Jamaat-e-Islami Hind
Jamaat-e-Islami Hind ( JIH , Urdu جماعتِ اسلامی ہند, Hindi जमात-ए-इस्लामी हिन्द , "Islamic Community of India") is an Islamic social organization in India . In contrast to its sister organizations in Pakistan and Bangladesh , Jamaat-e-Islami Hind has officially accepted democracy and secularism as de facto basic principles of the social order and does not openly reject them.
history
Jamaat-e-Islami Hind was founded in April 1948 after the partition of India as the Indian branch of the Islamist organization Jamaat-e-Islami (JI), which was founded in 1941 in what was then British India by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi . At the founding meeting in Allahabad , Maulana Abullais Nadwi was elected the first Ameer or Amir ( Emir ). The supporters of Jamaat-Islami in the former princely state of Kashmir did not join either the Indian or the Pakistani branch of JI, but founded their own organization, Jammu & Kashmir Jamaat-e-Islami .
Jamaat-e-Islami Hind concentrated in India (in contrast to neighboring Pakistan and later Bangladesh) on educational and cultural activities. JIH initially called on its supporters not to vote in elections because they rejected India's democratic form of government. Muslims, according to JIH, should not live under laws made by people (i.e. an elected government), but instead obey the laws of Allah . Western education was rejected and the JIH even banned its supporters from attending Islamic-run educational institutions such as the Aligarh Muslim University until the late 1950s .
Jamaat-e-Islami Hind was banned as an organization in India twice. The first ban came by the government of Indira Gandhi during the time of the state of emergency 1975-1977 , when all organizations that were considered religious extremist were banned (including the corresponding Hindu organizations, such as the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh ). The second ban came on December 10, 1992 under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 by the government of Prime Minister PV Narasimha Rao after the destruction of the Ayodhya mosque in 1992 and the escalating violence between Hindus and Muslims afterwards. Remarkably, this ban was not justified with religious extremism, but with the accusation that JIH officials in public speeches advocated the secession of Jammu and Kashmir and thus endangered the unity of India. This ban was lifted in 1994 by a judgment of the Supreme Court .
From the 1970s onwards, JIH's negative attitude towards the secular Indian social order began to loosen. The organization allowed its members to take part in elections and accepted the democratic order at least as a modus vivendi . In 1981, she also severed ties with the radicalized student organization Students Islamic Movement of India (SIMI) founded in 1977.
Today's organization
The head office is located in New Delhi .
| No. | Zone |
|---|---|
| 1 | Assam -North |
| 2 | Assam South |
| 3 | Andhra Pradesh |
| 4th | Bihar |
| 5 | Chhattisgarh |
| 6th | Delhi |
| 7th | Goa |
| 8th | Gujarat |
| 9 | Jharkhand |
| 10 | Karnataka |
| 11 | Kerala |
| 12 | Maharashtra |
| 13 | Madhya Pradesh |
| 14th | Punjab |
| 15th | Rajasthan |
| 16 | Tamil Nadu |
| 17th | Telangana |
| 18th | Uttar Pradesh (East) |
| 19th | Uttar Pradesh (West) |
| 20th | West Bengal |
Today, JIH claims to have 20 sub-organizations ( zones , units ) in the Indian states and Union territories . The organization is a small cadre organization and, according to its own account, has only about 6000 members in all of India, which is due to the fact that JIH has very strict requirements for membership. There are also 29,000 Karkuns (workers / associates) and 308,000 Muttafiqs (sympathizers). JIH has its own women's and girls' organization, an Islamic student association Students Islamic Organization (SIO), and the Idara-e-Adab-e-Islami , a conference on literature. JIH operates mosques, madrasas , schools, colleges , orphanages and Muslim charities.
Organizationally, the President ( Amir-e-Jamaat ) is at the head . Since April 2007 this has been Maulana Syed Jalaluddin Umri. This is elected by a Council of Representatives . The Amir is supported in its tasks by a Central Advisory Committee made up of 18 members who are also elected by the Council of Representatives. The regional organizations are headed by Zonal Amirs / Presidents , who are appointed by the Amir-e-Jamaat with the assistance of the central advisory board and local advisors. The other sub-organizations are headed by local emirs, who are also appointed in the same way by the Amir-e-Jamaat.
In the parliamentary elections in India in 2014 , Jamaat-e-Islami Hind did not support an Islamic party, but the "anti-corruption party" Aam Aadmi Party .
program
JIH sees itself primarily as an educational organization. The first goal of JIH is to present the teaching of Islam “cleansed of all false additions”. Today's Muslims would have almost reversed the original order of the source of truth and inspiration Koran - Sunna - opinions of scholars. This has to be changed and the first sources of supply have to be again the Koran and Sunna. The aim of JIH is to train an Islamic elite, with great emphasis on character building. This elite should be an intellectual, social and cultural, and ultimately also a political elite. JIH does not want to be a political party, but rather political changes should be achieved through education. A second focus is educational activities among the general public. This should be brought up in the Islamic spirit. Social injustices should be eliminated and those in need (widows, orphans, poor, disabled) supported.
