Jacob Horst

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Jacob Horst

Jacob Horst (also: Jakobus Horstius ; * May 1, 1537 in Torgau ; † May 21, 1600 in Helmstedt ) was a German medic.

Life

Jacob was born as the fourth son of the wealthy Torgau cloth maker, treasurer and councilor Gregor Horst († 1547 in Torgau) and his wife Gertrud Frenzel (* around 1503; † September 24, 1573 in Torgau), the daughter of the councilor Peter Frenzel in Prettin . From 1546 Horst attended the local Latin school in Torgau, which was under the direction of the rectors Marcus Crodel and Johannes Moser. Here he laid the foundations of his education, especially in the Latin and Greek languages. On July 23, 1552 he enrolled at the University of Wittenberg , where he first completed philosophical studies. The following year he became a private tutor in Seerhausen . There he taught the three noble gentlemen Gregor, Johannes and Dietrich von Schleinitz and stayed there for two years. In July 1556 he was a magister at the University of Frankfurt / Oder , where he entered the register of the university as a Magister in the winter semester of 1556/57. In addition to his medical studies, he made his living by giving private lectures on the Greek language and philosophy.

On October 15, 1562 he received his doctorate in medicine. As a result, Horst took up his first doctor's position in 1563 as an internship in the Silesian (part of the Habsburg Empire!) Schweidnitz , from where he moved to Sagan as a city physician in the following year . In 1568 he returned to Schweidnitz, where he stayed until 1576. In that year he accepted a position as a doctor in Iglau , from where he followed the call of the Lower Austrian provincial estates in 1580 as Ordinarius Medicus to Krems . Here he also worked as the archducal Austrian personal physician. He had made a name for himself in the medical scholarly world through his medical work and publications.

As early as 1581, therefore, thought was being given in Helmstedt to recruiting him as a teacher. However, this venture failed because of the associated costs. When Horst also crossed Helmstedt on a trip from Lübeck in 1583, he received a contract of employment on July 20 that year. On August 9, 1584, with his inaugural lecture, he became second professor in the medical faculty at the University of Helmstedt . In 1588 and 1594 he worked as prorector of the alma mater and was active as dean of the medical faculty in 1587/88 and 1588/89. In addition, however, he also worked as a doctor in the surrounding cities if required. Horst maintained extensive scientific contact with various personalities of his time.

He wrote several books on medicine, according to the time about Hippocrates and Galen . But he also observed his environment. This is how writings emerged, such as about the effect of the Sauerbrunnen in Schwalbach or night walking. Because he was a superstitious man, he wrote about it De aureo dente ... about a golden tooth with which a child was born and what that meant. This work also appeared in a German translation. Among other things, he can highlight the book of Levinus Lemnius Occulta naturae miracula in terms of translations . This multi-part work saw several editions. It was primarily intended for the guilds of surgeons, bathers, etc., who did not understand the Latin language of scholars.

family

Horst was married twice. His first marriage was on October 15, 1562 in Frankfurt / Oder with Sybilla Grube (* 1543 in Breslau ?; † April 1586 in Helmstedt), the daughter of the imperial councilor Dr. jur. Adolf Gruben de Benthen (* Bentheim; † 1558 in Breslau). There are children from the marriage. We know of these:

  1. Sybilla Horst (born September 14, 1564 in Sagan; † December 23, 1565 ibid)
  2. Christoph Horst (born November 6, 1565 Sagan;) canon and chamberlain in Magdeburg married. January 1591 with Magdalena, daughter of the consul in Magdeburg Thomas Sultzer
  3. Ludmilla Horst (born January 5, 1568 in Sorau;) married. December 1, 1589 with Prof. Dr. med. in Helmstedt Johann Werner (* Hanover; later Halberstadt)
  4. Heinrich Adolph Horst (born May 25, 1569 in Schweidnitz, † June 11, 1632 in Torgau)
  5. Jacob Horst (born June 14, 1570 in Schweidnitz; † September 20, 1570 ibid)
  6. Jakob Horst (born August 13, 1574 in Schweidnitz, † February 11, 1598 in Vienna)
  7. Sybilla Horst (born September 12, 1575 in Schweidnitz)
  8. Anna Horst (born September 26, 1577 in Iglau; † 15 weeks old there)
  9. Anna Maria Horst (* 1584 in Austria) married. with Martin Hertz in Mutzschen

