Ekaterina Fyodorovna boy

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Ekaterina boy , photo

Ekaterina Feodorovna Boy ( Russian Екатерина Фёдоровна Юнге even Ekaterina Young transcribed; * 24. November 1843 in St. Petersburg , Russian Empire , as Ekaterina Feodorovna Countess Tolstaya , † 20th January 1913 in Moscow ) was a Russian landscape , genre and portrait painter of the Düsseldorf school . She also made a name for herself as a writer of memoirs .

Life

Boy, offspring of the Russian count family of Tolstoy and a daughter of the vice-president of the Imperial Art Academy Saint Petersburg , Fyodor Petrowitsch Tolstoy , and his wife Anastasia Ivanowa (1816-1889), grew up as "Countess Tolstaja" in an aristocratic and musical family home. The formative personalities who frequented there were the writer Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy (her second cousin) and the writer Alexei Konstantinowitsch Tolstoy (her first cousin). The circle of friends included the Ukrainian painter and writer Taras Shevchenko , who was patronized by his father , the portrait painter Nikolai Osipov Osipovich (1825–1901) and the Afro-American actor Ira Aldridge , who played the title role in the 1858 world premiere of Shakespeare's Othello in Saint Petersburg.

In 1860/61 she traveled with her parents via Germany and France to Italy, where she was particularly impressed by Leonardo da Vinci's fresco The Last Supper in Milan . In Florence she visited the painter Nikolai Nikolajewitsch Ge and met the sculptor Parmen Petrovitsch Zabello (1830–1917) and the anarchist Mikhail Alexandrowitsch Bakunin from him . The return journey took place via Switzerland.

Autumn in the garden of the Lefortovo Palace in Moscow , 1892, Tretyakov Gallery

On September 15, 1863, she married the German-Baltic ophthalmologist Eduard A. Junge (1832–1898), who taught from 1860 to 1882 as a professor at the University of Saint Petersburg. The couple, which had four sons, Vladimir (1864-1902), Fyodor (1866-1927), Alexander (1872-1921) and Sergei (1879-1902), took up residence in Koktebel on the Crimean peninsula . There it maintained close contacts with artists, such as the painter Maximilian Alexandrowitsch Woloschin and his circle of friends, including the landscape painter Vasily D. Polenov , the doctor and writer Efron Elpat'evskii (1854-1933) and the art historian and art critic Alexej P. Nowitzki ( 1862-1934). The Koktebel artists' colony emerged from the sale of the property. Since 1890, Junge lived separately from her husband. After that she was only sporadically in the Crimea. She traveled through Russia and, among others, to Vyborg (1872), Berlin (1898) and Paris (1904). From 1882 to 1887 she taught landscape and flower painting with a preparatory drawing course at a drawing school for women in Kiev , then in Moscow oil and watercolor painting at the Stroganov School ( Russian Строгановский училище Stroganovskiy uchilishche ) for applied arts and porcelain painting at an advanced training school for women Russian Общество распространения практических знаний среди образованных женщин , Society for the Dissemination of Practical Knowledge among Educated Women ).

Junge received her artistic training from her father. She also traveled to Düsseldorf and took private lessons from the landscape painter Oswald Achenbach and the genre painter Benjamin Vautier , both important representatives of their subject at the Düsseldorf School of Painting . From there she went to Paris and was instructed by Charles-François Daubigny in the studio . As a painter, Junge was not unknown. She was particularly interested in watercolor painting . Her genre paintings and landscapes appeared regularly in exhibitions of the Society of Russian Watercolor Artists. One of their collectors was the patron Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov . From 1882 to 1887 Junge worked as a teacher at an art school in Kiev , later also in Moscow. She was in correspondence with the painter Ilya Repin and the poet Fedor Dostoyevsky , who was her husband's patient in 1880. Her literary interest was above all his works as well as those of Alexander Pushkin and Leo N. Tolstoj, whom she often visited at his country estate Yasnaya Polyana . Because of her merits, she was accepted as a free member of the St. Petersburg Academy in 1885. Her grave is in the cemetery of the Donskoy Monastery in Moscow. Her portrait of Petr Shamschin (1845) is kept in the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow; Another was created in 1901 by Grigori G. Mjasojedov [Григорий Григорьевич Мясоедов].

