Ilyushin Il-22
| Ilyushin Il-22 | |
|---|---|
|
|
| Type: | Heavy bomber |
| Design country: | |
| Manufacturer: | |
| First flight: |
July 24, 1947 |
| Commissioning: |
- |
| Number of pieces: |
1 |
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The Iljuschin Il-22 ( Russian Ильюшин Ил-22 , NATO code name " Type 10 ") was one of the first Soviet bomb aircraft with jet propulsion .
development
Only a test copy was made of this machine. The basis was the project of the never realized German bomber Heinkel He 343 . During the conquest of Vienna at the end of the Second World War , the Red Army captured technical documentation from the Heinkel works in Vienna-Schwechat. On the basis of these German considerations, which were processed in several variants, the OKB designed by Sergei Ilyushin from 1946 onwards the Il-22, which was very close to the German design principles, as a parallel design to the Tu-12 . For the development of the associated TR-1 jet engines drew Archip Ljulka responsible.
The model was completed in late spring 1947, on July 24th (27th?) It flew for the first time. The testing was in the hands of the brothers Konstantin and Vladimir Kokkinaki .
The Il-22 had pressurized cabins as well as a manned armament in the rear and rear of the fuselage. It was designed as a shoulder -wing aircraft in all-metal half-shell construction with a circular fuselage cross-section. The wing was double-spar , the tail unit cantilevered and of normal construction. The landing gear could be retracted into the fuselage.
As early as August 3, 1947, the type was presented to the public during an air parade in Tushino to demonstrate the efficiency of the Soviet aviation industry. The somewhat underpowered Il-22 was still not built and the test program was discontinued on September 22, 1947. The knowledge gained, in particular the structure of the wing, was incorporated into the design of the Il-28 . However, tests were still carried out with attached solid fuel rockets to shorten the take-off distance. A follow-up draft was created under the name Il-24 , in which two engines were combined in nacelles on pylons. The project was not implemented.
Technical specifications
| Parameter | Data |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | OKB Ilyushin |
| Year of construction (s) | 1947 |
| crew | 5 |
| length | 21.05 m |
| span | 23.06 m |
| Wing area | 74.50 m² |
| Empty mass | 14,950 kg |
| Takeoff mass | normal 20,000 kg maximum 24,000 kg |
| drive | four Lyulka TR-1 |
| power | 1,300 kp each |
| Top speed | 656.5 km / h near the ground 718 km / h at an altitude of 7,000 m |
| Rate of climb | 582 m / min |
| Service ceiling | 11,000 m |
| Range | 865 km |
| Flight duration | 1.4 h |
| Armament | four 23 mm MK NS-23 2,000-3,000 kg bombs |
Other patterns
The designation IL-22 or IL-22M was later given again by OKB Ilyushin to a military ELINT version of the IL-18 . Furthermore, an IL-18 variant converted to a flying command post received the abbreviation IL-24. They have no relation whatsoever to the bomb plane described here.
literature
- P. T. Astashenko: Ilyushin and his planes . Transpress, Berlin 1976.
- Horst Lommel: From altitude reconnaissance to space glider 1935–1945, DFS secret projects . Motorbuch, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-613-02072-6 .
- Karl-Heinz Eyermann : Jet-powered Soviet experimental aircraft . In: Wolfgang Sellenthin (Ed.): Deutscher Fliegerkalender 1968 . German Military Publishing House, Berlin 1967, p. 184/185 .
Web links
- Ilyushin IL-22 from 1947. Retrieved October 22, 2016 .
- Ильюшин Ил-22. Retrieved October 22, 2016 (Russian).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Horst Lommel: From altitude reconnaissance to space glider 1935-1945, DFS secret projects , Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-613-02072-6 . P. 8ff.
- ^ Ulrich Albrecht : The Soviet armaments industry , Routledge, 1993, ISBN 3-7186-5313-3 . P. 51. (in English)
- ↑ Konstantin Kosminkow: The Beginning of the Soviet Jet Age in Flieger Revue Extra No. 17, 2007, pp. 46–47