institute of the Red Professorship ( Институт Красной Профессуры - IKP), where he met Maxim Gorky . At the same time he undertook extensive travels through the USSR (1928 through Central Asia , 1928/29 through Northern Russia and Karelia , 1933 to the Urals and Western Siberia , 1934 to Ukraine and the Crimea ). In Moscow he was friends with Vladimir Mayakovsky , whose most important German re-poet he became from 1936. This encounter also inspired him to write his first own poems, which he published from 1940.

From 1934, Huppert worked as the culture editor of the Deutsche Zentral-Zeitung (DZZ) published in Moscow, and from 1936 also as deputy editor-in-chief of International Literature - Deutsche Blätter , of which Johannes R. Becher was editor-in-chief . Huppert was also involved in Stalin's persecution campaign against systematic Communists of the Great Terror . Huppert was one of the persecutors and was considered an informer among his fellow writers. So he criticized z. For example, in the DZZ, Andor Gabór's cadre policy , which means a deviation from the party line. With Karl Schmückle , his predecessor in the journal Internationale Literatur, he denounced his duplicity and called him an archenemy. But he also reported directly to the NKVD . Karl Schmückle was then arrested on November 30, 1937 by the NKVD. A commission from the public prosecutor's office and the NKVD sentenced him to death on January 24, 1938. The sentence was carried out on March 14, 1938.

In 1938, Huppert himself was arrested and tortured by the NKVD in the course of the great terror . He was released again in 1939 and was considered completely rehabilitated and then worked until 1941 as a lecturer at Moscow's Maxim Gorky Institute for World Literature . Huppert then worked for the political administration of the Red Army until 1944, then in the summer of 1944 as personal secretary for Ilja Ehrenburg , then with the National Committee Free Germany (NKFD). He also taught at Antifa schools for Austrian and German prisoners of war.

From 1944 he took part as an officer in the Red Army in the liberation of Romania , Hungary , Slovakia , Lower Austria and finally (in the rank of major) Vienna . After the end of the war he stayed in Vienna and was a member of the editorial team of the Österreichische Zeitung from 1945 to 1949 . In 1949, due to his relationship with the Serbian Maria Muncker (known in some sources as Maria Mumper), he was ordered back to the Soviet Union and exiled to Tbilisi , although he was allowed to go on study trips to Latvia , Estonia and Lithuania . After the XX. At the CPSU party congress and the beginning of de-Stalinization , he returned to Vienna on April 4, 1956, where he lived until his death in 1982.

In 1957 he was expelled from the Austrian PEN center , to which he had been a member since 1946, due to his positive attitude towards the invasion of the Soviet Union in Hungary after the Hungarian popular uprising , and then joined the PEN Club of the GDR . From the end of the 1950s he turned back to his Mayakovsky adaptations. In 1963 he stayed again for a longer period in the Soviet Union. In 1969 the Austrian Federal President awarded him the honorary title of professor for his literary services .

Awards and honors

Works (selection)

Poetry

  • 1940: Vaterland (with a foreword by Erich Weinert )
  • 1941: Seasons (extended 1951)
  • 1945: The Savior of Dachau
  • 1954: Georgian walking stick
  • 1962: Up, down the country. Poems from 30 years
  • 1968: logarithm of joy
  • 1970: Andre Bewandtnis
  • 1974: square in the rearview mirror. Poems from 40 years
  • 1981: Vienna locally. Poems and lyric texts
  • 1981: Evidence or full moon to order

Prose and essays

  • 1934: Siberian team
  • 1938: flags and wings
  • 1949: To tap into tomorrow. Studies by an Austrian in the Soviet country
  • 1961: Very healthy country. An Austrian greets the GDR
  • 1963: Coins in the fountain. Experienced Italy (expanded 1965)
  • 1973: senses and costumes. Notes on poetology
  • 1976: The ajar door. Report from a youth
  • 1976: impatience of the century. Memories of Mayakovsky . Henschel-Verlag, Berlin 1976
  • 1977: Wall clock in the foreground. Stations of a life
  • 1979: Chess the doppelganger. Approaches to the ripening period
  • 1982: Letters from Vienna

Re-seals

literature

  • Reinhard Müller : "The big cleaning up". The “purge” of the Marx-Engels Institute in Hugo Huppert's Moscow diary. In addition: documentation. Hugo Huppert. From the diary entries 1930/31 . In: Contributions to Marx-Engels research. New episode. Special Volume 3. Stalinism and the End of the First Marx-Engels Complete Edition (1931-1941) . Argument, Hamburg 2001, ISBN 3-88619-684-4 , pp. 347-370.
  • Reinhard Müller: The Purge - Moscow 1936 - shorthand of a closed party meeting. Reinbek 1991, ISBN 3499130122 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Reinhard Müller: Human trap Moscow: Exile and Stalinist persecution . Hamburg 2001, ISBN 3-930908-71-9 , p. 314
  2. ↑ Reinhard Müller: "The Great Cleaning". The “purge” of the Marx-Engels Institute in Hugo Huppert's Moscow diary. In addition: documentation. Hugo Huppert. From the diary entries 1930/31 . In: Contributions to Marx-Engels research. New episode. Special Volume 3. Stalinism and the End of the First Marx-Engels Complete Edition (1931-1941) . Argument, Hamburg 2001, ISBN 3-88619-684-4 , p. 353.
  3. ^ Hermann Weber & Ulrich Mählert : Terror. Stalinist party purges 1936-1953. Schöningh, Paderborn 1998, ISBN 3-506-75335-5 , p. 130
personal data
SURNAME Huppert, Hugo
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian poet, prose writer, essayist, critic and translator
DATE OF BIRTH June 5, 1902
PLACE OF BIRTH Bielitz, Silesia
DATE OF DEATH March 25, 1982
Place of death Vienna