His second marriage was on September 17, 1587 with Regina Zoch († November 4, 1609 in Helmstedt), the daughter of the Salzgrafen in Halle Dr. jur. Moritz Zoch (1543–1578). There are also children from the marriage. We know of these:

  1. Julius Horst (born October 14, 1588 in Helmstedt; † October 28, 1589 ibid)
  2. Hedwig Julia Horst (born December 29, 1589 in Helmstedt)
  3. Ludmilla Horst (born November 29, 1590 in Helmstedt)
  4. Sophia Horst (born February 4, 1592 in Helmstedt)
  5. Gregor Gunther Horst (born October 24, 1593 in Helmstedt)

Works (selection)

  • Occulta Naturae Miracula. Not only useful but also lovely to read of the wonderful secrets of nature and the same fruitful contemplation. Leipzig, 1569, Vol. 2 ( online ); Steinmann, Leipzig, 1572 ( online ); Steinmann, Leipzig, 1575 ( online ) Ibid. Vol. 2 ( online ); Steinmann, Leipzig, 1579 ( online ); Leipzig. 1588 ( online ); Leipzig Steinmann, 1589 ( online ); Vögelin, Leipzig, 1592, ( online ); Vögelin, Leipzig & Heidelberg 1600 ( online ); Leipzig 1605 ( online ); Guth, Frankfurt & Hamburg, 1672;
  • A warning to the sick, of their own harm and fore nut nuts. Therein the Artzneyen origin, beginning, toemen, and tegenwertiger appropriate, together with many wonderful secrets of nature, is recently and clearly taught. Ambrosio Fritsch, Görlitz, 1574 ( online )
  • Theses Medicae. De Memoria bona Conservanda. Resp.Melchior Cruschius (* Jauer). Jacob Lucius, Helmstedt, 1585 ( online )
  • Precationes Medicorum Piae.
  • Ad varios usus tum studiorum tum etiam operum artis. Quarum multae aliarum quoq; artium studiosis usui esse possunt. Aut ex. sacrorum Bibliorum et sanctorum Patrum precationibus selectae, aut aliàs compositae. Jacob Lucius, Helmstedt 1585 ( online )
  • Opvscvlvm de vite vinifera eivsqve partibvs. In quo tum vinorum tum aceti tum etiam passularum differentia, usus, substantia, complexio, vires, & medicamenta complura eaq; optima quam brevissime traduntur. Jacob Lucius, Helmstedt, 1587 ( online )
  • Theses Medicae De Memoria Deperdita curanda. Resp .: Leonhard Aemylius Sigen (med. Stolberg). Jacob Lucius, Helmstedt, 1587 ( online )
  • Disputationum Medicinalium Catholicarum II. De Temperamentis, vulgo Complexionibus dictis. Resp. Mag. Johann Possel jun. (Rostock). Jacob Lucius, Helmstedt, 1588 ( online )
  • Disputationum Medicinalium Catholicarum VII. De Sanitate Eiusque Differentiis causis & Accidentibus. Resp .: Daniel Rindfleisch (Breslau). Jacob Lucius, Helmstedt, 1589 ( online )
  • Disputationum Medicinalium Catholicarum X. De Morbis Eorumque Differentiis Atque Speciebus. Resp .: Mag. Cornelius Bokel (Oldenburg). Jacob Lucius, Helmstedt, 1590 ( online )
  • Disputationum Medicinalium Catholicarum XI. De Causis Morborum Praecipue Internis. Resp .: Joachim Reuchlin (Ruppin). Jacob Lucius, Helmstedt, 1590 ( online )
  • Disputationum Medicinalium Catholicarum XII. De modo generationis morborum in intemperie ex causis eorum praecipue internis. Resp .: Heinrich Berck (Osnabrück). Jacob Lucius, Helmstedt 1590 ( online )