JIH advocates good relationships between Muslims and non-Muslims. Forced conversions to Islam are rejected. The penetration of “decadent western culture” and the associated “negative tendencies” such as indifference to religion should be combated. Western influences on the education system are rejected. "Imperialist actions" against independent states are condemned. In practice, the latter statement was expressed as the JIH agitated against the US-led invasion of Iraq in 2003 and intervention in Afghanistan from 2001 . The dismissal of the Egyptian government, led by the Muslim Brotherhood , in a military coup in 2013 was also condemned by JIH.
On September 15, 2015, JIH started a public campaign against the activities of the so-called “ Islamic State ” (ISIS). The excesses of the Islamic State have nothing to do with Islam and it should not be forgotten that the majority of those killed by ISIS are Muslims. During a visit to a Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan conference in Lahore in January 2015, JIH President Maulana Umari clearly criticized the situation in Pakistan. Political instability is Pakistan's biggest problem. Pakistan is characterized by a lack of development and real democracy and is constantly making negative headlines due to repeated attacks and bombings. Umari also strongly warned Pakistan against attempting a military solution to the Kashmir conflict .
criticism
Today's JIH's commitment to democracy and the secular state order is not taken seriously by all observers. Critics objected that for tactical reasons and due to the pressure of the environment, JIH had adjusted its choice of words and its public appearance, but in reality or in its core still pursued the old Islamist goals of a theocratic undemocratic social order. Jamaat-e-Islami Hind is still in the tradition of a backward worldview. In the Koran schools there is a teaching canon that is centuries old. The pupils are almost completely denied access to modern literature. The learning there takes place largely as a pure memorization of traditional teaching content and critical questions are not welcome.
Web links
- Jamaat-e-Islami Hind , website (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b HISTORY AND BACKGROUND. Jamaat-e-Islami Hind, accessed March 23, 2016 .
- ^ Danish Khan: The different trajectories of Jamaat-e-Islami in India and Pakistan; Ideological 'compromises' shaping the politics and 'violence' of their student bodies. (PDF) October 28, 2013, accessed on March 24, 2016 (English, work presented at the Muslim South Asia Research Conference at the South Asia Research Institute of the University of London ).
- ^ Sanjoy Hazarika: India issues a ban on 5 rival groups. The New York Times, December 11, 1992, accessed March 24, 2016 .
- ↑ JS Verma: Jamaat-E-Islami Hind vs Union Of India. Supreme Court of India, December 7, 1994, accessed March 24, 2016 .
- ^ A confusing Islamic Society. The Times of India, July 15, 2007, accessed March 25, 2016 .
- ↑ State Leadership / Headquarters: ADDRESS OF ZONAL OFFICES. Jamaat-e-Islami Hind, accessed March 25, 2016 .
- ↑ Central Leadership. Jamaat-e-Islami Hind, accessed March 25, 2016 .
- ↑ Jamaat-e-Islami Hind to Back AAP in Elections. The New Indian Express, February 1, 2014, accessed March 24, 2016 .
- ↑ Overview of the Program. Jamaat-e-Islami Hind, accessed March 25, 2016 .
- ^ Policy and Programs. Jamaat-e-Islami Hind, accessed March 25, 2016 .
- ↑ Syed Amin Jafri: Hyderabad: Left intensifies anti-Bush visit campaign. rediff.com, accessed March 25, 2016 .
- ↑ Muslim organizations flay execution of Saddam Hussein. The Hindu, December 31, 2006, accessed March 25, 2016 .
- ↑ Jamaat-e-Islami Hind expresses displeasure over Sisi's India visit. Jamaat-e-Islami Hind, October 26, 2015, accessed March 25, 2016 .
- ^ MP Prashanth: Jamaat-e-Islami to launch campaign against ISIS. The Times of India, September 15, 2015, accessed March 24, 2016 .
- ↑ Jamaat-e-Islami Hind to Launch 'Anti-Extremism Campaign' from Sunday. (No longer available online.) Sakshipost.com, February 21, 2016, formerly in the original ; accessed on March 24, 2016 (English). ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Syed Rahman Ubaidur: From the Urdu Press: Jamaat president asks Pakistan to forget Kashmir. sifinews, February 2, 2015, accessed on March 24, 2016 .
- ↑ Javed Anand: India: Reluctant Democrats - Jamaat e Islami Hind (JIH). South Asia Citizens Web, August 2, 2012, accessed March 24, 2016 .
- ↑ Farzand Ahmed: Jamaat-E-Islami Hind: The Islamic fringe. indiatoday.in, January 30, 2014, accessed March 24, 2016 .
