Jan Heemskerk
Jan Heemskerk Azn. (* July 30, 1818 in Amsterdam , † October 9, 1897 in The Hague ) was a liberal , later conservative Dutch statesman. 1874–1877 and 1883–1888 he was chairman of the Council of Ministers.
Life
After a high school education at the Atheneum Illustre in Amsterdam, he studied law and literature at the University of Utrecht and completed both subjects with a doctorate in 1839. He then became a lawyer in Amsterdam.
Heemskerk began his political career as a liberal, but was then the leader of the moderate conservative party in the Second Chamber of the States General and was Minister of the Interior from 1866 to 1868, but had to resign because of the policies followed by the Van Zuylen van Nijevelt cabinet during the Luxembourg crisis . He then became a member of the Supreme Court. In 1874 he became Minister of the Interior and at the same time chairman of the Council of Ministers until he received the requested dismissal in 1877. He developed significant administrative skills during his first ministry, and he always met his opponents with quick-witted dialectics. During his second ministry he passed the Law on Higher Education. 1883–1888 he was again interior minister and head of cabinet. Even after the Liberals' election victory in 1886, Heemskerk remained at the head of the government and began a radical constitutional reform. After his resignation in 1888, he refused to be raised to the nobility.
In 1885 he was awarded the honorary title of Minister of State .
His political style is described as pragmatic, and his lifestyle has become more and more conservative over time. He paired calm prudence with mild humor.
In literary terms he made a name for himself through some biographies of outstanding Dutch scholars and statesmen as well as through various legal treatises, of which especially those relating to the constitutional document testify to the deep study and the extraordinary sharpness of the judgment.
See also
Web links
- Mr.Dr. J. Heemskerk Azn. , Parlement & Politiek
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Gerrit de Vries |
Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Netherlands 1874 - 1877 |
Joannes Kappeyne van de Coppello |
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Constantijn Theodoor van Lynden van Sandenburg |
Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Netherlands 1883 - 1888 |
Æneas Mackay d. J. |
since the ministerial responsibility was enforced in 1848: Gerrit Schimmelpenninck | Dirk Donker Curtius | Jacob de Kempenaer | Johan Rudolf Thorbecke | Floris Adriaan van Hall | Justinus van der Brugghen | Jan Jacob Rochussen | Floris Adriaan van Hall | Jacob van Zuylen van Nijevelt | Schelto van Heemstra | Johan Rudolf Thorbecke
since the implementation of parliamentary rule in 1866: Isaäc Dignus Fransen van de Putte | Julius van Zuylen van Nijevelt | Pieter Philip van Bosse | Johan Rudolf Thorbecke | Gerrit de Vries | Jan Heemskerk | Joannes Kappeyne van de Coppello | Constantijn Theodoor van Lynden van Sandenburg | Jan Heemskerk | Æneas Mackay | Gijsbert van Tienhoven | Joan Röell | Nicolaas Pierson | Abraham Kuyper | Theo de Meester | Theo Heemskerk | Pieter Cort van der Linden
since the introduction of universal suffrage in 1918/1922: Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck | Hendrik Colijn | Dirk Jan de Geer | Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck | Hendrik Colijn | Dirk Jan de Geer | Pieter Sjoerds Gerbrandy
since the end of the war in 1945: Wim Schermerhorn | Louis Beel | Willem Drees | Louis Beel | Jan de Quay | Victor Marijnen | Jo Cals | Jelle Zijlstra | Piet de Jong | Barend Biesheuvel | Joop den Uyl | Dries van Agt | Ruud Lubbers | Wim Kok | Jan Peter Balkenende | Mark Rutte
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Heemskerk, Jan |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Heemskerk, Jan Azn. |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Dutch lawyer, judge and politician (Prime Minister) |
| DATE OF BIRTH | July 30, 1818 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Amsterdam |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 9, 1897 |
| Place of death | The hague |