Fonts

Ekaterina middle-aged boy, photo
  • FP Tolstoy, childhood and adolescence. In: Russian Art Archives , 1892.
  • Из моих воспоминаній. Iz moikh vospominanīĭ. In: Westnik Jewropy , 1905 (Russian; 'From my memories').
  • Воспоминания: 1843-1860. Sphinks, Saint Petersburg 1914 (Russian; 'Memories: 1843–1860').
  • Воспоминания. Переписка. Сочинения. 1843–1911 , Kutschkowo, Moscow 2017 (Russian, kpole.ru ; 'Memories, Correspondence, Compositions 1843–1911').

literature

  • Boy, Fyodorovna Ekaterina . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 19 : Ingouville – Kauffungen . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1926, p. 326 .
  • FI Bulgakov: Our artists at the academic exhibitions of the past 25 years [Наши художники на академнческихъ выставкахъ послѣдняго 25-ти лѣтія]. 1890.
  • SN Kondakov: The Imperial Art Academy [Кондаков, С. Н .: Академия Императорская художественная / Akademija Imperatorskaja Chudožestvennaja]. Volume 2.
  • A. Novizkij: Preface to Vospominanija. 1913.
  • A. Novitskij: Nekrolog. In: Parliament [Рада], 1913, No. 22.
  • MA Voloshin: Diary. 5 / III, 1932.
  • John Milner: A Dictionary of Russian and Soviet Artists 1420-1970. Woodbridge 1993.
  • Yunge, Ekaterina. In: Wolodymyr Kubijowytsch , Danylo Husar Struk (ed.): Encyclopedia of Ukraine . Volume 5, University of Toronto Press, Toronto 1993, p. 782.
  • Hans Paffrath , Kunstmuseum Düsseldorf (Hrsg.): Lexicon of the Düsseldorf School of Painting. Volume 2, Appendix. Bruckmann, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-7654-3010-2 .
  • Boy, Ekaterina Fedorovna. In: General artist lexicon: Bio-bibliographical index A – Z. KG Saur Verlag, Munich 2000, Volume 5, p. 380.
  • PD Tsukanov: EF boy. Catalog of art postcards. In: Filokartia. No. 2 (8), 2008 (Fig.) [П.Д. Цуканов: Е. Ф. Юнге. Каталог художественных открыток. № 2 (8) журнала "Филокартия". 2008].

Web links

Commons : Ekaterina Junge  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bettina Baumgärtel , Sabine Schroyen, Lydia Immerheiser, Sabine Teichgröb: Directory of foreign artists. Nationality, education and studies in Düsseldorf. In: Bettina Baumgärtel (Hrsg.): The Düsseldorf School of Painting and its international impact 1819–1918. Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86568-702-9 , Volume 1, p. 433.
  2. ↑ Delia Gaze (Ed.): Dictionary of Women Artists. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, Chicago / Illinois 1997, ISBN 1-884964-21-4 , Volume 1, p. 119 (English, reading sample, books.google.de ).
  3. ↑ Bettina Baumgärtel: Ekaterina Junge: Autumn Day in the Garden of Lefortowo Castle in Moscow, 1892. In: Bettina Baumgärtel (Ed.), Volume 2, p. 378 (catalog no. 318)
  4. ↑ Illustration: " Iskusstwo " [Искусство], Leningrad 1971.
personal data
SURNAME Boy, Fyodorovna Ekaterina
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Tolstaya, Ekaterina Feodorovna Countess; Boy, Ekaterina; Юнге, Екатерина Фёдоровна
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian landscape, genre and portrait painter from the Düsseldorf School
DATE OF BIRTH November 24, 1843
PLACE OF BIRTH Saint Petersburg , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH January 20, 1913
Place of death Moscow