  • Disputationum Medicinalium Catholicarum XIII. De modo Generationis morborum in Compositione et Solutione continui ex causis eorum. Resp. Johannes Telamonius (Sachsenberg). Jacob Lucius, Helmstedt, 1590, ( online )
  • Disputationum Medicinalium Catholicarum XIV. De Symptomatibus Morborum, et Eorum Differentiis atque speciebus. Resp .: Johann Calen (Nordhausen). Jacob Lucius, Helmstedt, 1590 ( online )
  • Theses De Apoplexia. Resp .: Mag. Samuel Froberg, Johannes Michel (* Torgau), Mag. Johannes Sigfridus. Jacob Lucius, Helmstedt, 1592 ( online )
  • De natura differentiis et causis eorum, qui dormientes outpatient, vigilantium opera, eaq; difficilima persiciunt, & aliquando culmina tabulataq; aedium perreptant: cum certa Ratione, tum…, hoc est, praeseruandi cos, ne ad hosce mores redeant: tum ...., hoc est, curandi atq; tractandi in ipso paroxysmo. Valentin Vogel, Leipzig, 1593 ( online )
  • Ordo Studiorum et Lectionum, in Academia Julia, quae est Helmstadii, renovatus et publice propositus initio semestris hiemalis Anno 1594. à die festo Michaëlis. Jakob Lucius, Helmstedt, 1594 ( online )
  • De Aureo Dente Maxillari Pueri Silesii, Primvm, utrum eius generatio naturalis fuerit nec ne; Deinde an digna eius interpretatio dari queat. Et De Noctambulonum Natura, Differentiis et Causis, eorumque tam praeseruatiua quam etiam curantiua, denuo auctus liber. Valentin Vogel, Leipzig, 1595 ( online ); ibid 1596 ( online );
  • Theses de Paralysi. De quibus deo Trino et uno Auspice. Resp .: Heinrich Hess, Jeremias Cornarius (Hammelburg), Mag.Tobias Dornkrell (* 1571 in Iglau; 1605), Joseph Lautenbach (* 1569 in Rhinau; † August 17, 1614 in Gießen), Tobias Coberus (* ± 1570 in Görlitz ; † 1625 in Sopron (dt. Ödenburg)). Jacob Lucius, Helmstedt, 1595 ( online )
  • From the night hikers. Leipzig, 1596 ( online )
  • De Natura Occultorum Et Prodigiosorum Dissertatio. Resp .: Johann Ingolstett (Nuremberg). Abraham Lamberg, Leipzig, 1597 ( online )
  • Disputationes Medicinales Catholicarum XVI. De Crisibus Morborum et Criticis Diebus, Mensibus et Annis ex eis. Resp .: Michael Neostephano (Rostock). Jacob Lucius, Helmstedt, 1597 ( online )
  • Advice in Pestilentz times, How to prevent them and, in an emergency, to curry, to help all repentant Christians. Conrad Horn, Heinrichstadt, 1597 ( online )
  • Rath, In Pestilentzischer Dysenteria of this 99th year, which is called cheaply in German, the fragile and dangerous red dysentery or woe as one should anticipate and, in an emergency, cure to the emergency of many afflicted and penitent Christians. Jakob Lucius, Helmstedt, 1599 ( online )
  • Disputationum Medicarum Viginti: continentes universae medicinae delineationem locis Hippocraticis & Galenicis ut plurimum illustratam. Clemens Berger, Wittenberg, 1609 (published by his nephew Gregor Horstius; ( online ))
  • Herbarium Horstianum, Seu De Selectis Plantis Et Radicibus: libri duo. Marburg, 1630 (published by his nephew Gregor Horstius ; ( online ))

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jacobs great-grandfather Gregor Horst was the valet of the Saxon Elector Friedrich II. His grandfather Mattheus Horst worked as forester under Johann von Sachsen. Some siblings come from the marriage of his parents. Of these we know the
    1st Sun. Johannes Horst (* 1529; † 1539),
    2nd Sun. Gregor Horst (* 1532; † May 10, 1592 in Torgau); 1564 Councilor Torgau, 1573, 1576, 1579, 1582, 1586, 1588 Mayor of Torgau married 1558 with Catherine Leicher († October 1, 1592 in Torgau), widow of the fish and pond master Peter Moser, sister of Georg Leicher († 1571), To. Maria († 1584 Suptitz (Pest)), To. Dorothea married 1591 with the painter and architect in Torgau Heinrich Lichtenfelser,
    3rd Sun. Georg Horst (* 1534 in Torgau; † May 7, 1584 in Torgau (Pest)) was councilor and master builder
    ,: married. I. September 3, 1559 with Anna von Hohenmule, Sun. Michael Horst (* 1561) citizen Torgau;
    : m. II April 24, 1570 with Margarethe Summer, the widow of Stephan Oswald and sister of the physicist Balthasar Summer († 1602 in Torgau);
    : m. III. February 27, 1578 with Anne Bornitius, daughter of the treasurer Jacob Bornitius, Sun. Gregor Horstius (1578–1636);
    5. So. Michael Horst (* 1539; † 1584 in Torgau (Pest); went to the military, fought against the Turks, was on Rhodes and Malta; married 1567 with NN Lautsch, Sun. Valentin Horst)
    1. To. Agatha Horst († November 1584 (Pest)), married. I. Vice-Rector Torgau Sigismundo Flidnero (* Hildburghausen; † 1559 in Torgau), married. II Bonaventura Gunther (from the marriage the twins Ambrosius Günther (* 1562) and Greorg Günther (* 1562) 1590 Dr. med. Uni. Prague, Med. In Bohemia);
    2. To. Dorothea Horst (* 1526; † July 23, 1595 in Torgau) married. 1543 with the theologian Gabriel Zwilling
    3. To. Margaretha Horst († April 21, 1570 in Torgau) married. April 21, 1554 with the deacon in Torgau Hieronymus Nymann (also: Niemann; born January 18, 1526 in Torgau, † November 19, 1592 in Torgau); Children Magaretha Niemann (born May 14, 1562 in Torgau) married. 1583 with the later deacon in Helmstedt & pastor in Beetzendorf Mag. Jacob Gilbert; Hieronymus Nymmann (born July 7, 1557 in Torgau) Professor Uni. Wittenberg and Gregor Niemann (born October 15, 1560 in Torgau, † 1595 in Klöden) July 8, 1584 Mag. Phil. University. Wittenberg, May 1, 1589 Probst and. Sup. Klöden, m. November 4, 1589 in Wittenberg with Christine Schindler, To. of Prof. Mag. in Wittenberg & Helmstedt Valentin Schindler , To. Dorothea Nymmann married with the pastor in Hayna Martin Zipser, Agnesa Nymmann married. 1602 with Conrad Beyer in Halle (Saale)
  2. ↑ Irene Ewinkel: De monstris - interpretation and function of miraculous births ... Tübingen 1995, p. 170 .
  3. ↑ School Iglau, Dzaschlau, Krems, Uni. Prague, July 24th 1583 Uni. Helmstedt, 1591 Stud. Med., 1595 Uni. Padua, August 8, 1598 Dr. med. Helmstedt, 1599 city doctor in Torgau, married. September 16, 1600 in Torgau with Elisabeth Unruh (* September 1576 in Torgau; † September 18, 1632 ibid.), The daughter of the Torgau mayor Anton Unruh (* August 13, 1546 in Torgau; † April 10, 1620 in Torgau) and his wife Magaretha Sachse (* February 9, 1549 † April 4, 1618), cf. Fritz Roth : Complete evaluations of funeral sermons and personal documents for genealogical and cultural-historical purposes. Boppard / Rhein, 1970, vol. 6, p. 25, R 5033 & catalog of the Princely Stolberg-Stolberg collection of funeral sermons, vol. IV, Leipzig 1932
  4. ↑ cf. In obitum Iacobi Horstii Iunioris Filii Iacobi Horstii D. et Professoris medicinae in Academia Iulia… qui incidit in annum 98. et diem February 11, Viennae carmina tum Amicorum, tum aliorum… Virorum. Jacob Lucius, Helmstedt, 1599 ( online )
personal data
SURNAME Horst, Jacob
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jacob; Horst, Jacobus; Horst; Horstius, Jacob; Horst the elder
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German medic
DATE OF BIRTH May 1, 1537
PLACE OF BIRTH Torgau
DATE OF DEATH May 21, 1600
Place of death Helmstedt